These first appeared on ZX Spectrum, Commodore 64 and Amstrad CPC games that were distributed around the world via Bulletin Board Systems ( BBSes ) and floppy disk copying.

But it was not long before hobbyists were able to combine the Smartmodem with new software to create the first real bulletin board systems ( BBSes ), which created significant market demand.

He is the creator of FidoNet, the first message and file networking system for BBSes.

The first BBSes were located in the USA, but similar boards started appearing in Canada, the UK, Australia and mainland Europe.

# Baud: the beginnings of the first BBSes, featuring Ward Christensen and Randy Suess

In the first instance, `` mimesis '' is here used to mean the recalling of experience in terms of vivid images rather than in terms of abstract ideas or conventional designations.

In the next few months of comparative silence, Pike waited patiently until conditions were perfect for a new attack, and then, displaying a remarkable grasp of the subtleties of political infighting, gained from his first bout with Woodruff, he used these changed conditions to excellent advantage.

The funds recouped by reductions in item 12 above are used: first, to increase the unadjusted allotments to the specified minimum in those States where the unadjusted allotment is less than the minimum allotment ( item 13 above ) ; ;

The first attempts to isolate TSH came a decade later, when Janssen and Loeser ( 1931 ) used trichloroacetic acid to separate the soluble TSH from insoluble impurities.

The address of the first cell and the number of cells used is written in the information cell for the form.

`` Disaffiliation '', by the way, is the term used by the critic and poet, Lawrence Lipton, who has written several articles on this subject, the first of which, in The Nation, quoted as Epigraph: `` We disaffiliate.

It will not, however, be used for symbolic assignment until all other index words or electronic switches have been assigned for the first time.

The first item in the operand, IOCSIXF, is used to specify the first IOCS index word for programs using tape files.

I state categorically that we shall under no circumstances resort to the use of such weapons unless they are first used by our enemies ''.

The first few days Bob Fogg set his plane down on Towne field back of the State House when the wind was right, and used Wilson flat above Barre when it wasn't.

I have been using the word `` vocational '' as a layman would at first sight think it should be used.

This word was first applied to the imported hot-blooded cattle, but later was more commonly used as reference to a human tenderfoot.

I used the alias of Robert C. Richards, gave the first three letters and the first and last figure of the license number on the agency heap, but a couple of phony numbers in between.

In their suburban cottage the crown charges, the Krogers received secrets from the mystery man, usually on the first Saturday evening of each month, and spent much of the week-end getting the secrets off to Moscow, either on a powerful transmitter buried under the kitchen floor or as dots posted over period marks in used books.

The President said the primary goal of his actions as president ( he used the first person pronoun and explicitly refers to his " official duty ") was preserving the Union:

The title " teacher " was first given to Aristotle by Muslim scholars, and was later used by Western philosophers ( as in the famous poem of Dante ) who were influenced by the tradition of Islamic philosophy.

ASCII itself was first used commercially during 1963 as a seven-bit teleprinter code for American Telephone & Telegraph's TWX ( TeletypeWriter eXchange ) network.

He used one of the cow's intestines and the tortoise shell and made the first lyre.

Regression is first used to fit more

The Proto-Sinatic or Proto Canaanite script and the Ugaritic script were the first scripts with limited number of signs, in contrast to the other widely used writing systems at the time, Cuneiform, Egyptian hieroglyphs, and Linear B.

The name was first used in the English language in 1768 by R. Edwin in a colorful description of a large snake found in Ceylon ( now Sri Lanka ), most likely a reticulated python, Python reticulatus.

Van Vogt was always interested in the idea of all-encompassing systems of knowledge ( akin to modern meta-systems ) -- the characters in his very first story used a system called ' Nexialism ' to analyze the alien's behaviour, and he became interested in the General Semantics of Alfred Korzybski.

In English the noun alpha is used as a synonym for " beginning ", or " first " ( in a series ), reflecting its Greek roots.

In 1996, programmer Kevin Horton released the first homebrew game for the ColecoVision, a Tetris clone entitled Kevtris .< ref name =" kevtris ">

A Sega Mega Drive / Genesis version of Commandos: Behind Enemy Lines, with the first 5 missions, was also made by Russian homebrew programmers, but lacked sound and certain other features of the PC version.

There were two releases, both sanctioned by Atari and Bridgestone Multimedia ( who had obtained the rights to the Starpath library some time ago ): the first release ( a limited number not-for-profit release ) also included the previously unreleased Atari prototype, Polo by Carol Shaw, and the second release included the Supercharger prototypes Meteroid ( an early version of Suicide Mission ) and Excalibur ( an early version of Dragonstomper ), as well as a number of homebrew games by permission of their respective authors, and the song Atari 2600 by Splitsville, fully licensed from the band.

