Current state-of-the-art photolithography tools use deep ultraviolet ( DUV ) light from excimer lasers with wavelengths of 248 and 193 nm ( the dominant lithography technology today is thus also called " excimer laser lithography "), which allow minimum feature sizes down to 50 nm.

The commonly used deep ultraviolet excimer lasers in lithography systems are the Krypton fluoride laser at 248-nm wavelength and the argon fluoride laser at 193-nm wavelength.

Current state-of-the-art photolithography tools use deep ultraviolet ( DUV ) light from excimer lasers with wavelengths of 248 and 193 nm — the dominant lithography technology today is thus also called " excimer laser lithography " — which has enabled minimum feature sizes in chip manufacturing to shrink from 0. 5 micrometer in 1990 to 45 nanometers and below in 2010.

Like all incandescent light bulbs, a halogen lamp produces a continuous spectrum of light, from near ultraviolet to deep into the infrared.

It includes large-field imagers, adaptive optics corrected cameras and spectrographs, as well as high-resolution and multi-object spectrographs and covers a broad spectral region, from deep ultraviolet ( 300 nm ) to mid-infrared ( 24 µm ) wavelengths.

The third image was a composite of ultraviolet, green and deep red light and shows the detailed structure of hot, moderate and cool stars in the galaxy.

The target field had to avoid known bright sources of visible light ( such as foreground stars ), and infrared, ultraviolet and X-ray emissions, to facilitate later studies at many wavelengths of the objects in the deep field, and also needed to be in a region with a low background infrared ' cirrus ', the diffuse, wispy infrared emission believed to be caused by warm dust grains in cool clouds of hydrogen gas ( H I regions ).

In semiconductors, the valence electron plasma frequency is usually in the deep ultraviolet, which is why they too are reflective.

This results in a transparent glass with an ultra-high purity and improved optical transmission in the deep ultraviolet.

To eliminate these by-products, new processes have been developed using an alternative feedstock, which has also resulted in a higher purity fused silica with further improved deep ultraviolet transmission.

The objectives were to make ultraviolet observations of deep space or nearby galaxies.

Spectrometer response is typically from 1100 nm ( near infrared ) to 170 nm ( deep ultraviolet ), the approximate response range of a CCD detector.

EUVL is a significant departure from the deep ultraviolet lithography used today.

With its 248 nanometer wavelength, it is a deep ultraviolet laser which is commonly used in the production of semiconductor integrated circuits, industrial micromachining, and scientific research.

* Scanning probe lithography ( SPL ) is a promising tool for patterning at the deep nanometer-scale.

Much of this matrix is formed by relatively soft fragments, such as shale and some volcanic rocks, that are chemically altered and physically compacted after deep burial of the sandstone formation.

If animals must be kept inside ( to brood young chicks for example ), Salatin recommends providing deep bedding of wood chips or sawdust to chemically lock in all the nutrients and smell until they can be spread on the field where the compost can be used by the grass.

This can be envisaged as the metamorphic rocks within the deep crust losing fluids and dissolved mineral components as hydrous minerals break down, with this fluid percolating up into the shallow levels of the crust to chemically change and alter these rocks.

A male is heard calling — an immensely amplified deep note that can be heard at great distances from its nest.

The song's sad feeling and the drama's unexpected sorrowful ending amplified each other greatly, leaving a deep impression on the audience.

Black Galaxy utilise a range of instrumentation ( including laptop, tone generators, circuit bent instruments, tabletop guitar, preparations, and amplified objects ) to blend rhythmic pulses with deep bass tones and abstracted sound.

The German bunkers were up to thirty feet deep and could resist artillery fire.

Here too can be seen the deep blocks of fighting men, with rows of spears braced in the earth to resist cavalry.

Coverage could therefore be reduced compared to the ouvrages of the northeast, which were at depths of up to in deep soil to resist heavy siege artillery.

He also argues that deep creodes will resist not only genetic but environmental pressures to change course.

As with most brothers, Kyle has a playfully antagonistic relationship with Ian ; while he probably cares for the " doofus " deep down, the temptations to play off of Ian's gullibility and sensitivity are too much for him to resist most of the time.

