The fortifications, known to the British as the Spanish Lines, and to Spain as La Línea de Contravalación were the origin of modern-day town of La Línea de la Concepción.

The Iberian Peninsula ( Asturian, Galician, Leonese, Mirandese, Portuguese and,, Aragonese and,, ), commonly called Iberia, is a peninsula located in the extreme southwest of Europe and includes the modern-day sovereign states of Spain, Portugal and Andorra, as well as the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar.

This use of the expression Latin derives from the cultural distinctions between the Romance language countries of modern-day Italy, Spain, France and Portugal ; and other European nations, including the Germanic countries of Northwestern and Central Europe.

While the Visigoths were invading, in 406 the Alans, Vandals, and Suevi crossed into Gaul ; over the next three years they spread across Gaul and in 409 crossed the Pyrenees Mountains into modern-day Spain.

* September 4 – El Tercio de Extranjeros, the " Regiment of Foreigners " ( modern-day Spanish Legion )-which was formed by the Royal decree of King Alfonso XIII on January 28, 1920-is inaugurated in Spain.

* Albert VII ( 1559 – 1621 ), Archduke of Austria and governor ( 1596 – 1598 ) and Co-sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands ( modern-day Belgium and Luxembourg ) with Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain, held position ( as Co-sovereign ) 1598 – 1621

* Iberian Peninsula, in Southwest Europe, location of modern-day Portugal and Spain

For them, the war lasted until 1648 ( the Peace of Westphalia ), when Spain recognized the independence of the Netherlands, but held onto the loyal and Catholic region of modern-day Belgium which was all that remained of the Spanish Netherlands.

He was born in Córdoba, Al Andalus, modern-day Spain, and died in Marrakesh, Morocco.

* From his headquarters at Tarraco ( Tarragona ), Publius Cornelius Scipio, the Roman commander in Spain, launches a combined military and naval assault on the Carthaginian headquarters at Carthago Nova ( modern-day Cartagena ).

* Gaius Marius is praetor in Rome, he defeats tribes in modern-day Spain.

Although their identity is still a matter of debate, some theories posit that they spoke an Afro-Asiatic language, and that they separated from the Berbers in North Africa and moved into Spain and then further north to the south of modern-day France.

The philosophers Moses Maimonides ( a Jew born in Muslim Spain ) and Ibn Khaldun ( born in modern-day Tunisia ), the father of sociology and historiography, were also important philosophers, though the latter did not identify himself as a falsafa, but rather a kalam author.

In the former Spanish-held northern New Spain ( modern-day Southwestern United States ), some Hispanic Roman Catholics have stated a belief that they are descended from crypto-Jews and have started practicing Judaism.

Following the discovery of the New World by Christopher Columbus in 1492, and of the Philippines by Ferdinand Magellan in 1521, expeditions led by conquistadors in the 16th century established trading routes between these areas under the control of the Crown of Castile ( modern-day Spain ).

* Granada, a modern-day city in Spain

After finally reaching the colonized lands of New Spain where he encountered fellow Spaniards near modern-day Culiacán, Cabeza de Vaca went on to Mexico City.

He traveled on April 2, 1786, to the modern-day Dubrovnik ( a vassal city of the Ottoman Empire, then better known with other, Italian name Ragusa ), and then to Constantinople in Turkey ( until September 23, 1786 ), Russia, ( from September 26, 1786 until September 7, 1787, slightly under one year ), Sweden, ( in Stockholm as from September 10, 1787 until November 2, 1787 ), Norway, from November 10, 1787 until departing from Karlskrona in Sweden from December 17, 1787 ), Denmark ( from September 23, 1787 until March 10, 1788 after being received in Denmark orders of capture from Spain no later than January 22, 1788 ), the Free Hanseatic Town of Hamburg, ( from ( April 1, 1788 until the April 27, 1788 ), the Free Town of Bremen, ( leaving on April 27 ), Holland, ( from around the May 2, 1788 until around June 16, 1788 ), some actual Belgian towns and German cities along the Rhine river, Swiss Basel, ( arrival July 30, 1788, and then again after touring German-speaking Switzerland on October 12, 1788 ), Swiss Geneva ( arrival September 25, 1788 ), and France, ( entry around the 3rd and 4th weeks of September 1788, two stays in Marseilles, the second departing there towards Bordeaux on February 26, 1789 via inland waterways ), travels to Rouen, Le Havre and Paris around May 5, 1789, getting papers as " Mr. Meeroff from Livonia " to arrive in Dover, ( England ) and then London on June 19, 1789, taking lodgings at the house of his British friend, " A Barlow ", at 47 Jermyn Street ).

The land south of modern-day Tennessee was either still claimed by Georgia or disputed with Spain.

