One of the best examples of a local currency is the original LETS currency, founded on Vancouver Island in the early 1980 ’ s.

Another early commercial model was the six-button Microwriter, designed by Cy Endfield and Chris Rainey, and first sold in 1980.

In early 1980, they recorded and released the single " Holiday in Cambodia ".

Parton's commercial success continued to grow during 1980, with three number-one hits in a row: the Donna Summer-written " Starting Over Again ", " Old Flames Can't Hold a Candle to You ", and " 9 to 5 ", which topped the country and pop charts in early 1981.

Starting in the late 1970s to the early 1980s, several types of video production equipment were introduced, such as time base correctors ( TBC ) and digital video effects ( DVE ) units ( one of the former being the Thomson-CSF 9100 Digital Video Processor, an internally all-digital full-frame TBC introduced in 1980, and two of the latter being the Ampex ADO, and the Nippon Electric Corporation ( NEC ) DVE ).

Towards the end of the year, Bowie and Angela initiated divorce proceedings, and after months of court battles the marriage was ended in early 1980.

Such earthquakes can serve as an early warning of volcanic eruptions, as during the Mount St. Helens eruption of 1980.

The Electric Light Orchestra Story, Bev Bevan's memoirs from his early days and throughout his career with The Move and ELO, were also published in 1980.

Lineker began scoring prolifically in the early 1980s, helping Leicester win promotion to the First Division in 1980 and again in 1983.

The Marxist FUTH, with an estimated 16, 000 members in the early 1990s, was first organized in 1980 by three communist-influenced unions, but did not receive legal status until 1988.

In early times, horror films such as My Bloody Valentine ( 1981 ), Halloween ( 1978 ), and Friday the 13th ( 1980 ) pertained mostly to a male audience in order to " feed the fantasies of young men ".< ref name = Nowell > Their main focus was to express the fear of women and show them as monsters ; however, this ideal is no longer prevalent in horror films .< ref name = Williams > Women have become not only the main audience and fans of horror films but also the main protagonists of contemporary horror films.

In 1980, Tim Berners-Lee created ENQUIRE, an early hypertext database system somewhat like a wiki but without hypertext punctuation, which was not invented until 1987.

After the betting scandal of the early 1980 ( the Calcio Scommesse scandal ) it was decided to clean up the image of Italian football by assigning referees randomly instead of picking them, in order to clear up all the suspicions and accusations always accompanying Italy's football life.

An early Kemp tax reform attempt was an unsuccessful 1979 proposal to index tax brackets for cost of living fluctuations, which was incorporated in Reagan's 1980 package.

In the early 1980s, according to David Stockman, Kemp persuaded Reagan to make a 30 % across-the-board tax cut a central 1980 presidential campaign feature.

In the aftermath of a war that had for the first time properly engaged Sartre in political matters, he set forth a body of work which " reflected on virtually every important theme of his early thought and began to explore alternative solutions to the problems posed there " ( Aronson 1980: 121 ).

Another early rap group with all Latino members was La Familia, formed in 1980.

This idea of the infinite, of the unreal, of the innocence dying ..." — Robert Smith 2003 ( about the Peake character that inspired the early Cure song The Drowning Man in 1980 )

" A number of original recordings also were released in this way in the 1970s and early 1980s, such as " Gall in the Family Fare " ( a parody of All in the Family ), a single entitled " Makin ' Out ," the octuple-grooved track " It's a Super Spectacular Day ," which had eight possible endings, the spoken word Meet the Staff insert, and a six-track, 30-minute Mad Disco EP ( from the 1980 Special of the same title ) that included a disco version of " It's a Gas.

His succession had been decided as early as 1980, with the support of the military and party apparatus.

Wanting to complete the line-up with someone they knew well and whose musical skill and style was compatible with their own, New Order invited Morris's girlfriend, Gillian Gilbert from Macclesfield, to join the band during the early part of October 1980, as keyboardist and guitarist.

As part of a study launched in 1980 by Ambio, a journal of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Paul Crutzen and John Birks circulated a draft paper in early 1982 with the first quantitative evidence of alterations in short-term climate after a nuclear war.