* Wakers-AIM deep penetration agents under the leadership of Scorpion ( Carmilla Black ) and 4 others, genetically-engineered to resist all chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons

The Autobot's are unable to resist the power of the Dark Matrix until Nightbeat, imprisoned since Issue # 62, shoots Thunderwing with a grappling harpoon from the shuttle and depressurises the shuttlebay, sucking Thunderwing and the Matrix out into deep space.

Preparation of poly ( N-alkylmethacrylamide ) Langmuir – Blodgett films for the application to a novel dry-developed positive deep UV resist.

Some translated quotes illustrate his manner of articulating the deep conflict between his interpretation of chemistry and that of the structural chemists:

In 1754, in his letter to Leonard Euler, he wrote that his three years of experiments on the effects of chemistry of minerals on their colour led to his deep involvement in the mosaic art.

He made deep studies in chemistry, geology, zoology, anthropology, engineering and other sciences.

* Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch develop the Haber process for making ammonia from its elements, a milestone in industrial chemistry with deep consequences in agriculture.

He became an apprentice to an apothecary in Liegnitz ( Legnica ), and acquired a deep interest in chemistry.

File: Deep sea vent chemistry diagram. jpg | Oceanic ridge and deep sea vent chemistry

They are huge areas which have been swept by winds for so many centuries that there is no soil left, but only deep bare ridges fifty or sixty yards apart with ravines between them thirty or forty feet deep and the only thing that moves is a scuttling layer of sand.

It consists of fragmentary personal revelations, such as `` The Spark '': `` There is a spark dwells deep within my soul.

It is testimony to the deep respect in which Mr. Eisenhower was held by members of all parties that the moral considerations raised by his approach to the matter were not explicitly to be broached.

Mann understood better than most men the incest comedy at the center of the myth and the psychological truth in which dread is shown as the other face as longing was for him just the kind of deep and complicated joke he liked to tell.

The road, a comparatively new one, is very good, winding along inlets, coves, and bays of deep and brilliant blue.

The religious quest is often intense and deep, and there are students on every campus who are seriously wrestling with the most profound questions of meaning and value.

Now Richards, of course, is known as a deep thinker as baseball managers go.

It is a matter of deep personal satisfaction for me to add my voice to the great and distinguished chorus of my colleagues in this paean of praise, respect, and affection for Speaker Sam Rayburn.

It is, I insist, hard to define the Rayburn contribution to our political civilization because it is so massive and so widespread and so complicated, and because it goes so deep.

While clay is still pressed in mold, press three equally spaced holes 1/4'' '' deep, using pencil eraser, in bottom of clay to allow for proper drying and firing.

I took a deep breath and an even deeper swallow of my drink, and said, `` I admit that going back to Ralph Waldo Emerson for humor is like going to a modern musical comedy for music and comedy ''.

The deep water is used by many people, but it is always clean, for the washing is done outside.

The history of the U.S. potato chip industry is that many of today's successful companies got started during the deep depression days.

`` The white colonnaded, cedar-roofed Southern mansion is directly traceable via the grey and buff stone of grey-skied England to the golden stucco of one particular part of the blue South, the Palladian orbit stretching out from Vicenza: the old mind of Andrea Palladio still smiles from behind many an old rocking chair on a Southern porch, the deep friezes of his architectonic music rise firm above the shallower freeze in the kitchen, his feeling for light and shade brings a glitter from a tall mint julep, his sense of columns framing the warm velvet night has brought together a million couple of mating lips ''.

The statue is the " thing in itself ", and his slender face with the deep eyes express an intellectual eternity.

The depth of water at the apex of the ridge is less than in most places, while the bottom of the ridge is three times as deep.

The deep ocean floor is thought to be fairly flat with occasional deeps, abyssal plains, trenches, seamounts, basins, plateaus, canyons, and some guyots.

With the development of fast Internet in the last part of the 20th century along with advances in computer controlled telescope mounts and CCD cameras ' Remote Telescope ' astronomy is now a viable means for amateur astronomers not aligned with major telescope facilities to partake in research and deep sky imaging.