These authors, the former a medieval historian and the latter an early modernist, quickly became associated with the distinctive Annales approach, which combined geography, history, and the sociological approaches of the Année Sociologique ( many members of which were their colleagues at Strasbourg ) to produce an approach which rejected the predominant emphasis on politics, diplomacy and war of many 19th and early 20th-century historians as spearheaded by historians whom Febvre called Les Sorbonnistes.

Bouts, a Roman Catholic priest, became the main promoter of renewed 20th-century interest in phrenology and psychognomy in Belgium.

The romanticised idea of the Vikings constructed in scholarly and popular circles in northwestern Europe in the nineteenth and early 20th centuries was a potent one, and the figure of the Viking became a familiar and malleable symbol in different contexts in the politics and political ideologies of 20th-century Europe.

The production of stick-on souvenir badges seems to have started in mainland Europe during the early 20th-century, probably in Germany shortly after the First World War when hiking became popular, and people began sewing badges of resort towns onto their backpacks and jackets.

Although it was presented to the world in 1965 with an accompanying scholarly book written by British Museum and Yale University librarians, historians of geography and medieval document specialists began to suspect that it might be a fake as soon as photographs of it became available, and chemical analyses have identified one of the major ink ingredients as a 20th-century artificial pigment.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, Pan became a significant figure in the Romantic movement of western Europe, and also in the 20th-century Neopagan movement.

Cárdenas became perhaps Mexico's most-popular 20th-century president and most renowned for expropriating the oil interests of the United States and European petroleum companies in the run-up to World War II.

However, the introduction of the ironclad frigate in about 1859 led swiftly to the decline of the steam-assisted ships of the line, though the ironclad warship became the ancestor of the 20th-century battleship, whose very designation is itself a contraction of the phrase " line-of-battle ship.

Claudio Abbado became principal conductor after Karajan, expanding the orchestra's repertoire beyond the core classical and romantic works into more modern 20th-century works.

Restraining attractive female assistants and imperiling them with blades and spikes became a staple of 20th-century magicians ' acts.

Confessional free verse poetry became the popular approach in the second half of the 20th-century American poetry due, in large part, to the popularity of American poets like Robert Lowell, Sylvia Plath, and Allen Ginsberg in the 1950s and 60s.

His great-great-great-great-grandson, Vladimir Nabokov, became an eminent 20th-century novelist.

Freud proceeded to layer Greek myth onto the Darwinian ethology of the herd and the polygamous dominant male, challenged by its male offspring, a position challenged by anthropologists, but which became influential in 20th-century culture.

He became one of the most important 20th-century writers in the Netherlands.

For example, 20th-century Martinist author Robert Ambelain initially claimed that Saint-Martin founded an order called the " Society of Initiates ," but within a few years became disillusioned with the concept and stated that the Society of Initiates never existed.

These early 20th-century acquisitions and mergers brought with them lists of notable scholarly titles, and it is from 1912 onwards as Routledge & Kegan Paul that the company became increasingly concentrated on and involved with the academic and scholarly publishing arena.

The exhibition almost immediately became the showpiece of developments and innovations in 20th-century painting and sculpture.

A particularly well-known 20th-century example is Jaromír Vejvoda ’ s Modřanská polka ( 1927 ), which became popular during World War II in Czechoslovakia as " Škoda lásky " (" A Waste of Love "), in Germany as the Rosamunde-Polka, and among the allied armies as the Beer Barrel Polka ( as a song, known as " Roll out the Barrel ").

According to editorial comments in the early DC Comics run of Star Trek: The Next Generation, an episode of TNG was to feature Mudd, awakening from cryogenic suspension to find himself aboard the Enterprise-D. After Roger C. Carmel's death, the episode was heavily rewritten and eventually became " The Neutral Zone ", with the character of Mudd being replaced by 20th-century businessman Ralph Offenhouse ( played by Peter Mark Richman ).

