The International Committee of the Red Cross ’ s Commentary on the Additional Protocols of 8 June 1977 to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 similarly elaborates that “ other forms of non-participation in a conflict have been added to neutrality as defined by treaty and customary law ,” and that “ it would have sufficed to use the expression ‘ not engaged in the conflict ’ or ‘ not Party to the conflict ’” in lieu of using the term ‘ neutral .’ The Commentary explicitly states that the term ‘ neutral ’ “ should be interpreted as covering non-participation in conflicts in general, as well as neutrality in the proper sense of the word .” Therefore, all non-belligerence is a form of neutrality, which means that neutrality includes the entire range of states not formally participating in international armed conflict such as de facto belligerents, non-participants who do not claim neutrality, temporary declared neutrals, and even long-standing neutrals.

Official figures state Rakhine State's population as 3, 983, 330. while population estimation ( in lieu of lack of proper census since 1983 ) for 2010 placed the state's population at 4 million.

If a proper identification cannot be made in lieu of a ticket, some police departments send out a notice of violation to the owner of the vehicle, requesting identifying information so that a ticket may later be issued.

A single version of " Maybe I'm Amazed " appeared just ahead of the album, featuring a studio version of the song in lieu of the live version presented on the album proper.

In lieu of a proper coronation, Max constantly schemes to steal the royal treasure with the help of his hench-hounds Fang & Snarl and his jester Shecky.

In addition, in lieu of making another music video for her Strange Angels album, Anderson taped a series of 1-to 2-minute " Personal Service Announcements " in which she spoke about issues such as the U. S. national debt and the arts scene.

True Master briefly tried his hand at more compositional keyboard-based productions in lieu of his signature sample-based style on the Gravediggaz album Nightmare in A Minor.

In the modern day music business, it is not uncommon for a remix album to be released in lieu of a re-release when an album's performance does not meet expectations.

The album was released in the U. S. by Columbia Records on November 10, 1972 ( see 1972 in music ) in lieu of any new Byrds ' product during that year.

" The family also announced that they had established a scholarship fund at the American Film Institute in Scott's name, stating: " The family ask that in lieu of flowers, donations be made to the fund to help encourage and engage future generations of filmmakers.

In lieu of a theme song and opening of the movie, Tashlin instead over laid traditional opening credits to faux television commercials for products that failed to deliver what they promise.

The White wool version was to be worn in lieu of the standard version, thus it was identical to the regular cap, with the exception of having bare aluminum buttons instead of painted ones.

These benefits were agreed upon in lieu of a more traditional stock package because, according to Welch, he did not want more money, preferring instead to retain the lifestyle he had enjoyed as CEO once he retired.

* Urkonn – A demon who trains Mel as a Slayer in lieu of her actual Watcher ( who instead immolates himself ).

In lieu of padding, flexible materials, such as wicker, may be used instead with similar effects of distributing the weight.

Time off in lieu ; compensatory time ; or comp time refers to a type of work schedule arrangement that allows ( or requires ) workers to take time off instead of, or in addition to, receiving overtime pay.

Payment in lieu of taxes ( PILOT ) is an agreement under which a company can pay the city an agreed-upon amount instead of the property taxes they would normally be assessed.

The Chevette Rally 1. 6, included a 1. 6-liter ( 98 cu in ) engine in lieu of the 1. 4-liter ( 85 cu in ) overhead-cam four-cylinder, rated at instead of.

In the Pacific Northwest, a popular variant is ground salmon patty ( instead of ground beef ) and dill Havarti ( in lieu of the more common Cheddar ).

There is also the notion of a descending filtration, which is required to satisfy in lieu of ( and, occasionally, instead of ).

The sequence however was slightly different, with Sergeants ’ ranks being limited to two only ; Captains were identified by three bars instead of two as per in the US Armed Services, whilst Majors had a five-point gilded star in lieu of a leaf.

The only difference in the two compounds is an alicyclic cyclohexyl group is used in lieu of the aromatic phenyl group of methamphetamine, so propylhexedrine is not an amphetamine, nor even a phenethylamine, but instead can be referred to as a cycloalkylamine.

In the fall of 1995, the station began to air children's programming from The WB Television Network ( known as Kids ' WB ) in lieu of WB affiliate WGN-TV ( channel 9 ), which continued to air their morning newscast and afternoon sitcom block instead.

In lieu of a public viewing at the Basilica of St. John Lateran, as was tradition, immense digital screens instead broadcast the Mass of Requiem and subsequent Rite of Interment to those in the pope's cathedral church outside the confines of Vatican City.