Particularly in Spain, the Andes, northern Mexico, and the modern-day American Southwest, acequias are usually historically engineered canals that carry snow runoff or river water to distant fields.

Iberian refers to Iberia, which has two basic meanings, the disused, of Caucasian Iberia ( corresponding roughly to modern-day Georgia and still used on Greece's Holy Mountain ), and the modern sense of someone or something originating in the Iberian Peninsula, namely from Portugal and Spain.

Veta madre, for instance, is the name given to an silver vein discovered in 1548 in Guanajuato, New Spain ( modern-day Mexico ).

According to research done by Professor Henry Louis Gates, Jr., of Harvard University, in 2010 for the PBS series Faces of America, Longoria's Spanish ancestry can be traced back to her ninth great-grandfather, Lorenzo Suarez de Longoria ( b. Oviedo, 1592 ), who emigrated to the Viceroyalty of New Spain in 1603 ( now modern-day Mexico ), and whose family originated from a small village called Llongoria, Belmonte de Miranda, Asturias, Spain.

The type species, A. sarcophagus, was apparently restricted in range to the modern-day Canadian province of Alberta, after which the genus is named.

Public interest in, and debate over, Hill's testimony is said to have launched modern-day public awareness and open discussion of the issue of workplace sexual harassment in the United States with the ultimate result that the behavior is less tolerated today.

It is surmised from the writings of Al Biruni that some Afghans who lived in west of India ( modern-day Afghanistan ) had not been completely converted to Islam.

Units of the Bonn legion were deployed to theatres of war ranging from modern-day Algeria to what is now the Russian republic of Chechnya.

He is referring to the twinned monasteries of Monkwearmouth and Jarrow, near modern-day Newcastle, claimed as his birthplace, there is also a tradition that he was born at Monkton, two miles from the monastery at Jarrow.

Bambara is a language / dialect of the Manding language cluster, a cluster of languages whose ethnic-speakers generally trace their cultural history to the ancient city of Manding, where modern-day Kita, Mali now exists.

Contrary to the modern-day picture of the traditional tyrannical pirate, he commanded his vessels with the permission of their crews and there is no known account of his ever having harmed or murdered those he held captive.

It is located south of Asia Minor, the Anatolian peninsula of the Asian ( or Eurasian ) mainland ( now part of modern-day Turkey ), so it may be included in Western Asia or the Middle East: At a confluence of Western Asia, Southern Europe, and Northern Africa, Cyprus has had lengthy periods of mainly Greek and intermittent Anatolian, Levantine, Byzantine, and Western European influences.

This is one of the many issues being addressed by third wave feminism as well as the modern-day masculist movement.

The second set – from the later Shang or Yin ( 殷 ) period – is at Anyang, in modern-day Henan, which has been confirmed as the last of the Shang's nine capitals ( c. 1300 – 1046 BC ).

" The church teaches that " he most reliable way to measure the accuracy of any biblical passage is not by comparing different texts, but by comparison with the Book of Mormon and modern-day revelations ".

Acadian refugees, who largely came from what is now modern-day New Brunswick and Nova Scotia adapted their French rustic cuisine to local ingredients such as rice, crawfish, sugar cane, and sassafras.

The modern-day town of Ixcateopan in the state of Guerrero is home to an ossuary purportedly containing Cuauhtémoc's remains.

In addition to his administrative and legal impact on history, the Emperor Diocletian is considered to be the founder of the city of Split in modern-day Croatia.

Though there is little evidence supporting Aksumite control of the region at that time, his title, which includes king of Saba and Salhen, Himyar and Dhu-Raydan ( all in modern-day Yemen ), along with gold Aksumite coins with the inscriptions, " king of the Habshat " or " Habashite ," indicate that Aksum might have retained some legal or actual footing in the area.

The recession of the glaciers is so recent ( in geologic terms ) that modern-day drainage patterns are immature and poorly established.

In particular, the count of arithmetic operations is usually the focus of such questions, although actual performance on modern-day computers is determined by many other factors such as cache or CPU pipeline optimization.

A musket of several centuries ago is still similar in principle to a modern-day assault rifle-using the expansion of gases to propel projectiles over long distances-albeit less accurately and rapidly.

One custom that persists in modern-day Ireland is the baking ( or more often nowadays, the purchase ) of a barmbrack (), which is a light fruitcake, into which a plain ring, a coin and other charms are placed before baking.

The rediscovered Greek city of Buthrotum () ( modern-day Butrint ), a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is probably more significant today than it was when Julius Caesar used it as a provisions depot for his troops during his campaigns in the 1st century BC.

Just prior to Saharan desertification, the communities that developed south of Egypt in what is now modern-day Sudan were full participants in the Neolithic revolution and lived a settled to semi-nomadic lifestyle, with domesticated plants and animals.