Another candidate for one of the first scholars to carry out comparative ethnographic-type studies in person was the medieval Persian scholar Abū Rayhān Bīrūnī in the eleventh century, who wrote about the peoples, customs, and religions of the Indian subcontinent.

Sitting at an important geostrategic location that connects the Middle East culture with Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent ,< ref name = BBC-country-profile >

304 – 232 BC ), commonly known as Ashoka and also as Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from ca.

However, Buddha said that the purity of his heart was so great that, " Should Ananda die without being fully liberated ; he would be king of the gods seven times because of the purity of his heart, or be king of the Indian subcontinent seven times.

Gautama Buddha or Siddhārtha Gautama Buddha ( Sanskrit: स ि द ् ध ा र ् थ ग ौ तम ब ु द ् ध ; Pali: Siddhattha Gotama ) was a spiritual teacher from the Indian subcontinent,

He was greatly influenced by Persian culture and this affected both his own actions and those of his successors, giving rise to a significant expansion of the Persianate ethos in the Indian subcontinent.

The Bronze Age on the Indian subcontinent began around 3300 BC with the beginning of the Indus Valley civilization.

* The most comprehensive collection of sculpture from the Indian subcontinent in the world, including the celebrated Buddhist limestone reliefs from Amaravati

Buddhism is a religion, a practical philosophy, and arguably a psychology, focusing on the teachings of Gautama Buddha, who lived on the Indian subcontinent most likely from the mid-6th to the early 5th century BCE.

In the Indian subcontinent, cavalry played a major role from the Gupta Dynasty ( 320-600 ) period onwards.

The games were reduced from 60 to 50 overs per innings, the current standard, because of the shorter daylight hours in the Indian subcontinent compared with England's summer.

The 1996 championship was held in the Indian subcontinent for a second time, with the inclusion of Sri Lanka as host for some of its group stage matches.

Dravidian place-names along the northwest coast, in Maharashtra, Gujarat, and to a lesser extent in Sindh as well as Dravidian grammatical influence such as clusivity in the Marathi, Gujarati, Marwari, and to a lesser extent Sindhi languages, suggest that Dravidian languages were once spoken more widely across the Indian subcontinent.

Caldwell used ' Dravidian ' as a generic name for the family of languages spoken in Southern India to distinguish them from Indo-Aryan, the branch of Indo-European spoken in the Indian subcontinent.

Linguistic and genetic evidence indicates the Romanies originated on the Indian subcontinent, emigrating from India towards the northwest no earlier than the 11th century.

The government led by Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli, conferred the additional title upon her by an Act of Parliament, reputedly to assuage the monarch's irritation at being, as a mere Queen, notionally inferior to her own daughter ( Princess Victoria was the wife of the reigning German Emperor ); the Indian Imperial designation was also formally justified as the expression of Britain succeeding as paramount ruler of the subcontinent the former Mughal ' Padishah of Hind ', using indirect rule through hundreds of princely states formally under protection, not colonies, but accepting the British Sovereign as their suzerain.

The title of Samrāṭ has been used by many rulers of the Indian subcontinent as claimed by the Hindu mythologies.

In proper history, most historians call Chandragupta Maurya the first samrāṭ ( emperor ) of the Indian subcontinent, because of the huge empire he ruled.

The Aryans dominated the modern day plateau, while the Indo-Aryans ultimately headed towards the Indian subcontinent.

* Hanafi ( The Levant, Iraq, Turkey, the Balkans, Central Asia, Indian subcontinent, Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Jordan, China and Egypt )

However, some have taken the feudalism analogy further, seeing it in places as diverse as ancient Egypt, the Parthian empire, the Indian subcontinent, and the antebellum American South.

Abu al-Rayhan al-Biruni ( 973 – 1048 CE ) was one of the earliest Muslim geologists, whose works included the earliest writings on the geology of India, hypothesizing that the Indian subcontinent was once a sea.

Hinduism is the predominant religion of the Indian subcontinent, and one of its indigenous religions.

Mahmud of Ghazni consolidated the conquests of his predecessors and turned the city of Ghazni into a great cultural center as well as a base for frequent forays into the Indian subcontinent.

An early example of the " story within a story " technique can be found in the One Thousand and One Nights, which can be traced back to earlier Persian and Indian storytelling traditions, most notably the Panchatantra of ancient Sanskrit literature.

In Indian legend the garuda on which Vishnu rides is the king of birds ( Benfey, Panchatantra, 98 ).

This concept can be found in ancient Indian literature, such as the epics Mahabharata and Ramayana, Vishnu Sarma's Panchatantra, Syntipas ' Seven Wise Masters, the Hitopadesha, and Vikram and the Vampire.

Aesop's fables and the Indian tradition as represented by the Buddhist Jataka Tales and the Hindu Panchatantra share about a dozen tales in common although often widely differing in detail.

Incidents in some stories are also clearly influenced by ancient literary sources ( including Homer's Odyssey and Vishnu Sarma's Panchatantra ), and by Arab, Indian and Persian folklore and literature.

