In chemical terms, agar is a polymer made up of subunits of the sugar galactose.

Chemical substances are classified in terms of their structure, phase, as well as their chemical compositions.

Several terms are commonly used to characterize the general physical and chemical properties of the chemical elements.

In chemical terms, calcium is reactive and soft for a metal ( though harder than lead, it can be cut with a knife with difficulty ).

In the simplest terms, uplift of mountains exposes Ca-bearing rocks to chemical weathering and releases Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup > into surface water.

* IUPAC Nomenclature Home Page, see especially the " Gold Book " containing definitions of standard chemical terms

With the writings of Théophile de Donder as precedent, Ilya Prigogine and Defay in Chemical Thermodynamics ( 1954 ) defined chemical affinity in terms of the uncompensated heat of reaction Q the reaction progress variable or reaction extent ξ ; as the ratio of their infinitesimal increments:

Part of this rejection was due to the belief that atoms of one element would have no chemical affinity towards atoms of the same element, and part was due to apparent exceptions to Avogadro's law that were not explained until later in terms of dissociating molecules.

In chemical terms, epinephrine is one of a group of monoamines called the catecholamines.

In a more general form, the first law describes the internal energy with additional terms involving the chemical potential and the number of particles of various types.

The conflict has been compared to World War I in terms of the tactics used, including large scale trench warfare with barbed wire stretched across trenches, manned machine-gun posts, bayonet charges, human wave attacks across a no-man's land, and extensive use of chemical weapons such as mustard gas by the Iraqi government against Iranian troops, civilians, and Iraqi Kurds.

In terms of major chemical divisions of minerals, most are placed within the isomorphous groups, which are based on analogous chemical composition and similar crystal forms.

Physical chemistry is the study of macroscopic, atomic, subatomic, and particulate phenomena in chemical systems in terms of laws and concepts of physics.

The recognition of the relation between combustion and metabolism was a forerunner of the recognition that the metabolism of living organisms and combustion can be understood in terms of fundamentally related chemical processes.

In terms of a graph-based computational procedure, SMILES is a string obtained by printing the symbol nodes encountered in a depth-first tree traversal of a chemical graph.

In more technically-precise terms, the stoichiometric coefficient in a chemical reaction system of the i – th component is defined as

Unlike the mechanical philosophy, the chemical philosophy stressed the active powers of matter, which alchemists frequently expressed in terms of vital or active principles — of spirits operating in nature.

In this way, a thermodynamic system is a macroscopic physical object, explicitly specified in terms of macroscopic physical and chemical variables which describe its macroscopic properties.

The terms chemical and heat rays were eventually dropped in favour of ultraviolet and infrared radiation, respectively .< ref name =" hockberger ">

In practical terms, the flavour imparted by chemical compounds results from caramelization, Maillard reactions, and the partial combustion of oil that come from charring and searing of the food at very high heat in excess of.

For comparison, the nearest competing method in terms of structures analyzed is nuclear magnetic resonance ( NMR ) spectroscopy, which has resolved 9561 chemical structures.

The Grunwald Winstein mY scale measures polarity in terms of solvent influence on buildup of positive charge of a solute during a chemical reaction.

The drug's chemical name is listed, since most states require feed processors to use this name instead of the trade name on the feed tag.

In some instances, the trade name is shown in parentheses following the chemical name.

Even here there is room for some variation, for metal surfaces vary in smoothness, absorptive capacity, and chemical reactivity.

As is well known, detergent actives belong to the chemical class consisting of moderately high molecular weight and highly polar molecules which exhibit the property of forming micelles in solution.

On chemical grounds it seems most likely that iodide is first converted to Af and then to Af as the active iodinating species.

The chemical nature of the iodocompounds is discussed below ( pp. 76 et seq. ).

It is therefore necessary to consider the properties of pituitary TSH if the fragmentary chemical information about blood TSH is to be discussed rationally.

The importance of knowing in what chemical forms the hormone may exist is accentuated by the recent observation that there exists an abnormally long-acting TSH in blood drawn from many thyrotoxic patients ( Adams, 1958 ).

Whether this abnormal TSH differs chemically from pituitary TSH, or is, alternatively, normal TSH with its period of effectiveness modified by some other blood constituent, cannot be decided without chemical study of the activity in the blood of these patients and a comparison of the substance responsible for the blood activity with pituitary Aj.

The aim is to collect a very broad range of physical, chemical, morphological, and structural data for crystals on an encyclopedic scale and to seek all possible useful and revealing correlations of properties with internal structure.

The process in which the outcome of any one stage is known only statistically is also of interest, although for chemical reactor design it is not as important as the deterministic process.

It is a popular belief that alchemists made contributions to the " chemical " industries of the day — ore testing and refining, metalworking, production of gunpowder, ink, dyes, paints, cosmetics, leather tanning, ceramics, glass manufacture, preparation of extracts, liquors, and so on ( it seems that the preparation of aqua vitae, the " water of life ", was a fairly popular " experiment " among European alchemists ).

Experiments have been conducted to attempt the synthesis of ununennium ( Uue ), which is likely to be the next member of the group, but they have all met with failure .< ref name =" link "> However, ununennium may not be an alkali metal due to relativistic effects, which are predicted to have a large influence on the chemical properties of superheavy elements.

Each element has a specific set of chemical properties as a consequence of the number of electrons present in the neutral atom, which is Z ( the atomic number ).

The number of electrons in each element's electron shells, particularly the outermost valence shell, is the primary factor in determining its chemical bonding behavior.

Hence it is the atomic number alone that determines the chemical properties of an element ; and it is for this reason that an element can be defined as consisting of any mixture of atoms with a given atomic number.

Argon ( ) is a chemical element with symbol Ar and atomic number 18.

The name " argon " is derived from the Greek word αργον meaning " lazy " or " the inactive one ", a reference to the fact that the element undergoes almost no chemical reactions.

Arsenic ( ) is a chemical element with symbol As and atomic number 33.

Antimony ( or ; ) is a toxic chemical element with symbol Sb and atomic number 51.

Actinium ( ) is a radioactive chemical element with symbol Ac and atomic number 89, which was discovered in 1899.