In law, an abstract is a brief statement that contains the most important points of a long legal document or of several related legal papers.

" The Chicago Daily Tribune called it “ One of the most spectacular crimes of the 20th century, and what is believed to be the first airplane kidnap murder on record .” Because it occurred somewhere over three Missouri counties, and involved interstate transport of a stolen airplane, it raised questions in legal circles about where, by whom, and even whether he could be prosecuted.

In North America and most of Europe, legal blindness is defined as visual acuity ( vision ) of 20 / 200 ( 6 / 60 ) or less in the better eye with best correction possible.

The " cow " derivation depends most immediately on the Old Irish legal term for " outsider :" amboue, from proto-Celtic * ambouios, " not a cattle owner.

The absence of privacy and anti-discrimination legal protections in most countries can lead to discrimination in employment or insurance or other use of personal genetic information.

Moreover, as with most engineers, they often deal with management, economic and legal issues.

In most legal systems, the appointment and removal of directors is voted upon by the shareholders in general meeting or through a proxy statement.

Blood alcohol content ( BAC ), also called blood alcohol concentration, blood ethanol concentration, or blood alcohol level is most commonly used as a metric of alcohol intoxication for legal or medical purposes.

By contrast, in civil law jurisdictions ( the legal tradition that prevails in, or is combined with common law in, Europe and most non-Islamic, non-common law countries ), courts lack authority to act where there is no statute, and judicial precedent is given less interpretive weight ( which means that a judge deciding a given case has more freedom to interpret the text of a statute independently, and less predictably ), and scholarly literature is given more.

Copyright is a legal concept, enacted by most governments, giving the creator of an original work exclusive rights to it, usually for a limited time.

The Cyprus legal system is founded on English law, and is therefore familiar to most international financiers.

Such devices are required by environmental legislation for cars in most countries, and may be necessary in large combustion devices, such as thermal power stations, to reach legal emission standards.

In 715, the Neustrian noblesse proclaimed Ragenfrid mayor of their palace on behalf of, and apparently with the support of, Dagobert III, who in theory had the legal authority to select a mayor, though by this time the Merovingian dynasty had lost most such powers.

The most prominent kind of company, usually referred to as a " corporation ", is a " juristic person ", i. e. it has separate legal personality, and those who invest money into the business have limited liability for any losses the company makes, governed by corporate law.

As with most Emperors, much of Diocletian's daily routine rotated around legal affairs — responding to appeals and petitions, and delivering decisions on disputed matters.

Under US law and the laws of most other developed countries, derivatives have special legal exemptions that make them a particularly attractive legal form to extend credit.

Armstrong and De Forest fought a protracted legal battle over the rights to the " regenerative " oscillator circuit which has been called " the most complicated patent litigation in the history of radio ".

While St. Louis University completed the first legal forward pass in the first half of September, this accomplishment was in part because most schools did not begin their football schedule until early October.

By the start of the fourteenth century the word appeared in English texts, indicating all three senses: the most common one, the legal term and the archaic usage.

For these social and religious reasons, most legal jurisdictions limit gambling.

Nonetheless, both insurance and gambling contracts are typically considered aleatory contracts under most legal systems, though they are subject to different types of regulation.

Beginning with the replacement of the Reichsmark with the Deutsche Mark as legal tender, a lasting period of low inflation and rapid industrial growth was overseen by the government led by German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer and his minister of economics, Ludwig Erhard, raising West Germany from total wartime devastation to one of the most developed nations in modern Europe.

Government is most commonly used narrowly to refer to the political, administrative, hierachical organization that directly determines and upholds a legal system within a complex society.

Unlike most Common-law jurisdictions, the majority of civil law jurisdictions have specialized courts or sections to deal with administrative cases which, as a rule, will apply procedural rules specifically designed for such cases and different from that applied in private-law proceedings, such as contract or tort claims.

Chapter 11 retains many of the features present in all, or most, bankruptcy proceedings in the U. S. It provides additional tools for debtors as well.

The power of the Gestapo most open to misuse was called Schutzhaft —" protective custody ", a euphemism for the power to imprison people without judicial proceedings.

Congress regards impeachment as a power to be used only in extreme cases ; the House has initiated impeachment proceedings only 64 times since 1789 ( most recently against Judge Thomas Porteous of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana ) with only the following 19 of these proceedings actually resulting in the House passing Articles of Impeachment:

Elections for the two legislative chambers — a 35-seat full-time assembly and a 70-seat part-time assembly — were held in February 1995 after campaigns considered remarkably free and open by most international observers, although the election-day proceedings were marred by widespread irregularities.

Elections for the two legislative chambers – a 35-seat full-time assembly and a 70-seat part-time assembly – were held in February 1995 after campaigns considered remarkably free and open by most international observers, although the election-day proceedings were marred by widespread irregularities.

Note that complete electronic copies of the Trials of War Criminals Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals Under Control Council Law No. 10 are available online, as are most of the other proceedings from the Nuremberg Trials.

In most Canadian criminal proceedings, the Crown has the ability to recommend a lighter sentence than it would seek following a guilty verdict in exchange for a guilty plea.

In Estonia, plea bargaining was introduced in the 1990s: the penalty is reduced in exchange for confession and avoiding most of the court proceedings.

Though certainly a strong partisan of the Hildebrandine reforms, Desiderius belonged to the moderate party and could not always see eye-to-eye with Pope Gregory VII in his most intransigent proceedings.

Perhaps the most important of the Rules of Evidence is that, in general, hearsay testimony is inadmissible ( although there are many exceptions to this rule ). the United Kingdom the Civil Evidence Act 1995 sec 1 specifically allows for admission of ' hearsay ' evidence, legislation also allows for ' hearsay ' evedence to be used in criminal proceedings.

In some countries, sharia courts, with their tradition of pro se representation, simple rules of evidence, and absence of appeals courts, prosecutors, cross examination, complex documentary evidence and discovery proceedings, juries and voir dire proceedings, circumstantial evidence, forensics, case law, standardized codes, exclusionary rules, and most of the other infrastructure of civil and common law court systems, have as a result, comparatively informal and streamlined proceedings.

In most court proceedings there are many limitations on when hearsay evidence is admissible.

Prior to trial, most proceedings in non-criminal courts are conducted via papers filed in the court, often through lawyers.

Durham returned to help with arranging and composing, but for the most part, the orchestra worked out its numbers in rehearsal, with Basie guiding the proceedings.

In its most general sense, the practice of law involves giving legal advice to clients, drafting legal documents for clients, and representing clients in legal negotiations and court proceedings such as lawsuits, and is applied to the professional services of a lawyer or attorney at law, barrister, solicitor, or civil law notary.

The official report of these proceedings described the convention as the " largest and in all probability the most important Convention ever held " by the organization, in part for having engineered the " overwhelming defeat of the so-called Radical element " via crushing a " One Big Union proposition ", and also for defeating a proposal for a nationwide general strike, both " by a vote of more than 20 to 1.

Family law proceedings which involve issues of residence and contact often generate the most acrimonious disputes.

" Ruskin confirmed this in his statement to his lawyer during the annulment proceedings: " It may be thought strange that I could abstain from a woman who to most people was so attractive.

Future Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall sat in on most of the proceedings and declared that he saw a prejudiced court.

His Thomas Wolsey, Late Cardinall, his Lyffe and Deathe is described by the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography as the " most important single contemporary source for Wolsey's life " which also offers a " detailed picture of early sixteenth-century court life and of political events in the 1520s, particularly the divorce proceedings against Catherine of Aragon.