Other noteworthy collections of Indian traditional stories include the Panchatantra, a collection of traditional narratives made by Vishnu Sarma in the second century BC.

However, the most serious loss is that of his translation of Abdullah Ibn al-Muqaffa's Arabic version of the old Indian fable book Kalila and Dimna ( Panchatantra ), which he put into Persian verse at the request of his royal patron.

Some of the fables of the collection are indebted to Christian legend, and to the Indian Panchatantra.

A page from Kelileh o Demneh dated 1429, from Herat, a Persian language | Persian translation of the ancient Indian Panchatantra ( These tales depict characters based on local wild animals from the jungles of India, including the Asiatic / Indian-Persian lion ) derived from the Arabic version — Kalila wa Dimna — depicts the manipulative jackal-vizier, Dimna, trying to lead his ' lion-king ' into war.

The version of the story found in the Indian Panchatantra concerns a lion who is persuaded that the cure for his sickness is the ears and heart of an ass.

He translated the Indian Panchatantra from Sanskrit into the Middle Persian language of Pahlavi.

This collection might include specimens of the US 1 dollar coin, the Canadian Loonie, the Euro, 1 Indian Rupee and 1 Singapore dollar.

* Stewart Indian School – museum collection includes items from former faculty, students and school – Gothic Revival architecture, tours available.

100 BCE ), Indian philosopher, reputed author of a collection of tales known in Europe as The Story of the Seven Wise Masters.

The earliest known example of galvanizing of iron was found on 17th century Indian armor in the Royal Armouries Museum collection.

A collection at the British Museum in London contains seventy-four drawings of Indian portraits dating from the time of Jahangir, including a portrait of the emperor himself.

Mohandas Karamchand GandhiGandhism is the collection of inspirations, principles, beliefs and philosophy of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ( known as Mahatma Gandhi ), who was a major political and spiritual leader of India and the Indian Independence Movement.

Cherokee beadwork sampler, made at Dwight Presbyterian Mission | Dwight Mission, Indian Territory, 19th century, collection of the Oklahoma History Center.

The collection contains wood veneers such as Macassar ebony ( The Ruby ), East Indian rosewood ( The Sapphire ), kewazinga bubinga ( The Opal ) and Santos rosewood ( The Emerald ).

The Millicent Rogers Museum is a collection of item of Southwestern Indian culture.

The Indian associations of Osborne House also include its housing a collection of paintings of Indian persons and scenes, painted at Queen Victoria's request by Rudolf Swoboda.

* West of Roberta off Highway US 80: The Museum of Southeastern Indians with its collection of Indian artifacts and Appalachian settler history.

The Museum also holds James Lafayette's society portraits, a collection of over 600 photographs dating from the late 19th to early 20th centuries and portraying a wide range of society figures of the period, including bishops, generals, society ladies, Indian maharajas, Ethiopian rulers and other foreign leaders, actresses, people posing in their motor cars and a sequence of photographs recording the guests at the famous fancy dress ball held at Devonshire House in 1897 to celebrate Queen Victoria's diamond jubilee.

The Science Museum has two eighteenth-century Indian war rockets in its collection.

The Cedar Key Museum State Park depicts the town's 19th century history and displays sea shells and Indian artifacts from the collection of Saint Clair Whitman.

Until recent years, Indian artifacts were found frequently throughout Wenham, and a representative collection in the possession of the Wenham Museum.

Within the museum is a special collection called " Mac's Museum " which includes seashells, minerals and Indian artifacts.

Albert Brooking, who founded the museum in 1926 and provided it with many exhibits, including Indian relics, fossils, and the largest private collection of mounted birds in the US, was buried in the basement in 1946.

Pojoaque Pueblo is an Indian Reservation, and the town of Pojoaque is a collection of communities near the Pueblo with people from various ethnic backgrounds.

The Big Spring Heritage Museum contains pioneer and Indian artifacts, art exhibits, and the largest collection known of Texas Longhorn steer horns.

Indian śruti texts post-dating the Rigveda ( such as the Yajurveda, the Atharvaveda and the Brahmanas ), as well as the Hebrew Tanakh and the mystical collection of poems attributed to Lao Tze, the Tao te Ching, date to the Iron Age, but their dating is difficult and controversial.

Pankha-Traditional crafted hand fans of the Indian Subcontinent from the collection of Justin Das-The fan museum, Greenwich ( 2004 )

" Wax World " a museum with a collection of wax statues of Indian freedom fighters opened in the Hill station Udhagamandalam ( Ooty ) India in March 2007.

For example, several countries have a civilian space program funded by the government through tax collection, such as NASA in the United States, ESA in Europe, the Canadian Space Agency in Canada, Indian Space Research Organisation in India, JAXA in Japan, RKA in Russia, China National Space Administration in China, SUPARCO in Pakistan, Iranian Space Agency in Iran, and Korea Aerospace Research Institute ( KARI ) in South Korea.