During the band's early years, Peart's lyrics were largely fantasy / science fiction-focused, though since 1980 he has focused more on social, emotional, and humanitarian issues.

An early work which would mark their difference from the then dominant postmodern classicism of the late 1970s, was their contribution to the Venice Biennale of 1980, curated by Italian architect Paolo Portoghesi, titled " Presence of the Past ".

During 1979 and early 1980, eight more ships were added, including six built in Yugoslavia and two in Denmark.

The first BBSes used homebrew software, quite often written or customized by the SysOps themselves, running on early S-100 microcomputer systems such as the Altair, IMSAI and Cromemco under the CP / M operating system.

IBM mainframes used an EBCDIC character set and CP / M and DEC machines used ASCII, so conversion between the two character sets was one of the early functions built into Kermit.

In addition to CMS, in the early stage especially communication tasks were performed by multitasking VMs ( RSCS, GCS, TCP / IP, UNIX ), and users can run any of the other IBM operating systems, such as MVS, even a new CP itself or now z / OS.

Installation of early versions of WordStar, especially for CP / M, was very different from the approach of modern programs.

WordStar version 3. x used the MS-DOS File control block ( FCB ) interface, an early data structure for file input / output which was based closely on CP / M's file input / output functions.

The combination of CP / M and S-100 bus computers loosely patterned on the MITS Altair was an early " industry standard " for microcomputers, and this computer platform was widely used in business through the late 1970s and into the mid-1980s, expanding to include 16-bit CPUs and multiuser capability.

The first widely adopted 8-bit microprocessor was the Intel 8080, being used in many hobbyist computers of the late 1970s and early 1980s, often running the CP / M operating system ; it had 8-bit data words and 16-bit addresses.

The most important of the early OSes on these machines was Digital Research's CP / M-80 for the 8080 / 8085 / Z-80 CPUs.

Digital Research developed CP / M-86 as an alternative to MS-DOS and it was made available through IBM in early 1982.

Some of the early 1982 commercial software for the IBM PC was ported from CP / M ( where it was written for the BDS C subset of the C language ) to MS-DOS using Lattice C including Perfect Writer, PerfectCalc, PerfectSpeller and PerfectFiler.

By the early 1980s, the chaos and incompatibility of the first years had given way to a smaller number of de-facto industry standards, including the S-100 bus, CP / M, the Apple II, Microsoft BASIC in read-only memory ( ROM ), and the 5. 25 inch floppy drive.

( CTSS was used as an early CP / CMS development platform.

Commercial time-sharing users, an important segment of early CP / CMS and VM sites, relied on such devices because they could connect via 300-or 1200 bit / s modems over normal voice-grade telephone circuits.

The MSX-DOS disk operating system had internal software mechanisms much like CP / M ( so CP / M software could be ported reasonably easy ), but had a file system compatible with MS-DOS, and its user commands were also similar to early MS-DOS versions.

A consequence of the universal adoption of detailed PC architecture was that no more than 640 kilobytes of memory were supported ; early machines running MS-DOS and CP / M-86 did not suffer from this restriction, and some could make use of nearly one megabyte of RAM.

As early as 1983, Martin Jacques " thought the CP was unreformable ... but stayed in because he needed its subsidy to continue publishing Marxism Today.

Kaypro produced a line of rugged, portable CP / M-based computers sold with an extensive software bundle which supplanted its competitors and quickly became one of the top selling personal computer lines of the early 1980s.

In the early 1980s, Apple Computer won a contract to supply Apple II computers running CP / M and COMAL to Irish secondary schools.

The dBASE IV APPSGEN tool was based largely on portions of an early CP / M product named Personal Pearl.

Otrona was an early Colorado manufacturer of business portable CP / M compatible computers.

As with other DEC tools, early CP / M kept the DEC name DDT for its debugger.

* Was first developed as a performance improvement for CP / CMS release 2. 1, an important early milestone in CP's efficiency.

The early history of VM is described in the articles CP / CMS and History of CP / CMS.