* Christian Science Mark Twain's famous, vitriolic 1907 polemic mocking Mary Baker Eddy, her writings, and the church's financial arrangements.

Ferdinand Christian Baur ( 1792 – 1860 ), founder of the Tübingen School, drew attention to the anti-Pauline characteristic in the Pseudo-Clementines, and pointed out that in the disputations between Simon and Peter, some of the claims Simon is represented as making ( e. g. that of having seen the Lord, though not in his lifetime, yet subsequently in vision ) were really the claims of Paul ; and urged that Peter's refutation of Simon was in some places intended as a polemic against Paul.

Gilfillan, himself an untrained and poorly-reviewed polemic Christian preacher who occasionally dabbled in poetry, commented admiringly " Shakespeare never wrote anything like this.

Fundamentalism is a movement, rather than a denomination or a systematic theology, which gained ascendance after the release of a ten-volume set of essays, apologetic and polemic, written by many well-known conservative Protestant theologians to defend what they saw as Protestant orthodoxy — covering a wide range of topics, from defenses of the Divinity of Jesus Christ, his Virgin Birth, of the historicity of Biblical narratives, Mosaic authorship of the Pentateuch, and of Biblical inerrancy against the prevalent higher-critical theories of the day, to the falsity of theological systems such as Christian Science, " Millennial Dawnism ", Mormonism, to the errors of " Romanism "— over the course of 1910-1915, called The Fundamentals: A Testimony to the Truth, from which the movement receives its eponymous name.

Tertullian names Nortia twice in Christian polemic.

This is followed by theses on the essential content of the Bible and the credibility of Biblical tradition, by a detailed refutation of the Christian and Islamic view that the Law revealed in Israel has been abrogated, and by a polemic against a series of Hiwi al-Balkhi's objections to the authority of the Scriptures.

The most well-known Karaite polemic is Yiṣḥaq ben Avraham of Troki's Ḥizzuq Emunah ( חזוק אמונה ) ( Faith Strengthened ), a comprehensive Counter-Missionary polemic, which was later translated into Latin by Wagenseil as part of a larger collection of Jewish anti-Christian polemics entitled Tela Ignea Satanæ, sive Arcani et Horribiles Judæorum Adversus Christum, Deum, et Christianam Religionem Libri ( Altdorf, 1681 ) ( translation: ' The Fiery Darts of Satan, or the Arcane and Horrible Books of the Jews Against Christ, God, and the Christian Religion ').

Of his numerous books only fragments remain, his history of the Christian church, his polemic against the Emperor Julian.

Its aim is in part " to parry the usual onslaughts of Christian polemic " in the face of Christianity's growing preeminence, and " met theology with theology ".

Among his writings, which are chiefly dogmatic in character, special mention should be made of his Institutio Theologiae Elencticae ( 3 parts, Geneva, 1679 – 1685 ), which is dogmatic theology written in a polemic or argumentative fashion and which became a standard text in Reformed Christian circles.

First of all, it is now known that Pope John sees the renewal and purification of the Church as an absolutely necessary step toward Christian unity.

Secondly, a whole series of addresses and actions by the Pope and by others show that concern for Christian unity is still very much alive and growing within the Church.

The First Christian Church of Pampa was the setting for the wedding last Sunday of Miss Marcile Marie Glison and Thomas Earl Loving Jr., who will live at 8861 Gaston after a wedding trip to New Orleans, La.

Of particular meaning to the Charles MacWhorter family, 3181 SW 24th Ter., will be the Family Dedication Service planned for 10:50 a.m. Sunday at First Christian Church.

Every family of Riviera Presbyterian Church has been asked to read the Bible and pray together daily during National Christian Family Week and to undertake one project in which all members of the family participate.

a report that 200 Protestant clergymen and laity attended a votive Mass offered for Christian unity at a Catholic church in Slough during the Church Unity Octave.

When they fall by the wayside and fail to achieve Christian stature, it is an indictment of the Church.

Those who join the Church need to be instructed in the faith and the meaning of Christian discipleship before they take the sacred vows.

We do well to remind ourselves that from men and women of New England ancestry also issued the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, the Seventh Day Adventists, Christian Science, the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, the American Home Missionary Society, the American Bible Society, and New England theology.

In metaphysics, Aristotelianism had a profound influence on philosophical and theological thinking in the Islamic and Jewish traditions in the Middle Ages, and it continues to influence Christian theology, especially the scholastic tradition of the Catholic Church.

With a membership currently estimated at over 85 million members worldwide, the Anglican Communion is the third largest Christian communion in the world, after the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Churches.

Unlike other Christian groups, the Catholic Church teaches that those who die in a state of grace, but still carry venial sin go to a place called Purgatory where they undergo purification to enter Heaven.

Articles of faith are sets of beliefs usually found in creeds, sometimes numbered, and often beginning with " We believe ...", which attempt to more or less define the fundamental theology of a given religion, and especially in the Christian Church.

Of all the various disagreements within the Christian Church, the Arian controversy has held the greatest force and power of theological and political conflict, with the possible exception of the Protestant Reformation.

* Schaff, Philip Theological Controversies and the Development of Orthodoxy, History of the Christian Church, Vol III, Ch.

Ambrose's intense episcopal consciousness furthered the growing doctrine of the Church and its sacerdotal ministry, while the prevalent asceticism of the day, continuing the Stoic and Ciceronian training of his youth, enabled him to promulgate a lofty standard of Christian ethics.

It was known as Asuristan during this period, and became a main centre of the Church of the East ( now the Assyrian Church of the East ), with a flourishing Syriac ( Assyrian ) Christian culture which exists there to this day.

Apostolic succession is the method whereby the ministry of the Christian Church is held to be derived from the apostles by a continuous succession, which has usually been associated with a claim that the succession is through a series of bishops.

