There was keen competition between the two from the introduction of the The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing | Algebra into Europe in the 12th century until its triumph in the 16th.

During the 20th century BC the Indo-European Hittites entered the region and gradually established a great empire which was destroyed by invaders in the 12th century.

The current consensus, based on terminology defined by the Pecos Classification, suggests their emergence around the 12th century BCE, during the archaeologically designated Early Basketmaker II Era.

A novel called Hayy ibn Yaqdhan, based on Avicenna's story, was later written by Ibn Tufail ( Abubacer ) in the 12th century and translated into Latin and English as Philosophus Autodidactus in the 17th and 18th centuries respectively.

These exceptions, introduced with a good object, had grown into a widespread evil by the 12th century, virtually creating an imperium in imperio, and depriving the bishop of all authority over the chief centres of influence in his diocese.

In the 12th century the abbots of Fulda claimed precedence of the archbishop of Cologne.

Although controversial at its time, the 13 principles laid out by the 12th century Spanish Jewish philosopher Maimonides are now considered mostly normative.

Gothic-This style prevailed between the 12th century and the 16th century in Europe.

The modern history of Abensberg, which is often incorrectly compared with that of the 3rd century Roman castra ( military outpost ) of Abusina, begins with Gebhard, who was the first to mention Abensberg as a town, in the middle of the 12th century.

Rebuilt by the emperor Justin I after an earthquake in the 6th century, it became Justinopolis ( 525 ); but the old native name persisted, and when Thoros I, king of Lesser Armenia, made it his capital early in the 12th century, it was known as Anazarva.

They are said to go back at least to the Greek poet Lycophron, in the third century BCE ; but this relies on an account of Lycophron given by John Tzetzes in the 12th century.

In the 12th century eddic prose Gylfaginning Snorri Sturluson relates it as the first of a series of abodes in heaven:

As a theologian Alain de Lille shared in the mystic reaction of the second half of the 12th century against the scholastic philosophy.

Brought back from Sippar to Susa as war prize in the 12th century BC

A popular legend, originating from 12th century chronicles, tells how when he first fled to the Somerset Levels, Alfred was given shelter by a peasant woman who, unaware of his identity, left him to watch some cakes she had left cooking on the fire.

Alger of Liège ( 1055 – 1131 ), known also as Alger of Cluny and Algerus Magister, was a learned clergyman from Liège who lived in the first half of the 12th century.

He was born in the latter part of the 12th century at Bennes, a village between Ollé and Chauffours in the diocese of Chartres.

In 1122 Afonso became fourteen, the adult age in the 12th century.

Dr. Alastair Northedge, a British archaeologist who wrote a book about findings in ' Anah, wrote that the minaret is ' commonly attributed to the Uqaylid ( dynasty ) and the 5th / 11th century ( AH / AD ), though ... more probably of the 6th / 12th century.

Ælfheah's shrine, which had become neglected, was rebuilt and expanded in the early 12th century under Anselm of Canterbury, who was instrumental in retaining Ælfheah's name in the church calendar.

A town that only became notable in the 12th century when it became the site for the construction of Portugal's largest church.

From the 12th to the 17th century “ handfasting ” in England referred to a ceremony, usually about a month prior to a church wedding, at which the marrying couple formally declared that each accepted the other as spouse.

According to the very few written documents that have survived, the church in Finland was still in its early development in the 12th century.

Image: georgeladoga. jpg | 12th century depiction of St. George in a church at the Russian village of Staraya Ladoga.

After the consolidation of the church and the assimilation of Scandinavia and its colonies into the mainstream of medieval Christian culture in the 11th and 12th centuries, native written sources begin to appear, in Latin and Old Norse.

It stands opposite a 12th century church that is itself of interest.

The 12th century church and the 20th century cubist-influenced sculptures exist in dramatic and surprising harmony.

* The church of San Pietro Apostolo, simply called " San Pietro's Church ", just existing in 12th century, but with the actual Baroque façade and bell tower, situated in the old town, at the begin of the street of the some name, near the Municipio Square.

* The church of St. Peter in Silki, built in the 12th century but renovated in the 17th century.

Besides these buildings which were part of the official structures of the bishopric ; an additional four parish churches were constructed in the city: the Jacobikerk ( dedicated to Saint James ), founded in the 11th century, with the current Gothic church dating back to the 14th century ; the Buurkerk ( Neighbourhood-church ) of the 11th century parish in the centre of the city ; Nicolaichurch ( dedicated to Saint Nicholas ), from the 12th century and the 13th century Geertekerk ( dedicated to Saint Gertrude of Nivelles ).

In the 12th century a church leader named St. Bernard of Clairvaux was famous for speaking out against gargoyles.

Although the most senior offices in the church were filled by Normans, Old English would continue to be used in chronicles such as the Peterborough Chronicle until the middle of the 12th century.

The museum is situated in a Benedictine church of the 12th century.

In the early 12th century Denmark became the seat of an independent church province of Scandinavia.

The Carmelites established a church on Mount Carmel in the 12th century.

The foundations of the earliest church ( the Church of the Holy Trinity ) are under the present superb Romanesque nave built in the 12th century.

* Skule Tostesson, killed by peasants near Haverö church in 12th century.

The Stiftskirche, formerly the church of Backnang Abbey, dates back to the 12th century.

* San Juan de Dios church-museum, Baroque and Rococo circular church with the remains of the Moorish palace mosque from the 12th century in the basament, called Alcázar Nasir.

An attempt to remedy this situation came in the early 12th century with the opening of a central mass burial ground for those not wealthy enough to pay for a church burial.

The existing church may be late 11th / early 12th century: the tower is some three centuries later and the most significant change since then was the restoration in 1870 by Piers St Aubyn.

The grade I listed parish church of St Peter and St Paul dates from the 12th century, but the current building is largely from the 15th century, with further rebuilding in 1836.

Even in the 12th century, Peter of Blois had described the old church as " a captive within the walls of the citadel like the ark of God in the profane house of Baal ".

The church has a fine cloister of the 12th century, constructed in part of fragments of earlier buildings.