Early pop music drew on the sentimental ballad for its form, gained its use of vocal harmonies from gospel and soul music, instrumentation from jazz, country, and rock music, orchestration from classical music, tempo from dance music, backing from electronic music, rhythmic elements from hip-hop music, and has recently appropriated spoken passages from rap.

In terms of adaptation, orchestration applies, strictly speaking, only to writing for orchestra, whereas the term instrumentation applies to instruments used in the texture of the piece.

In the study of orchestration – in contradistinction to the practice – the term instrumentation may also refer to consideration of the defining characteristics of individual instruments rather than to the art of combining instruments.

* Hector Berlioz ( 1844 ), revised in 1905 by Richard Strauss: Grand traité d ’ instrumentation et d ’ orchestration modernes ( Treatise on Instrumentation ).

Useful skills in composition include writing musical notation, music theory, instrumentation, and handling musical ensembles ( orchestration ).

As Wagner had included some indication of the orchestration in the draft, he decided to move straight on to developing a full orchestral score in January 1855 without bothering to write an intermediate instrumentation draft as he had done for Das Rheingold.

* A treatise upon modern instrumentation and orchestration by Hector Berlioz

Her music fused elements of Eastern and Western instrumentation, orchestration and dance-beat.

Modern klezmer instrumentation is more commonly influenced by the instruments of the 19th century military bands than the earlier orchestras. The orchestration employed by Joel Rubin — one of the most experienced and knowledgeable contemporary klezmer musicians — represents a historically justified link with that of contemporary ethnic music ensembles of Romania and Hungary.

It is based very closely on Gershwin's original instrumental and vocal scoring, the principal recasting being the use of standard concert-orchestra instrumentation, eliminating the clarinet-saxophone doubling specified in Gershwin's 1935 orchestration.

Respectively, he created scores of the first three numbers of the ballet, then the orchestration in the fall and winter, and was still struggling with the instrumentation in the spring.

However, in the short score there are occasional indications of instrumentation, and some of the orchestration may be surmised from the three movements of the orchestral draft, from which the probable forces include: four flutes, one piccolo, four oboes, four clarinets in B flat and A, with one doubling E flat, three bassoons, two contrabassoons, four horns, four trumpets, four trombones, a tuba, two sets of timpani, tam tam, a large muffled military drum, harp and strings ( first and second violins, violas, cellos and double basses ).

Strauss, however, mentions both instruments in his 1904 revision of Hector Berlioz's Grand Traité d ' instrumentation et d ' orchestration modernes, and ( like Varèse ) specifies the instrument by name in his orchestral scores, so preventing any ambiguity.

It is based very closely on Gershwin's original instrumental and vocal scoring, the principal recasting being the use of standard concert-orchestra instrumentation, and eliminating the clarinet-saxophone doubling specified in Gershwin's 1935 orchestration.

The instrumentation and orchestration create an elegiac setting that complement Wakeford's lyrical expressions of the tyranny of love, the snuffing out of youth, the beckoning hand of death.

He later moved to Disney, and when Disney relocated to Los Angeles, Giacchino moved with them, working in publicity, while taking night classes in instrumentation and orchestration at UCLA.

One release, with the working title of Aquarius Rising, is anticipated to include expanded instrumentation and orchestration.

With a few horn passages, an occasional brief clarinet or oboe solo on the simplest, most natural basis of orchestration, Schubert achieves sound effects which no refinement of Wagner's instrumentation ever attains.

With the exception of a few spots, Milhaud's music mostly churns away with his usual collection of ditties, odd harmonies, and lumbering, satiric orchestration.

His last group of operas, composed for Rome, exhibit a deeper poetic feeling, a broad and dignified style of melody, a strong dramatic sense, especially in accompanied recitatives, a device which he himself had been the first to use as early as 1686 ( Olimpia vendicata ) and a much more modern style of orchestration, the horns appearing for the first time, and being treated with striking effect.