This lineage of ordination is traceable, according to " apostolic " churches, to the original Twelve Apostles, thus making the Church the continuation of the early Apostolic Christian community.

The 1937 British Methodist Conference located the " true continuity " with the Church of past ages in " the continuity of Christian experience, the fellowship in the gift of the one Spirit ; in the continuity in the allegiance to one Lord, the continued proclamation of the message ; the continued acceptance of the mission ;..." a long chain which goes back to the " the first disciples in the company of the Lord Himself ...

Present-day Christian religious bodies known for conducting their worship services without musical accompaniment include some Presbyterian churches devoted to the regulative principle of worship, Old Regular Baptists, Primitive Baptists, Plymouth Brethren, Churches of Christ, the Old German Baptist Brethren, the Eastern Orthodox Christian Church and the Amish, Old Order Mennonites and Conservative Mennonites.

Opponents of musical instruments in the Christian worship believe that such opposition is supported by the New Testament and Church history.

Those who oppose instruments today believe that emerging opposition of these Church Fathers demonstrates a better understanding of God's desire, but there are significant differences between the teachings of the Church Fathers and Christian opposition to instruments today.

251 – 356 ), also known as Saint Anthony, Anthony of Egypt, Anthony the Abbot, Anthony of the Desert, Anthony the Anchorite, Anthony of Thebes, Abba Antonius ( Ἀββᾶς Ἀντώνιος ), and Father of All Monks, was a Christian saint from Egypt, a prominent leader among the Desert Fathers.

Moreover, early Christian Church Fathers used canon to rank the authoritative texts of the New Testament, preserving them, given the expense of vellum and papyrus and mechanical book reproduction, thus, being comprehended in a canon ensured a book ’ s preservation as the best way to retain information about a civilization.

An Eastern Christianity | Eastern Christian Icon depicting Constantine I and Christianity | Emperor Constantine and the Fathers of the First Council of Nicaea ( 325 ) as holding the Niceno – Constantinopolitan Creed of 381.

The Apostolic Canons or Ecclesiastical Canons of the Same Holy Apostles is a collection of ancient ecclesiastical decrees ( eighty-five in the Eastern, fifty in the Western Church ) concerning the government and discipline of the Early Christian Church, incorporated with the Apostolic Constitutions which are part of the Ante-Nicene Fathers

Cyril is counted among the Church Fathers and the Doctors of the Church, and his reputation within the Christian world has resulted in his titles Pillar of Faith and Seal of all the Fathers, but Theodosius II, the Roman Emperor, condemned him for behaving like a " proud pharaoh ", and the Nestorian bishops at the Council of Ephesus declared him a heretic, labelling him as a " monster, born and educated for the destruction of the church.

Christian monasticism was born in Egypt and was instrumental in the formation of the Coptic Orthodox Church character of submission, simplicity and humility, thanks to the teachings and writings of the Great Fathers of Egypt's Deserts.

* Fathers of Christian Gnosticism

There had been a long-standing general Christian prohibition on contraception and abortion, with such Church Fathers as Clement of Alexandria and Saint Augustine condemning the practices.

The term Hesychast is used sparingly in Christian ascetical writings emanating from Egypt from the 4th century on, although the writings of Evagrius and the Sayings of the Desert Fathers do attest to it.

Isidore was one of the last of the ancient Christian philosophers ; he was the last of the great Latin Church Fathers and was contemporary with Maximus the Confessor.

Hawkins dryly commented that Jahangir made his nephews Christian " not for any zeal he had to Christianity, as the Fathers, and all Christians thought ; but upon the prophecies of certain learned Gentiles, who told him that the sons of his should be disinherited, and the children of his brother should reign.

Early Church Fathers such as Jerome and Eusebius claimed that he was the author of the Gospel of Luke and the Acts of the Apostles and this is the traditional Christian view today.

She argues that the legacy of Christian misogyny was consolidated by the so-called " Fathers " of the Church, like Tertullian, who thought a woman was not only " the gateway of the devil " but also " a temple built over a sewer.

See Numerology and the Church Fathers for early Christian views.

Some devout Christian Americans have been disinclined to believe that there may have been non-religious ( or even non-Christian ) presidents, especially amongst the Founding Fathers of the United States.

Early Christian Church Fathers and Medieval European scholars interpreted the Genesis creation narrative allegorically rather than as a literal historical account ; organisms were described by their mythological and heraldic significance as well as by their physical form.

* In scholastic Latin sources, the term came to denote the rational study of the doctrines of the Christian religion, or ( more precisely ) the academic discipline which investigated the coherence and implications of the language and claims of the Bible and of the theological tradition ( the latter often as represented in Peter Lombard's Sentences, a book of extracts from the Church Fathers ).

The act of canonization declared that his " deep theological understanding of the Christian teaching, as well as its performance in practice, and, as a consequence of this, the loftiness and holiness of the life of the sviatitel allow for his writings to be regarded as a development of the teaching of the Holy Fathers, preserving the same Orthodox purity and Divine enlightenment.

The Ante-Nicene Fathers, subtitled " The Writings of the Fathers Down to A. D. 325 ", is a collection of books in 10 volumes ( one volume is indexes ) containing English translations of the majority of Early Christian writings.

The series was originally published between 1867 and 1873 by the Presbyterian publishing house T. & T. Clark in Edinburgh under the title Ante-Nicene Christian Library, as a response to the Oxford movement's Library of the Fathers which was perceived as too Roman Catholic.

Surely convinced by the commercial success of the cheaper American version / revision of the ANCL-although of lesser quality on some minor points-the T. & T. Clark get associated with the Christian Literature Company and with others American editors for the publication of sequel: Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers.