He also began to study the comparative linguistics of the Uto-Aztecan language family, which Edward Sapir had recently demonstrated to be a linguistic family.

A most prolific writer, he published a string of grammars, several dictionaries, comparative work, and a history of Bantu linguistics.

These metrical inconsistencies ( along with a knowledge of comparative linguistics ) have led scholars to infer the presence of a lost digamma in the original Ionic text of the poem.

The Stammbaumtheorie proved to be very productive for comparative linguistics, but didn't solve the major problem of studying the origin of language: the lack of fossil records.

Sapir was the first to prove that the methods of comparative linguistics were equally valid when applied to indigenous languages.

In the 1929 edition of Encyclopedia Britannica he published what was then the most authoritative classification of Native American languages, and the first based on evidence from modern comparative linguistics.

The professor of Germanic linguistics, William Carpenter based the study of Germanic languages on the methods of comparative linguistics that were being developed into a more scientific framework, than the traditional philological approach.

The Comparative Grammar of Franz Bopp, the starting point of modern comparative linguistics, came out in 1833.

The existence of such early attested corpora makes it a language of considerable interest in comparative linguistics.

The classical phase of Indo-European comparative linguistics leads from Franz Bopp's Comparative Grammar ( 1833 ) to August Schleicher's 1861 Compendium and up to Karl Brugmann's Grundriss, published in the 1880s.

Membership of languages in the same language family is established by comparative linguistics.

For this reason Ganda linguists use the orthogonal numbering system when discussing Ganda grammar ( other than in the context of Bantu comparative linguistics ), giving the 10 traditional noun classes of that language.

The comparative linguistics branch of philology studies the relationship between languages.

His third annual discourse before the Asiatic Society on the history and culture of the Hindus ( delivered on 2 February 1786 and published in 1788 ) with the famed " philologer " passage is often cited as the beginning of comparative linguistics and Indo-European studies.

But the rise of Indo-European comparative linguistics absorbed so much attention and enthusiasm that Uralic linguistics was all but eclipsed in Europe ; in Hungary, the only European country that would have had a vested interest in the family ( Finland and Estonia being under Russian rule ), the political climate was too hostile for the development of Uralic comparative linguistics.

* February 2 – In a speech before The Asiatic Society in Calcutta, Sir William Jones notes the formal resemblances between Latin, Greek, and Sanskrit, laying the foundation for comparative linguistics and Indo-European studies.

This controversy of the late 19th century profoundly shaped modern approaches to the comparative method in historical linguistics and in creolistics.

In historical linguistics, an asterisk immediately before a word indicates that the word is not directly attested, but has been reconstructed on the basis of other linguistic material ( see also comparative method ).

To demonstrate the indeterminacy of legal doctrine, these scholars often adopts a method, such as structuralism in linguistics or deconstruction in continental philosophy, to make explicit the deep structure of categories and tensions at work in legal texts and talk.

* Combinatorial method ( linguistics )

In linguistics the term orthography is often used to refer to any method of writing a language, without judgment as to right and wrong, with a scientific understanding that orthographic standardization exists on a spectrum of strength of convention.

In addition to problems in science and mathematics, the method has been applied to: finance, social science, environmental risk assessment, linguistics, radiation therapy, sports, and many other fields.

The biological origin of language is in principle a concern of historical linguistics, but most linguists regard it as too remote to be reliably established by standard techniques of historical linguistics, such as the comparative method.

2007 < http :// www. britannica. com / eb / article-27199 >.</ ref > Today languages are classified based on the method of comparative linguistics rather than their typological features.

After the Enlightenment, many Jews began to participate in wider European society, where they engaged in study related to critical methods of textual analysis, including both lower and higher criticism, the modern historical method, hermeneutics, and fields relevant to Bible study such as near-Eastern archaeology and linguistics.

In the field of historical and comparative linguistics, sequence alignment has been used to partially automate the comparative method by which linguists traditionally reconstruct languages.