A cappella has been used as the sole orchestration for original works of Musical Theater that have had commercial runs Off-Broadway ( theaters in New York City with 99 to 500 seats ) only three times.

Regulation is the complex orchestration of events starting with an extracellular signal such as a hormone and leading to an increase or decrease in the activity of one or more proteins.

Elfman was apprehensive at first because of his lack of formal training, but with orchestration assistance from Oingo Boingo guitarist and arranger Steve Bartek, he achieved his goal of emulating the mood of such composers as Nino Rota and Bernard Herrmann.

His music is modern without being modernist, combining a reverence for the great Austro-German lineage of composers with very personal innovations in harmony and orchestration ( showing an awareness of the output of composers such as Debussy and Ravel, whose piano music he was known greatly to admire, along with a knowledge of more recent composers in his own German-speaking realm, such as Schoenberg, Berg, Hindemith, etc .).

It featured further experimentation, with expanded use of synthesizers and mellotron orchestration.

During this period he studied under, among others, Alexander Winkler, Anatoly Lyadov, Nikolai Tcherepnin and Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov ( though when Rimsky-Korsakov died in 1908, Prokofiev noted that he had only studied orchestration with him ' after a fashion ' – that is, he was just one of many students in a heavily attended class — and regretted that he otherwise ' never had the opportunity to study with him ').

The orchestration involves a small ensemble with a good deal of doubling-up on instruments ( in the original performances, for example, some 7 players covered a total of 23 instrumental parts, though modern performances typically use a few more players ).

While it has not proved to be as immensely popular as the Verdi works that immediately preceded it, namely Aida and Otello, Falstaff has long been an admired favorite with critics and musicians because of its brilliant orchestration, scintillating libretto and refined melodic invention.

The music of Carmen has been widely acclaimed for its brilliance of melody, harmony, atmosphere and orchestration, and for the skill with which Bizet represented musically the emotions and suffering of his characters.

The rest of the opera was composed during the summer of 1841, with the Overture being written last, and by November 1841 the orchestration of the score was complete.

While critics have frequently dismissed the opera as a facile melodrama with confusions of plot — musicologist Joseph Kerman famously called it a " shabby little shocker "— the power of its score and the inventiveness of its orchestration have been widely acknowledged.

During his 5 years of study with Ginastera he would master orchestration which he later considered to be one of his strong points.

In 1946 Piazzolla formed his, Orquesta Típica, which although having a similar formation to other tango orchestras of the day, gave him his first opportunity to experiment with his own approach to the orchestration and musical content of tango.

Additionally in orchestration, notes may be placed into another register ( such as transposed down two octaves for the basses ), doubled ( both in the same and different octaves ), and altered with various levels of dynamics.

In depth information on orchestration including examples and video interviews with instrumentalists of each instrument.

While he disapproved of tampering with his own works once completed, orchestration gave him the opportunity to view works in a different context.

Not just fellow hyper-Romantic Tchaikovsky, but also members of The Five are indebted to these techniques, including Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, but even Modest Mussorgsky – often portrayed as uninterested in refined orchestration – revered Berlioz and died with a copy of Berlioz's Treatise on Instrumentation on his bed.

He brought it with him when he arrived in Venice for the rehearsals on 19 February and would continue to refine the orchestration during the rehearsal period.

Strauss, along with Gustav Mahler, represents the late flowering of German Romanticism after Richard Wagner, in which pioneering subtleties of orchestration are combined with an advanced harmonic style.

" Music analyst Alan Pollack praised " Hey Jude ," saying, " it's such a good illustration of two compositional lessons — how to fill a large canvas with simple means, and how to use diverse elements such as harmony, bassline, and orchestration to articulate form and contrast.

There are also 3 symphonies, which, while not displaying any originality in form or structure, nevertheless show Bruch at his best as a composer of fine melodic talent and a gift for orchestration, firmly in the tradition of the Romantics.