The largest species are red alder ( A. rubra ) on the west coast of North America, and black alder ( A. glutinosa ), native to most of Europe and widely introduced elsewhere, both reaching over 30 m. By contrast, the widespread Alnus viridis ( green alder ) is rarely more than a 5 m tall shrub.

With many traditional domestic Liberal policies now regarded as irrelevant, he focused the party on opposition to both the rise of Fascism in Europe and the appeasement foreign policy of the British government, arguing that intervention was needed, in contrast to the Labour calls for pacifism.

By contrast, in civil law jurisdictions ( the legal tradition that prevails in, or is combined with common law in, Europe and most non-Islamic, non-common law countries ), courts lack authority to act where there is no statute, and judicial precedent is given less interpretive weight ( which means that a judge deciding a given case has more freedom to interpret the text of a statute independently, and less predictably ), and scholarly literature is given more.

In contrast with peanut allergy being most prevalent in the US, celery allergy is most prevalent in Central Europe.

Armored Cataphracts began to be deployed in eastern Europe and the near East, following the precedents established by Persian forces, as the main striking force of the armies in contrast to the earlier roles of cavalry as scouts, raiders, and outflankers.

A cultural definition of Europe as the lands of Latin Christendom coalesced in the 8th century, signifying the new cultural condominium created through the confluence of Germanic traditions and Christian-Latin culture, defined partly in contrast with Byzantium and Islam, and limited to northern Iberia, the British Isles, France, Christianized western Germany, the Alpine regions and northern and central Italy.

The formal rule of the proportionally more numerous than in other European countries nobility constituted an early democratic system (" a sophisticated noble democracy "), in contrast to the absolute monarchies prevalent at that time in the rest of Europe.

Europe has however seen a decline in premium income during the year in contrast to the growth seen in North America and Asia.

The elbow and knee techniques allowed in Japanese kickboxing by contrast were associated with Muay Thai, and Japanese kickboxing went mostly unnoticed in German-speaking Europe before the launch of K-1 in 1993.

Sanger also wanted to publish a book that directly described contraceptive options ( in contrast to the articles in The Woman Rebel which only indirectly discussed contraception ), so she gathered information, much of it from Europe, and published the pamphlet Family Limitation, in direct violation of the Comstock Law.

Palaces in East Asia, such as the imperial palaces of Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Japan, largebrick and wooden structures in Philippines and China's Forbidden City, consist of many low pavilions surrounded by vast, walled gardens, in contrast to the single building palaces of Medieval Western Europe.

Most nations of Western Europe use more comprehensive measures, and in sharp contrast to the heated discussion in the U. S., abstinence is hardly discussed as an educational measure.

By contrast, the rest of Europe combined sent only 882, 412 people from 1500 to 1795, and the fleet of the English ( later British ) East India Company, the VOC ’ s nearest competitor, was a distant second to its total traffic with 2, 690 ships and a mere one-fifth the tonnage of goods carried by the VOC.

Other modern historians, by contrast, are divided over the battle's importance, and considerable disagreement exists as to whether the victory was responsible — as Gibbon and his generation of historians claimed, and which is echoed by many modern historians — for saving Christianity and halting the conquest of Europe by Islam.

It has often been said that the Renaissance came late to England, in contrast to Italy and the other states of continental Europe ; the fine arts in England during the Tudor and Stuart eras were dominated by foreign and imported talent — from Hans Holbein the Younger under Henry VIII to Anthony van Dyck under Charles I.

Notre Dame de Paris is often reputed to be one of the most prominent examples of Gothic architecture in both France and in Europe as a whole, and the naturalism of its sculptures and stained glass are in contrast with earlier Romanesque architecture.

The first period of James's fiction, usually considered to have culminated in The Portrait of a Lady, concentrated on the contrast between Europe and America.

Although Roderick Hudson featured mostly American characters in a European setting, James made the Europe – America contrast even more explicit in his next novel.

Just as the contrast between Europe and America was a predominant theme in James's early novels, many of his first tales also explored the clash between the Old World and the New.

In contrast to the Scottish birth of Scrooge, Rockerduck claims to be hailing from England like his father Howard, where he is sometimes depicted to be living, and shown to be the more active in Europe than in America, with some stories having Scrooge having to buy land from him or compete with him to be able to expand his businesses on the European markets.

In sharp contrast to its performance in Japan and North America, the Master System was very successful in Europe.

In contrast, rockets in Europe, not being iron cased, could not take large chamber pressures and as a consequence were not capable of reaching distances anywhere near as great.

In contrast, the Pragmatic army contained some of the better trained and disciplined troops of Europe in the British and Hanoverian contingents but were not blessed with a great captain to command them.