XNA Game Studio Express, the first release of XNA Game Studio, was intended for students, hobbyists, and independent ( and homebrew ) game developers.

The primary focus of the museum's collection is on the birth and evolution of personal, interactive computing, starting with the LINC ( 1962 ), considered by some to be the first true personal computer, and leading on up through the homebrew microcomputer revolution of the 1970s, the propagation of personal computing to homes and businesses in the 1980s and the spread of networked computing in the 1990s.

A handful of homebrew games have been programmed for the Channel F, the world's first programmable game console.

There is also a version of Tetris and in 2008 " Videocart 27: Pac-Man " became the first full production homebrew for the Channel F.

The first homebrew title released on CD was MindRec's Implode in 2002, a few years after the system's last official release ( Dead Of The Brain I & II for the PC Engine in 1999 ).

It is possible to play homebrew on any model PlayStation through the use of a modchip or the double swap trick ( or, for the very first SCPH-1001 models put into production, the CD player trick ).

The CycloDS iEvolution is the first cart to support DSi mode homebrew.

Like 3Dfx, Rendition was one of the first 3D chipset makers to see the value of homebrew programming by releasing a free programming API to the public.

Hackers and other homebrew enthusiasts then encountered the first trojan for the PSP.

Speeding up the low portion of memory is particularly useful on 6502 derived machines because that processor has a faster addressing mode for the first 256 bytes and so it is common for software to put any variables involved in time critical sections of program into that region.

The first used the same graphics processor as the BBC Micro in mode 7 — the SAA5050 — but used software to ensure that it was fed with the correct graphics data.

AIX was the first operating system to utilize journaling file systems, and IBM has continuously enhanced the software with features like processor, disk and network virtualization, dynamic hardware resource allocation ( including fractional processor units ), and reliability engineering ported from its mainframe designs.

The software is developed and sold by Autodesk, Inc., first released in December 1982 by Autodesk in the year following the purchase of the first form of the software by Autodesk founder, John Walker.

The Amiga Skyline BBS software was the first in 1987 featuring a script markup language communication protocol called Skypix which was capable to give the user a complete graphical interface, featuring rich graphic content, changeable fonts, mouse-controlled actions, animations and sound.

A notable example was Phil Katz's PKARC ( and later PKZIP, using the same ". zip " algorithm that WinZip and other popular archivers now use ); also other concepts of software distribution like freeware, postcardware like JPEGview and donationware like Red Ryder for the Macintosh first appeared on BBS sites.

Borland Software Corporation is a software company first headquartered in Scotts Valley, California, then in Cupertino, California, and finally in Austin, Texas.

The three Danes had embarked, at first successfully, on marketing software first from Denmark, and later from Ireland, before running into some challenges at the time when they met Philippe Kahn.

The first genome annotation software system was designed in 1995 by Dr. Owen White, who was part of the team at The Institute for Genomic Research that sequenced and analyzed the first genome of a free-living organism to be decoded, the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae.

The BIOS software is built into the PC, and is the first code run by a PC when powered on (' boot firmware ').

The first theory about software was proposed by Alan Turing in his 1935 essay Computable numbers with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem ( decision problem ).

As more and more programs enter the realm of firmware, and the hardware itself becomes smaller, cheaper and faster as predicted by Moore's law, elements of computing first considered to be software, join the ranks of hardware.

To copy from drive to drive, software running on the C64 was needed and it would first read from one drive into memory, then write out to the other.

Code coverage was among the first methods invented for systematic software testing.

Some of these technologies include speech recognition software to allow computers to handle first level of customer support, text mining and natural language processing to allow better customer handling, agent training by automatic mining of best practices from past interactions, support automation and many other technologies to improve agent productivity and customer satisfaction.

The technology was first introduced in software in January 2000 as an always-on feature of Microsoft Reader, which was released to the public in August 2000.

HyperScope is perceived as the first step of a process designed to engage a wider community in a dialogue, on development of collaborative software and services, based on Engelbart's goals and research.

BIND was first released with Berkeley Software Distribution 4. 3BSD, and as such, it is free and open source software.

Remote Agent ( remote intelligent self-repair software )( RAX ), developed at NASA Ames Research Center and JPL, was the first artificial intelligence control system to control a spacecraft without human supervision.