By 1300, the Inuit and their language had reached western Greenland, and finally east Greenland roughly at the same time the Viking colony in southern Greenland disappeared.

* With a new group of colonists, an epidemic hits the Viking colony in Greenland.

Around 1000AD the climate was sufficiently warm for the north of Newfoundland to support a Viking colony and led to the descriptor " Vinland ".

* In Harry Harrison's The Technicolor Time Machine ( 1967 ), main characters go back in time to shoot a movie about founding a Viking colony in North America, only to discover to their surprise that the colony they founded turned out to be written into the history as the original Viking colony in North America — and some of them are even featured in Norse sagas.

This colony was the first known European settlement in modern day Canada since the c. 1000 AD L ' Anse aux Meadows Viking village in northern Newfoundland.

It continues to be used as a symbol in areas where it once had mythological status: as the National Bird of Bhutan, Kings of Bhutan wear the Raven Crown, Official Bird of the Yukon territory, and on the Coat of Arms of the Isle of Man ( once a Viking colony ).

Watkin suggested that it was due to a substantial Viking settlement, instead of from the forcible transfer by Henry I of a colony of Flemish refugees from Holland and Belgium in the early twelfth century.

Brattahlíð, often anglicised as Brattahlid, was Erik the Red's estate in the Eastern Settlement Viking colony he established in south-western Greenland toward the end of the 10th century.

During the Viking Age, Varnae traveled to North America, where he discovered a colony of Vikings and battled the Norse god Thor.

The last phase of the migrations saw the coming of the Hungarian Magyars and the Viking expansion out of Scandinavia into Europe and the British Isles, as well as Greenland and Iceland.

The term Edda ( Old Norse Edda, plural Eddur ) applies to the Old Norse Poetic Edda and Prose Edda, both of which were written down in Iceland during the 13th century in Icelandic, although they contain material from earlier traditional sources, reaching into the Viking Age.

Viking navigators opened the road to new lands to the north, west and east, resulting in the foundation of independent settlements in the Shetland, Orkney, and Faroe Islands ; Iceland ; Greenland ; and L ' Anse aux Meadows, a short-lived settlement in Newfoundland, circa 1000 A. D.

During the 18th century, British interest and enthusiasm for Iceland and early Scandinavian culture grew dramatically, expressed in English translations of Old Norse texts, and original poems which extolled the supposed " Viking virtues ".

There is another contender for the discoverer of Iceland: Naddoddr, a Norwegian / Faeroese Viking explorer.

* Ingólfur Arnarson arrives as the first permanent Viking settler in Iceland, settling in Reykjavík ( probable date ).

* The Viking explorer Eric the Red-haired leaves Norway to survey west of Iceland.

Viking explorers first discovered and settled in Iceland in the 9th century, on their way from the Faroe Islands.

From Iceland, Greenland was also colonized, and voyages were even made to North America, where remains of Viking dwellings have been found in Newfoundland.

Ancient Roman coins dating to the 3rd century have been found in Iceland, but it is unknown whether they were brought there at that time, or came later with Viking settlers, having circulated as currency already for centuries.

Iceland holds the annual NATO exercises entitled Northern Viking.

The reasons for the waves of immigration were complex and bound to the political situation in Scandinavia at that time ; moreover, they occurred when Viking settlers were also establishing their presence in the Hebrides, Orkney, the Faroe Islands, Ireland, Iceland, Greenland, France ( Normandy ), Russia and Ukraine ( see Kievan Rus ').

Longships were naval vessels made and used by the Vikings from Scandinavia and Iceland for trade, commerce, exploration, and warfare during the Viking Age.

Sagas are stories about ancient Scandinavian and Germanic history, about early Viking voyages, the battles that took place during the voyages, about migration to Iceland and of feuds between Icelandic families.

Poul Anderson presented an antithesis in his story The Man Who Came Early, in which a modern American who finds himself in Viking Iceland fails to introduce modern technologies despite being an intelligent, competent, well-trained engineer, and finds that in a 10th century environment 10th century technologies work best.

