Many oscillators, including the human voice, a bowed violin string, or a Cepheid variable star, are more or less periodic, and so composed of harmonics.

A driven non-linear oscillator, such as the human voice, a blown wind instrument, or a bowed violin string ( but not a struck guitar string or bell ) will oscillate in a periodic, non-sinusoidal manner.

That instrument, called the violin, was much better than the viol – its tone was like the human voice and could express every feeling and passion.

Some of the most notable examples were composed by Antonio Vivaldi – some of his violin, flute or recorder concertos bear titles inspired by human affects ( Il piacere – the pleasure ), occupations ( La caccia – the hunting, La pastorella – the shepherdess ) or, most notably, aspects of nature and meteors ( The Four Seasons, La notte – the night, La tempesta di mare – the sea storm ).

:-- Acoustic guitar, cello, violin ; Lyrics are cryptic, again touching on the coarseness and natural brutality of the human animal.

Scattered around are the emblems of all human endeavours – violin and lute, armour, coronet, square and compasses, pen and manuscript, bay leaves, and an astral globe, tangled and trampled under Cupid ’ s foot.

When Sweet Ann was first released, John Walden of Sound on Sound had reviewed Leon, Lola and Miriam and noted that Vocaloid itself had no previous rival technology to contend with, and praised Yamaha for their efforts as Vocaloid was an ambitious project to undertake, considering the human voice was more complex to synthesize than instruments such as the violin.

Members of the violin family are the easiest to identify in this way: with the violin corresponding to the soprano, the viola to the alto, violoncello to the tenor, and bass to the bass ranges of the human voice ( historically, the violin family was made in more than just these 4 sizes: there were originally several sizes of violas, as well as instruments smaller than the modern violin, for example ).

Other notable works include Workers Union ( 1975 ), a melodically indeterminate piece " for any loud sounding group of instruments "; Mausoleum ( 1979 ) for 2 baritones and large ensemble ; De Tijd ( 1979 – 81 ) for female singers and ensemble ; De Snelheid ( 1982-3 ), for 3 amplified ensembles ; De Materie ( 1984 – 88 ), a large four-part work for voices and ensemble ; collaborations with filmmaker and librettist Peter Greenaway on the film M is for Man, Music, Mozart and the operas Rosa: A Horse Drama ( 1994 ) and Writing to Vermeer ( 1998 ); and the recent La Passione ( 2000 – 02 ) for female voice, violin and ensemble.

* Passeggiata in tram in America e ritorno ( 1999 ) ( text by Dino Campana ) for female Italian voice, violin and piano

* Passeggiata in tram in America e ritorno ( 2001 ) ( text by Dino Campana ) for female Italian voice, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, electric guitar, electric violin, double bass, piano, percussion, 1998 ( also version for voice, flute, horn, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, amplified violin, double bass, piano

* La Passione ( 2000 – 02 ) ( text by Dino Campana ) for female jazz voice, violin, small orchestra ( 7 winds, 7 brass, electric guitar, cimbalom, 2 pianos, synthesizer, 2 percussion, 3 violins, bass guitar )

* Letter from Cathy ( 2003 ) ( text from a letter by Cathy Berberian to the composer ) for female jazz voice, harp, violin, double bass, piano, percussion

It is the middle voice of the violin family, between the violin and the cello.

In its heyday ( c. 1550 – 1650 ) the treble cornett was used more than other wind instruments for virtuoso display, resulting in spectacular divisions ( or diminutions ) as extravagant as those produced on the violin or bass viol, or by the voice.

* American ( U. S. A .)— Abelle, Victor: " Pierrot and Pierrette " ( 1906 ; piano ); Foote, Arthur: " Pierrot " and " Pierrette ", from Five Bagatelles ( c. 1894 ; piano ); Hoiby, Lee: " Pierrot " ( 1950 ; # 2 of Night Songs for voice and piano ; text by Adelaide Crapsey above under # Poetry | Poetry ); Neidlinger, William Harold: Piano Sketches ( 1905 ; # 5: " Pierrot "; # 7: " Columbine "); Oehmler, Leo: " Pierrot and Pierrette – Petite Gavotte " ( 1905 ; violin and piano ).

* American ( U. S. A .)— Brown, Earle: Tracking Pierrot ( 1992 ; chamber ensemble ); Wharton, Geoffry ( works mainly in Germany ): ‘’ Five Pierrot Tangos ’’ ( n. d .; violin / viola, flute, piano / synthesizer, cello, clarinet, and voice ).

* Pfohl, Ferdinand: 5 poems (" Moon-rondels, fantastic scenes from ' Pierrot Lunaire '") for voice and piano ( 1891 ); Marschalk, Max: 5 poems for voice and piano ( 1901 ); Vrieslander, Otto: 50 poems for voice and piano ( 46 in 1905, 4 more in 1911 ); Graener, Paul: 3 poems for voice and piano ( c. 1908 ); Marx, Joseph: 4 poems for voice and piano ( 1909 ; 1 of 4, " Valse de Chopin ", reset for voice, piano, and string quartet in 1917 ); Schoenberg, Arnold: 21 poems for speaking voice, piano, flute ( also piccolo ), clarinet ( also bass clarinet ), violin ( also viola ), and violoncello ( 1912 ); Kowalski, Max: 12 poems for voice and piano ( 1913 ); Prohaska, Carl: 6 poems for voice and piano ( 1920 ); Lothar, Mark: 1 poem for voice and piano ( 1921 ).

