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In the APG II circumscription this order includes the families Fabaceae or legumes ( including the subfamilies Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoideae, and Faboideae ), Quillajaceae, Polygalaceae or milkworts ( including the families Diclidantheraceae, Moutabeaceae, and Xanthophyllaceae ), and Surianaceae.
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APG and II
The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system ( APG ) of 1998 and APG II ( 2003 ) assigned the Alismatales to the monocots, which may be thought of as an unranked clade containing the families listed below.
Under the Cronquist system of taxonomic classification of flowering plants Asteraceae was the only family in the group, but newer systems ( such as APG II and APG III ) have expanded it to eleven.
The order is not recognized in the APG II system, of 2003, which places the plants involved in the order Poales.
The Brassicales are an order of flowering plants, belonging to the eurosids II group of dicotyledons under the APG II system.
* ( 2003 ): An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II.
The APG II system, therefore, has merged the two families under the name ' Brassicaceae '.
This is unchanged from the APG II of 2003, but different from the older APG system of 1998, which did not include Hanguanaceae.
The APG II system, used here, assigns the plants involved to the order Poales.
In APG II system, of 2003, this order was placed in the clade monocots and comprised the families Burmanniaceae, Dioscoreaceae and Nartheciaceae.
In APG II, the family Thismiaceae has been included in family Burmanniaceae and the families Taccaceae and Trichopodaceae have been included in family Dioscoreaceae.
Under the more recent Angiosperm Phylogeny Group ( APG II ) system, the circumscription of the order is much the same but the families are circumscribed differently.
Under the APG II definition some well-known members of Dipsacales are honeysuckle, elder, viburnum, and valerian.
The APG II system assigns these plants to the order Poales.
The other families treated in the Fabales by the APG II classification were placed in separate orders by Cronquist, the Polygalaceae within its own order, the Polygalales, and the Quillajaceae and Surianaceae within the Rosales.
The APG II system ( 2003 ) places this order in the clade monocots and uses this circumscription:
It used a much wider circumscription ( many of the plants here are assigned to Asparagales and Dioscoreales by APG II ):
Other well-known members of Malvales in the APG II sense are daphnes, hibiscus, hollyhocks, okra, baobab trees, cotton, and kapok.
Since the APG II system was published in 2003, minor changes to the circumscription of the order have been made.
The APG system ( 1998 ) and the APG II system ( 2003 ) place this order in the clade magnoliids, circumscribed as follows:
APG and circumscription
Successive revisions of the influential Angiosperm Phylogeny Group ( APG ) classification have changed the circumscription of the family.
APG III uses this circumscription:
The APG system ( 1998 ) also placed the order in the clade monocots, but with a slightly different circumscription ( missing the family Corsiaceae ):
The earlier APG system ( 1998 ) adopted the same placement, although it used the spelling " commelinoids ", and used the following circumscription ( i. e., it did not include the plants in families Bromeliaceae and Mayacaceae in the order ):
The APG III system of 2009 ( slightly changed from the APG II system of 2003 and the APG system of 1998 ) uses the following circumscription:
The circumscription recognized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group ( APG ) includes Apocynaceae ( including Asclepiadaceae ), Gelsemiaceae ( segregated from Loganiaceae ), Gentianaceae ( including Saccifoliaceae ), Loganiaceae, and Rubiaceae.
However, the circumscription by APG is much wider than accepted by previous classifications, including the plants earlier treated in families Eremolepidaceae and Viscaceae.
The APG II system, of 2003, also recognizes this order, and places it in the clade eudicots with this circumscription:
This represents a slight change from the APG system, of 1998, which firmly did accept family Platanaceae as separate, using this circumscription of the order:
APG II uses this circumscription:
The following classification systems acknowledge family Bignoniaceae with the same circumscription as the APG II system classification: Cronquist's system, Dahlgren's classification, Reveal's classification, Stevens's classification, Takhtajan's classification and Thorne's classification.
However, the circumscription changed in the APG II system, with the 2003 system expanded to include the plants that in the 1998 system were treated in the families Taccaceae and Trichopodaceae.
This circumscription of Aquifoliales was recognized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group when they published the APG II system in 2003.
The APG III system reduced the circumscription of this family to just 14 genera and about 595 species.
This circumscription is followed in the APG III system, in which the order Canellales is sister to another small order, the Piperales.
The circumscription of the family in APG II is wider than in the APG system, of 1998, and includes the plants that belonged to the family Thismiaceae in APG.
APG and order
Asparagales is the name of an order of plants, used in modern classification systems such as the APG III system ( which is used throughout this article ).
Cronquist's subclass Alismatidae conformed fairly closely to the order Alismatales as defined by APG, minus the Araceae.
The order Apiales is placed within the asterid group of eudicots as circumscribed by the APG III system.
The name and order Asterales is botanically venerable, dating back to at least 1926 in the Hutchinson system of plant taxonomy when it contained only five families, of which only two are retained in the APG III classification.
The family is solidly placed within the Apiales order in the APG III classification system.
According to the most recent classification scheme, the APG III of 2009, the order includes five families: Commelinaceae, Haemodoraceae, Hanguanaceae, Philydraceae, and Pontederiaceae.
Under the APG system of 1998, the order was placed in the clade monocots and comprised the families Burmanniaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Taccaceae, Thismiaceae and Trichopodaceae
The APG III system ( 2009 ) places this order in the clade monocots.
The Orchidaceae is currently placed in the order Asparagales by the APG III system of 2009.
The APG III system ( 2009 ) accepts the order and places it in a clade called commelinids, in the monocots.
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