The original grasshouses constructed by the original settlers of Iceland were based on Viking longhouses.

Until the Christianisation of Iceland, many traditional Viking beliefs were strongly held, remnants of which remain today.

Religion in Iceland was initially the Viking religion that believed in Norse mythology.

He has also won the Iceland's strongest man competition many times and the West coast Viking ( Vestfjarðavíkingurinn ) of Iceland nine times, he is considered to be one of the first modern strongman competitors, and is regarded by many to be one of the best strongmen of all time.

The ancestors of the Icelandic horse were probably taken to Iceland by Viking Age Scandinavians between 860 and 935 AD.

* Victor Hugo with Han d ' Islande Of Iceland ( 1823 ), a bloody tale featuring a Viking warrior and a mythical bear, Bug-Jargal ( 1826 ) and the morbid and romantic L ' Homme qui Rit aka The Man Who Laughs ( 1869 ) about a horribly disfigured man who lived in 17th century England.

Other replicas include the Gaia, which currently has Sandefjord as its home port, the Munin, ( a half scale replica ) located in Vancouver, B. C., the Íslendingur in the Viking World museum in Iceland, the Hugin in Kent, England, and the replica housed at the Hjemkomst Museum in Moorhead, MN.

Early medieval North Germanic Scandinavian ( Viking Age ) beliefs are much better documented than its predecessors, notably via the records of Norse mythology in the Prose Edda and the Poetic Edda, as well as the sagas, written in Iceland during 1150-1400.

The season finale proved to be extraordinary, however, as Viking crushed league runners-up Brann 5 – 0 at home to pass both HamKam and Odd Grenland in the standings and ultimately retain their spot in the Premier League.

The game was inspired by such classic science fiction stories as the Dumarest Saga series by E. C. Tubb, the Foundation stories of Isaac Asimov, H. Beam Piper's Space Viking, Larry Niven's Known Space, Jerry Pournelle's CoDominium, Poul Anderson's Polesotechnic League and several other works of science fiction literature.

Irish and Viking literature depict the Battle of Clontarf as a gathering of this world and the supernatural.

The novel was an early example ( and Haggard's introduction implies it was the first ) of modern efforts in English at pastiching Viking saga literature.

The Tubes ' live shows in the late 1970s and early 1980s were rife with allusions to mainstream film ( Dr. Strangelove, Rollerball, Saturday Night Fever, Grease ), then-forgotten B-movies ( Wild Women of Wongo, Attack of the 50 Foot Woman ), music ( Tom Jones, punk rock, a medley of Nelson Riddle television themes ), contemporary pop culture ( Patty Hearst, the Viking program ), television ( Let's Make a Deal, Fernwood 2Nite, the anime Raideen ), and literature ( Nelson Algren's A Walk on the Wild Side ), presaging the subcultural reverence and over-the-top theatricality of later groups like The World / Inferno Friendship Society.

Later historians lamented the gaps in this period and usually explained it by way of Viking invasions ; in the twelfth century William of Malmesbury said: " in many places in England that knowledge of the deeds of the saints has been wiped out, in my opinion by the violence of enemies ..".

The knowledge of Jan Mayen probably disappeared along with the Viking colonies on Greenland around the 14th century.

The Scandinavians started adapting more continental European ways, whilst retaining an emphasis on naval power-the " Viking " clinker-built warship was used in war until the 14th century at least.

Sweden has a typical Western European history of democracy, beginning with the old Viking age Ting electing kings, ending with a regular royal power in the 14th century, that in periods became more or less democratic depending on the general European trends.

" It was Lethbridge who suggested to Glynn that the sword was not of Viking origin, but was " a hand-and-a-half wheel pommel sword " common in 14th century North Britain.

Standing on the south east side is the village's oldest archeological site of a mounded Iron Age bivallate hill fort, relatively low lying for a such a structure and oddly named with the Danish Viking name of The Burgs, but probably was not called that until sometime between the 14th and 16th centuries.

The first record of Svinninge and Gislinge dates from the 14th century, but some hold the opinion that the area has been settled since the Viking Age.