Many contemporary string players vary the pitch from below, only up to the nominal note and not above it, although great violin pedagogues of the past such as Carl Flesch and Joseph Joachim explicitly referred to vibrato as a movement towards the bridge, meaning upwards in pitch ,— and the cellist Diran Alexanian, in his 1922 treatise Traité théorique et pratique du Violoncelle, shows how one should practice vibrato as starting from the note and then moving upwards in a rhythmic motion.

Ray Nance performed on trumpet and violin, 1937 to 1939, before moving on to the Duke Ellington Orchestra.

His contributions include building the instrument top with F-shaped holes, like a violin ; introducing a longer neck, thus moving the bridge closer to the center of the body ; and floating the fingerboard over the top, a change from prior Gibson instruments that had fingerboards fused to the top.

Wieniawski's second Violin Concerto remains one of the greatest violin concertos of the Romantic era, memorable for its lush and moving melodies and harmonies.

The rich, expansive themes, presented by the violin, are underscored by a constantly moving orchestra part, keeping the movement alive and helping it flow from one part to the next.

The khene (; also spelled " khaen ", " kaen " and " khen "; Lao: ແຄນ ;,, ; ) is a mouth organ of Lao origin whose pipes, which are usually made of bamboo, are connected with a small, hollowed-out hardwood reservoir into which air is blown, creating a sound similar to that of the violin.

2 ) Tape replay keyboards use pre-recorded tapes where not only the musical notes are recorded, but also, for example the pick of a guitar, air in the flute ( Chamberlin ), scratch of the violin or cello bow ( Mellotron ), the breath of a choir or ambience of a real church organ ( Birotron ), as well as the ambient acoustics of the room the instruments were recorded in.

In the central part, the cell-grupetto comes back again, giving birth to a new theme which is repeated by a solo violin for a few bars, in a gypsy air.

Brigode himself played violin and clarinet, but mostly acted as master of ceremonies.

Indeed he seems more or less responsible together with Gasparo da Salò and some Micheli's like Zanetto or Pellegrino for giving the instruments of the modern violin family their definitive profile.

* The archtop guitar incorporates a top, either carved out of solid wood or heat-pressed using laminations, that is arched like instruments in the violin family, usually with an f-hole rather than a round sound hole.

In addition, while the violin has bulging shoulders, most double basses have shoulders carved with a more acute slope, like members of the viol family.

Double bass rosin is generally softer and stickier than violin rosin to allow the hair to grab the thicker strings better, but players use a wide variety of rosins that vary from quite hard ( like violin rosin ) to quite soft, depending on the weather, the humidity, and the preference of the player.

Tuning pegs like those of a violin are traditional, although many modern flamenco guitars have machine heads.

The typical archtop guitar has a large, deep, hollow body whose form is much like that of a mandolin or violin family instrument.

Early Italian instruments, on the other hand, were so light in construction that they were treated rather like a violin: kept for storage in a protective outer case, and played after taking it out of its case and placing it on a table.

These styles generally have either two f-shaped soundholes like a violin ( F-5 and A-5 ), or an oval sound hole ( F-4 and A-4 and lower models ) directly under the strings.

Much of the development of the mandolin from Neapolitan bowl-back to the flat-back style ( actually, gently rounded and carved like a violin ) is attributable to Orville Gibson ( 1856 – 1918 ).

Some sawists play standing, either with the handle between the knees and the blade sticking out in front of them, or with the handle under the chin ( like a violin ).

Lithman's guitar playing technique earned him the nickname Snakefinger, after his frantic playing on the violin during the performance with the Residents at The Boarding House in San Francisco 1971, where his fingers ' speed made them look like snakes in the eyes of the less-musically proficient, but imaginative Residents.

The oldest documented violin to have four strings, like the modern violin, is supposed to have been constructed in 1555 by Andrea Amati, but the date is very doubtful.

The viola, just like the violin, is placed on top of the left-hand shoulder between the the shoulder and the left side of the face ( chin ).

The stick's curvature is generally convex as were violin bows of the period, rather than concave like a modern violin bow.

In the early 20th century, the Stroh violin used a diaphragm-type resonator and a metal horn to project the string sound, much like early mechanical gramophones.

Some of their famous sound effects included a rapid bongo drum take used for when a character's feet were scrambling before taking off, a " KaBONG " sound produced on a guitar for when Quick Draw McGraw, in his Zorro-style " El Kabong " crime fighting guise, would smash a guitar over a villain's head, the sound of a car's brake drum combined with a bulb horn for when Fred Flintstone would drop his bowling ball onto his foot, an automobile's tires squealing with a " skipping " effect added for when someone would slide to a sudden stop, a bass-drum-and-cymbal combination called the " Boom Crash " for when someone would fall down or smack into an object, a xylophone being struck rapidly on the same note for a tip-toeing effect, and a violin being plucked with the tuning pegs being raised to simulate something like pulling out a cat's whisker.

These spiders usually have markings on the dorsal side of their cephalothorax, with a black line coming from it that looks like a violin with the neck of the violin pointing to the rear of the spider, resulting in the nicknames fiddleback spider, brown fiddler, or violin spider.

Bands that supplement a folk instrument like the violin with keyboards include Skyclad, Mägo de Oz, and Tuatha de Danann.

* David Hayward as Kenny Frasier, a loner who " looks like Howdy Doody ", carries a violin case and rents a room from Mr. Green.