The actual number in Scotland varies considerably — between approximately 350 to 500 due to the use of the term " island dun " for well over one hundred Hebridean examples — a distinction that has created a divide between mainland Scottish crannog and Hebridean islet settlement studies.

British settlement of the Maritimes, as the colonies of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island came to be known, accelerated throughout the late 18th century and into the 19th century with significant immigration to the region as a result of Scottish migrants displaced by the Highland Clearances and Irish escaping the Great Irish Famine ( 1845-1849 ).

Roman coins and pottery have been found circulating at native settlement sites in the Scottish Lowlands in the years before 100, indicating growing Romanisation.

A Solemn League and Covenant was entered into, guaranteeing the Scottish Church settlement and promising further reform in England.

Viking raids began on Scottish shores towards the end of the 8th century and the Hebrides came under Norse control and settlement during the ensuing decades, especially following the success of Harald Fairhair at the Battle of Hafrsfjord in 872.

There are a considerable number of different accents within the regions of both the United States and Canada, originally deriving from the accents prevalent in different English, Scottish and Irish regions and corresponding to settlement patterns of these peoples in the colonies.

The settlement of English in the North Island and northern South Island and Scottish in the Deep South is reflected in the dominance of Anglicanism and Presbyterianism in the respective regions.

Back of Keppoch ( Gaelic: Cùl na Ceapaich ) is a small coastal settlement in the north west Scottish Highlands, approximately 40 miles west of Fort William near to the A830 road to Mallaig.

After the failure to agree a settlement with creditors, Rangers ' assets were bought by a consortium which obtained the transfer of Rangers ' Scottish Football Association membership and relaunched the club with a new company structure.

Among their grievances was the King's failure to promptly pay the soldiers ' wages, his favour towards Dunbar, his demand that the Percies hand over their Scottish prisoners, his failure to put an end to Owain Glyn Dŵr's rebellion through a negotiated settlement, his increasing promotion of his son Prince Henry's military authority in Wales, and his failure to ransom the Percies ' kinsman, Henry Percy's brother-in-law, Sir Edmund Mortimer ( 1376 – 1409 ), whom the Welsh had captured in June 1402, and who had a claim to the crown as the grandson of Lionel, 1st Duke of Clarence, second surviving son of King Edward III.

In parts of north west Scotland ( Highlands and Islands ), a " township " is a crofting settlement. In the Scottish Highlands generally the term may describe a very small agrarian community, usually a local rural or semi-rural government within a county.

William Bell, who arrived in June 1817, noted in his diaries that the settlement was more European than the Scottish settlement described to him.

The settlement was founded on 24 August 1864 and named by Colonel William Moule after Captain John Fane Charles Hamilton, the popular Scottish commander of HMS Esk, who was killed in the battle of Gate Pā, Tauranga.

Today the island's main settlement is at Little Cumbrae House on the eastern shore, facing the Scottish mainland.

Fort Augustus is a settlement in the parish of Boleskine and Abertarff, at the south west end of Loch Ness, Scottish Highlands.

A county called Lanark ( after the Scottish town of Lanark in southern Scotland ) was settled by Scottish immigrants in Ontario prior to the time when the Lapeer Scottish settlement began to develop in Michigan.

In the Utah Valley's historical settlement by immigrants, Scandinavians most notably Icelanders, as well Swiss people, Spanish Americans, Hispanics or Latinos ; and Irish Americans and Scottish Americans are prevalent ethnocultural groups in Spanish Fork, nearby towns of Salem and Payson.

Lord Lovat, the ‘ Father ’ of the Forestry Commission, had extensive landholdings in Scotland, and it was in the Highlands that he and other Scottish landowners such as Sir John Stirling-Maxwell conceived the scheme of land settlement allied to forestry.

The principal settlement in Lothian is the Scottish capital, Edinburgh.

Benbecula's main settlement is Balivanich ( Scottish Gaelic: Baile a ' Mhanaich, meaning " Town of the Monk ") in the northwest.

Although they were clearly preceded by the Mi ' kmaq and Acadian peoples, credit for the first permanent white settlement at Miramichi is often granted to Scottish settlers, led by William Davidson.

He had been the chaplain of a Catholic Scottish Glengarry regiment.

The area was originally settled in 1792 as part of the historic Glengarry County in which many Scottish emigrants settled from all over the Scottish Highlands due to the Highland Clearances.

Maxville ( population 853 ) hosts the annual Glengarry Highland Games, one of North America's largest festivals of Scottish culture, on the first long weekend in August.

For this reason, the Gàidhealtachd also increasingly refers to the regions in Scotland, Nova Scotia and other communities in Canada such as Glengarry County where Scottish Gaelic is spoken as the native language by most or some part of the population.

Scottish Gaelic has also survived among communities descended from immigrants in parts of Nova Scotia ( especially Cape Breton Island ), Glengarry County in present day Ontario, Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland ( although Newfoundland had an Irish Gaelic-speaking population ) in eastern Canada and those areas where Gaelic is spoken can also be said to be Gàidhealtachdan.

Canadian Gaelic / Scottish Gaelic has been spoken in the whole Glengarry County for over four centuries.

Among the early Scottish settlers were MacDonald, Robert Innes, Hugh MacEachern, wife and family of Moidart, and Allan Ban MacDonnell of Glengarry.

A portrait by Sir Henry Raeburn of Colonel Alasdair Ranaldson MacDonell of Glengarry hangs in the National Gallery of Scotland ; it shows hanging from his belt on his right hand side a Highland Scottish dirk, and visible at the top of his right stocking what appears to be a nested set of two sgian-dubhs.