Although it was in wide use between the 16th and 19th centuries, and not generally seen as an offensive term, as racial tensions increased in 20th-century South Africa and the surrounding countries, it became a term of abuse.

Later, she became a well-known art collector, especially of 20th-century modernist works, many of which she later gave to the Herron Museum — including Grey Hills by her friend, Georgia O ’ Keeffe.

The book became a sought-after cult item among the 20th-century lesbian underground and was only reprinted officially in the 1970s.

His graduate student, John A. Fitch, wrote The Steel Workers, a classic depiction of a key industry in early 20th-century America.

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner ( 6 May 1880 – 15 June 1938 ) was a German expressionist painter and printmaker and one of the founders of the artists group Die Brücke or " The Bridge ", a key group leading to the foundation of Expressionism in 20th-century art.

In the last decades of the 19th-century and the first decades of the 20th-century he played a key role in the shaping of the powerful Western Ukrainian populist movement and the formation of Ukrainian radicalism.

The book discusses key episodes of 20th-century espionage and cryptology involving the Zimmermann telegram ; Enigma decryption and " Ultra "; the Battle of the Atlantic ; Erwin Rommel ; the Colossus computer ; Frank Rowlett and Japan's Purple cipher ; Allied Operation Overlord deceptions ; World War II spies and spy organizations ; Rudolf Roessler and the Lucy Spy Ring ; Takeo Yoshikawa and Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor ; Joseph J. Rochefort and the Battle of Midway ; Richard Sorge ; Donald Maclean ; Klaus Fuchs ; Venona ; Oleg Penkovsky ; and Ryszard Kukliński.

Of particular interest to 20th-century music theorists is the attention he paid to silence as an integral part of music.

Modern historical assessments have shifted over time ; in the 19th century, Theramenes's part in the coup of 411 BC and his use of Arginusae were widely condemned, but newly discovered ancient texts and 20th-century scholarship supported more positive assessments.

In the early 20th-century, some of the village land in the eastern part of the Arbel Valley was sold to Jewish land purchase societies.

Tramp music has been popular since its invention as part of the Czech tramping movement that began when early 20th-century city-dwellers began seeking physical and imaginative respite from the pressures of urban life.

The term Viennese Actionism describes a short and violent movement in 20th-century art that can be regarded as part of the many independent efforts of the 1960s to develop " action art " ( Fluxus, Happening, Performance, Body Art, etc .).

Older Misrata consists of small stone houses and narrow arched streets while the newer part of the city, which began to develop in the 20th-century, consists of modern buildings, homes, factories and industrial areas.

* The Labors of Sisyphus ( Syzyfowe prace ), about 19th-and 20th-century Tsarist efforts to Russify the Russian-occupied part of Poland.

This summarizes the dominant interpretation of the populares in 20th-century scholarship, deriving in large part from Ronald Syme in the Anglophone literature.

The back garden of Gyeongbokgung used to contain the main part of the Japanese Governor-General's residence, that was built in the early 20th-century during the Japanese occupation.

In 1932 he published Het verboden rijk (" The Forbidden Realm ," 1932 ), a partly historical, partly magical realist novel combining the life of a 20th-century European with that of Luís de Camões, the 16th-century Portuguese poet ( author of sonnets and the epic The Lusiads ) who spent part of his life in the Orient.

Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin (; – 7 February 1942 ) was a 20th-century illustrator and stage designer who took part in the Mir iskusstva and contributed to the Ballets Russes.

The regiment subsequently took part in all 20th-century conflicts in which the South African Army fought, including World War I, World War II and the South African Border War.

In 20th-century opera, composers continued to ask women to sing the roles of young men, when they felt the mature tenor voice sounded wrong for the part.

In the ' newer part of the village ' Queniborough Road to Syston Road ( all 20th-century properties ) is the Post Office and corner shop open Monday to Saturday 7: 30 am to 7 pm.

Bhagat Singh and Udham Singh Kamboj along with Chandrasekhar Azad, Rajguru and Sukhdev, were among the most famous revolutionaries in the early part of 20th-century India.