A general subgrouping based on the application of the comparative method of historical linguistics presently results in the following simplified classification dating in its broad outlines from the 1960s:

Lexicostatistics is a tool that linguistic relations through the comparative method of historical linguistics ( identification of demonstrable shared innovations ) but only 100 or 200 words from Swadesh lists are used and since Pawley's 1966 publication, teasing out the ancient relationships of the Polynesian languages and the proofs of shared innovations.

The procedure " wrongly " groups Tikopian with Ellicean, the only matter at variance with the comparative method of historical linguistics.

** Morphological typology, in linguistics, a method of classifying languages

Statistical analyses designed to pick up signals too faint to be detected by the comparative method, though of disputed validity, suggest five major Papuan stocks ( roughly Trans – New Guinea, West, North, East, and South Papuan languages ); long-range comparison has also suggested connections between selected languages, but again the methodology is not orthodox in historical linguistics.

Today CA is an established method used in sociology, anthropology, linguistics, speech-communication and psychology.

* Regular sound correspondence ( linguistics ), see Comparative method

* 1925: La méthode comparative en linguistique historique ( The comparative method in historical linguistics translated by Gordon B. Ford, Jr., 1966 )

The fundamental technique of comparative linguistics is to compare phonological systems, morphological systems, syntax and the lexicon of two or more languages using techniques such as the comparative method.

Comparative linguistics includes the study of the historical relationships of languages using the comparative method to search for regular ( i. e. recurring ) correspondences between the languages ' phonology, grammar and core vocabulary, and through hypothesis testing ; some persons with little or no specialization in the field sometimes attempt to establish historical associations between languages by noting similarities between them, in a way that is considered pseudoscientific by specialists ( e. g. African / Egyptian comparisons ).

To some who study " linguistics ", they feel that a common method is used by a casual observer that is applied in language comparisons to search two or more languages for words that seem similar in their sound and meaning.

The field of artificial chemistry originated in artificial life but has shown to be a versatile method with applications in many fields such as chemistry, economics, sociology and linguistics.

But it is worth pondering that very little has been published on any phase of field techniques in linguistics.

The joint investigations of linguistics and psychiatry have established, in point of fact, that no matter what the subject of conversation is or what words are involved, it is impossible for people to talk at all without telling over and over again what sort of people they are and how they relate to the rest of the world.

In the United States, anthropology is traditionally divided into five sub-fields, each with additional branches: biological or physical anthropology, social anthropology or cultural anthropology, archaeology and anthropological linguistics.

In linguistics, an allomorph is a variant form of a morpheme.

In linguistics, ablative case ( abbreviated ) is a cases ( noun inflections ) in various languages whose common characteristic is that inter alia they mark motion away from something, though the details in each language may differ.

Abstraction is frequently applied in linguistics so as to allow phenomena of language to be analyzed at the desired level of detail.

When murmur is included under the term aspiration, as is common in Indo-Aryan linguistics, " voiceless aspiration " is called just that to avoid ambiguity.

This debate is analogous to that surrounding the Sapir – Whorf hypothesis in linguistics and cognitive science, which postulates that a particular spoken language's nature influences the habitual thought of its speakers.

Computational linguistics is an interdisciplinary field dealing with the statistical or rule-based modeling of natural language from a computational perspective.

Computational linguistics as a field predates artificial intelligence, a field under which it is often grouped.

Nowadays research within the scope of computational linguistics is done at computational linguistics departments, computational linguistics laboratories, computer science departments, and linguistics departments .< ref >

Cognitive science is an interdisciplinary field with contributors from various fields, including psychology, neuroscience, linguistics, philosophy of mind, computer science, anthropology, sociology, and biology.

The study of language processing in cognitive science is closely tied to the field of linguistics.

In linguistics, a copula ( plural: copulas or copulae ) is a word used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate ( a subject complement ).

In linguistics, a collective noun is the name of a number ( or collection ) of people or things taken together and spoken of as one whole.

In linguistics, creaky voice ( sometimes called laryngealisation, pulse phonation, vocal fry, or glottal fry ), is a special kind of phonation in which the arytenoid cartilages in the larynx are drawn together ; as a result, the vocal folds are compressed rather tightly, becoming relatively slack and compact.

Westermann is seen as one of the founders of modern African linguistics.