It may be that the black hackle of 1 SCOTS simulates the black-cock tail feathers originally worn in the 1904 pattern Kilmarnock Bonnet and latterly in the regimental Glengarry Cap by the Royal Scots and King's Own Scottish Borderers, who merged in August 2006 to form 1 SCOTS.

Glengarry County ( Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Gleanna Garadh ), an area covering, is a county in the Canadian province of Ontario, and is historically known for its settlement of Highland Scots due to the Highland Clearances.

Glengarry was founded in 1784 by Scottish loyalists, mainly from Clan MacDonnell, and other Highland Scottish emigrants from Mohawk Valley.

The headdress worn by Irish Army pipers is called a Glengarry but is more similar to the caubeen in appearance, than to the Scottish headdress of the same name.

The Battle of Morar was a Scottish clan battle fought in 1602, between the Clan MacDonald of Glengarry and the Clan Mackenzie.

The youngest of five children from an Armenian father and English mother, he also claims Scottish ancestry through his maternal grandfather, a Sanderson, and the MacDonell of Glengarry clan.

In appearance the cap is similar to the Glengarry, but differs by a lack of the tartan, or check trim, toorie, and ribbons typical of the Scottish cap.

The Glengarry worn by the Argylls is unique in having red and white dicing ; other Scottish and Highland units generally have a black square alternating with red in the centre row.

In the late 18th Century, the majority of the Clan MacDonell of Glengarry emigrated to the historic Glengarry County, Ontario ( which is named after the Clan ) as a result of the Highland Clearances and other economic conditions to look for a better life and to also preserve their Scottish Highland Culture.

Glengarry first played an independent part in the politics of Clan Donald when in 1539 the Macdonald chief received a feudal charter from the Scottish crown.

In Antigonish County, next to Guysborough County in Nova Scotia there are a few rural Irish villages despite the predominance of Scottish in most of that County.

In May 2007 Al-Fayed said he was interested in helping Scottish football team Ross County, following their relegation.

In the Gaelic form, Scottish traditional county names are generally distinguished by the designation " siorramachd "- literally " sherrifdom " e. g. Siorramachd Earra-ghaidheal ( County of Argyll ).

McLoughlin was born in Rivière-du-Loup, Quebec, of Irish ( his grandfather came from Sharagower in the Inishowen peninsular of County Donegal ), Scottish, and French Canadian descent.

Stirling County currently play in the Scottish Premiership Division One.

Robson was born in South Shields, County Durham, of Scottish descent to a family of six siblings.

Born Ernest Evan Thompson in South Shields, County Durham ( now part of South Tyneside, Tyne and Wear ), England of Scottish parents, Seton's family migrated to Canada in 1866.

According to the census of 2000, the largest ancestry groups in DeKalb County were English 78. 31 %, Scots-Irish 8. 29 %, Scottish 3. 33 %, Irish 3. 31 %, Welsh 1. 22 %, and African 1. 68 %

According to the census of 2000, the largest ancestry groups in Jackson County were English 69. 1 %, Scots-Irish 5. 21 %, Scottish 4. 67 %, and African 3. 74 %.

According to the census of 2000, the largest ancestry groups in Lauderdale County were English 41. 9 %, African 13. 85 %, Scots-Irish 9. 66 %, Scottish 4. 11 %, Irish 3. 19 % and Welsh 2. 5 %

According to the census of 2000, the largest ancestry groups in Madison County were English 50. 2 %, African 22. 78 %, Scots-Irish 8. 71 %, Irish 4. 3 %, Scottish 4. 12 %, and Welsh 2. 9 %

According to the census of 2000, the largest ancestry groups in Marshall County were English 68. 2 %, Scots-Irish 12. 31 %, Scottish 5. 1 %, Irish 4. 22 %, Welsh 2. 3 % and African 1. 47 %

The largest ancestry groups in Williamson County are English American ( 19. 5 %), German American ( 16. 6 %), Irish American ( 15. 2 %), African American ( 5 %), Scottish American ( 4 %) and Scots-Irish American ( 4 %).

According to the census of 2000, the largest ancestry groups in Fayette County were English 51. 66 %, African 35. 95 %, Scots-Irish 7. 1 %, and Scottish 1. 2 %.

According to the 2000 Census the largest ancestry groups in Cumberland County were English ( 38. 5 %), German ( 13. 9 %), Irish ( 13. 2 %) and Scottish ( 2. 7 %)

According to the 2000 Census the largest ancestry groups in Anderson County were English ( 37 %), Irish ( 14. 7 %), German ( 13. 5 %), Scots-Irish ( 4. 5 %) and Scottish ( 3. 1 %).

* Museums and heritage ( Scotland County Museum, Indian Museum, Scottish Heritage Center )

The most commonly reported first ancestries in Bollinger County were 34 % German, 24 % United States or American, 10 % Irish, 9 % English, 3 % Dutch, 2 % French ( excluding Basque ), and 1 % Scottish.

According to the census of 2000, the largest ancestry groups in Washington County were African 69. 57 %, English 21. 4 %, Scottish 8. 2 % and Scots-Irish 3. 1 %

According to the census of 2000, the largest ancestry groups in Rankin County were English 52. 8 %, Scots-Irish 15 %, African 17. 12 %, Irish 5. 1 % and Scottish 3. 2 %.

According to the census of 2000, the largest ancestry groups in Potontoc County were English 61. 92 %, Scots-Irish 15. 1 %, African 13. 98 % and Scottish 3 %

According to the census of 2000, the largest ancestry groups in Marshall County were African 50. 36 %, English 31. 87 %, Scottish 7. 1 %, Scots-Irish 3. 13 %, Irish 1. 2 % and Welsh 1. 1 %