Its main advantages include making possible the use of cab signalling instead of track-side signals and the use of smooth deceleration patterns in lieu of the rigid stops encountered with the older ATS technology.

" instead of ", " in lieu of "

These errors include the misspelling of the title, as " Wozzeck " instead of " Woyzeck ", an alternate ending that involves Wozzeck drowning in lieu of Büchner's incomplete manuscript, and a fragmented plot without connections between the scenes.

Initially, Francesa reported that both he and Russo would host the radiothon in lieu of Imus ; however, this plan was soon amended to allow Imus ' wife Deidre Imus, and Charles McCord to host instead.

( At the end of Mass, the priest, having turned to the people, in lieu of saying the ' Ite missa est ', will bray thrice ; the people instead of replying ' Deo Gratias ' say, ' Hinham, hinham, hinham.

This film was a compilation of the first five episodes of the new television series, She-Ra: Princess of Power, which ran for 93 episodes from 1985 to 1986, and was produced in lieu of continuing He-Man and the Masters of the Universe for a third year.

A noticeably different variant incorporating earlier Westley-Richards ideas for a flat-spring driven hammer within the receiver ( in lieu of the coil-spring powered striker of the von Martini design ) known as the Gahendra rifle was produced locally in Nepal.

In lieu of commercials, Nick GAS aired interstitial segments, some of which were produced at Nickelodeon On Sunset and the defunct Nickelodeon Studios at Universal Studios Florida.

In lieu of a scroll wheel, some mice include a tiny trackball sometimes called a scroll ball.

The law therefore gave the railroad what was called " in lieu " lands further west.

Frank Costanza's son, George ( Jason Alexander ), creates donation cards for a fake charity called The Human Fund ( with the slogan " Money For People ") in lieu of having to give office Christmas presents.

Since the mid 1990s, television producers and networks have increasingly used presentation tapes called " demos " in lieu of full-length pilots.

or " FRED ," ( also called an end-of-train device, ETD or EOT ) is an electronic device mounted on the end of freight trains in lieu of a caboose.

Thus, L. A, not New York, got an expansion team called the Stars after the Giants moved to Minnesota in lieu of San Francisco.

The block itself can be considered a show as it consists of a short segment hosted by a personality formerly called a PJ ( program jockey ) that airs in the space between the actual television shows, often in lieu of commercials.

An additional exhibition was held in 2012, in lieu of the museums closing due to renovations, at the United Nations Headquarters called " Design With the Other 90 % Cities ," about design and global issues.

Brizola quickly restored his position of political prominence in his home state of Rio Grande do Sul, at the same time acquiring political preeminence in the State of Rio de Janeiro, where, en lieu of associating with official trade unionism, he searched a basis of support among the unorganized urban poor, by means of an ideological tie-in between traditional radical nationalism and a charismatic lumpen-friendly populism, in what a scholar called " the aesthetics of the ugly ": for his accusers, Brizola and his Brizolismo stood for shady deals with the dangerous classes ; for its supporters, they stood for the empowerment ( although in a paternalistic fashion ) of the destitute, the lowest, least organized and poorest layers of the working classes (" Politics, from a Brizolista viewpoint, is above all to assume a radical option for the poor and the meek ").

A show called CinéMagique was built in lieu of the ride due to claims by Disney management that the French preferred shows to ride-through attractions.

After an immediate transmitter power off, in lieu of the Indian Head Test Card and its sine wave tone, a TV viewer heard a loud audio hiss like FM radio interstation noise and saw the video noise colloquially called snow ( but resembling " bugs " following a TV-system technical improvement ).

Gattinara had drawn up advance drafts of war plans against Italy, in which he stresses that since God called Charles to be the first prince of Christendom it was fitting that he turn his attention to Italy, saying that anyone who counseled Charles against pursuing Italy in lieu of interest elsewhere was prescribing the king ’ s ruin, shame and blame.

This leaves everything to Miss Cresswell in lieu of unpaid wages as Miss Greenshaw is determined that nothing will come to her last-living relative, her nephew and the son of a roguish man called Harry Fletcher who ran away with one of her sisters.

During the Depression, President Herbert Hoover called for a reduction in work hours in lieu of layoffs.

Starting in July 2005, Woot began occasionally offering a blind grab bag officially called " Random Crap ", in lieu of typical product sales.

Only two portions of the original presidio quadrangle survive to this day: the Cañedo Adobe, named for José María Cañedo, the Soldado de Cuera to whom it was deeded in lieu of back pay when the Presidio fell to inactivity, and the remnants of a two-room soldiers quarters, called El Cuartel.

" In lieu of being discharged for his behavior, he was chosen to participate in a secret government project called the " Desolation Test.