According to a Pew Research Center study, media coverage mostly emanated from the United States in 2002, when a Boston Globe series began a critical mass of news reports ; by contrast, in 2010 much of the reporting focused on child abuse in Europe.

Apart from technical questions, in which Guibert's enlightened conservatism stands in marked contrast to the doctrinaire progressiveness of Menil Durand, Folard and others, the book is chiefly valued for its broad outlook on the state of Europe, especially of military Europe in the period 1763-1792.

Even when they are finished, however, the contrast will remain, for Istanbul is the only city in the world that is built upon two continents.

) One episode depicted him as having voices in his head, which told him to engage in destructive activities ; however, generally he has a passive demeanor in contrast to Butt-Head's more dominant personality.

In contrast with modern basketball nets, this peach basket retained its bottom, and balls had to be retrieved manually after each " basket " or point scored ; this proved inefficient, however, so the bottom of the basket was removed, allowing the balls to be poked out with a long dowel each time.

In contrast to soccer, however, all free strokes are “ direct ” and allow a goal to be scored without another player touching the ball.

So, according to Obadiah there will not remain even a remnant after Edom ’ s judgment ; This is in contrast to Amos 9: 12, where Amos refers to such a remnant, however, it is stated that their possession will be given to Israel.

There was, however, a need to provide a dramatic contrast to Macbeth ; a role that many scholars argue is filled by Banquo.

In contrast, however, survivors of the ill-fated Mexican military colony on Clipperton in 1917 ( see below ) indicated that they were dependent upon rain for their water supply, catching it in several old boats they used for this purpose.

During dream sleep, in contrast, people who are awakened report rich and detailed experiences in which events form a continuous progression, which may however be interrupted by bizarre or fantastic intrusions.

Cleveland, however, was relying increasingly on the running game, in contrast to its pass-happy early years under Graham.

This relation, however, is a psychological one in contrast to the physical relation implied by Wien's displacement law, according to which the spectral peak is shifted towards shorter wavelengths ( resulting in a more blueish white ) for higher temperatures.

To date, no such law has been enacted, however scholars demonstrated that class actions ( azioni rappresentative ) do not contrast with Italian principles of civil procedure.

In contrast, the New Keynesian school retains the rational expectations assumption, however it assumes a variety of market failures.

In contrast, patient testimonials, case reports, and even expert opinion ( however some critics have argued that expert opinion " does not belong in the rankings of the quality of empirical evidence because it does not represent a form of empirical evidence " and continue that " expert opinion would seem to be a separate, complex type of knowledge that would not fit into hierarchies otherwise limited to empirical evidence alone.

The plot centers around a war between Earth and its colonies in space ; however, in contrast to the Universal Century continuity, the Gundam pilots of Gundam Wing are more closely allied to each other than they are to any particular side in the conflict unfolding around them.

Some areas, however, although arid, do have natural vegetation in contrast to the desert.

James Crossley, however, has argued that the film makes the distinction between Jesus and the character of Brian to make a contrast between the traditional Christ of both faith and cinema and the historical figure of Jesus in critical scholarship and how critical scholars have argued that ideas later got attributed to Jesus by his followers.

In Birthright, Luthor remains a wealthy corporate magnate ; in contrast to Byrne's characterization, however, LexCorp is founded upon Luthor's study of extraterrestrial life, thereby providing a link between himself and Superman.

Second, Shakespeare may have altered Banquo's character simply because there was no dramatic need for another accomplice to the murder ; there was, however, a need to give a dramatic contrast to Macbeth — a role which many scholars argue is filled by Banquo.

In this case, the contrast appears largely to be conveyed with a difference in the voice onset time of the initial consonant as the configuration of the mouth is the same for and ; however, there is also a possible difference in duration, which visual analysis using high quality video supports.

In contrast, however, no syntactic rule of English cares about the difference between dog and dog catcher, or dependent and independent.

" All this would be in contrast, however, with the pope's insistence on bishops knowing Catholic theology and as being contrary to the Catholic teaching on witchcraft or sorcery as also seen in both the Old and New Testaments and early Church councils ( Catholic Encyclopedia, article " Witchcraft ").

In contrast to the Ming system, however, Qing ethnic policy dictated that appointments were split between Manchu noblemen and Han officials who had passed the highest levels of the state examinations.

By contrast, elastic applications can take advantage of however much or little bandwidth is available.

Other states however, make their Prime minister a central and dominant figure within the cabinet system ; Ireland's Taoiseach, for example, alone can decide when to seek a parliamentary dissolution, in contrast to other countries where this is a cabinet decision, with the Prime Minister just one member voting on the suggestion.