It is a case of divergent evolution.

In practice, however, judges in one system will almost always choose to follow relevant case law in the other system to prevent divergent results and to minimize forum shopping.

As another example, if genes in two species independently become restricted to the same region of the animals through regulation by a certain transcription factor, this may be described as a case of parallel evolution — but examination of the actual DNA sequence will probably show only divergent changes in individual base-pair positions, since a new transcription factor binding site can be added in a wide range of places within the gene with similar effect.

For multi-loop integrals that will depend on several variables we can make a change of variables to polar coordinates and then replace the integral over the angles by a sum so we have only a divergent integral, that will depend on the modulus and then we can apply the zeta regularization algorithm, the main idea for multi-loop integrals is to replace the factor after a change to hyperspherical coordinates so the UV overlapping divergences are encoded in variable r. In order to regularize these integrals one needs a regulator, for the case of multi-loop integrals, these regulator can be taken as so the multi-loop integral will converge for big enough's ' using the Zeta regularization we can analytic continue the variable's ' to the physical limit where s = 0 and then regularize any UV integral.

* if L = 1 or the limit fails to exist, then the test is inconclusive, because there exist both convergent and divergent series that satisfy this case.

The third, the segmented assimilation model theorizes that structural barriers, such as poor urban schools, cut off access to employment and other opportunities — obstacles that often are particularly severe in the case of the most disadvantaged members of immigrant groups, and such impediments can lead to stagnant or downward mobility, even as the children of other immigrants follow divergent paths toward classic straight-line assimilation.

Depending on the algorithm used, we may encounter a divergent case, where the exact fit cannot be calculated, or it might take too much computer time to find the solution.

Following Lejeune 1971, the consensus view became that Lepontic should be classified as a Celtic language, albeit possibly as divergent as Celtiberian, and in any case quite distinct from Cisalpine Gaulish ( Lejeune 1971, Kruta 1991, Stifter 2008 ).

Moreover, the thumb, unlike the case in all birds, is not medially divergent.

Frequently it was hard for him to know the truth because of the mass of divergent evidence with which he had to deal, frequently there was not enough evidence, but in every case he aimed at expressing the truth and at making his work serve some useful purpose in the defence or elucidation of Christian ideas.

As another example, if genes in two species independently become restricted to the same region of the animals through regulation by a certain transcription factor, this may be described as a case of parallel evolution-but examination of the actual DNA sequence will probably show only divergent changes in individual basepair positions, since a new transcription factor binding site can be added in a wide range of places within the gene with similar effect.

The divergent case: each new outcome is successively further from the intersection of supply and demand.

This is called the unstable or divergent case.

Fadashi and Undu are divergent enough to be considered separate languages, in which case the dialect name Gebeto may be used for the rest of Berta.

( 1999 ) also criticised Van Howe's paper, stating that his results were a case of " Simpson's paradox, which is a type of confounding that can occur in epidemiological analyses when data from different strata with widely divergent exposure levels are combined, resulting in a combined measure of association that is not consistent with the results for each of the individual strata.

Note that in this case, the sum is divergent, but there are methods to summing it which give a converging series.

A recent study suggests that there are at least two distinct genetic lineages among the blind populations, arguing that these represent a case of convergent evolution.

The differential equations determining the evolution function Φ < sup > t </ sup > are often ordinary differential equations: in this case the phase space M is a finite dimensional manifold.

Dawkins wrote that evolution depended not on the particular chemical basis of genetics, but only on the existence of a self-replicating unit of transmission — in the case of biological evolution, the gene.

The evolution of the “- mir ” element to “- mierz ” is due to two separate developments: first, the regular change of the vowel " i " to "( i ) e " before " r ", and second, the modification of the nominative case by the vocative for certain names ( hence, Kazimierz replaced Kazimier based on the vocative Kazimierze ).

Contrary to this belief among the anti-evolution movement proponents, evolution of life forms beyond the species level (" macroevolution ", i. e. speciation in a specific case ) has indeed been observed multiple times under both controlled laboratory conditions and in nature.

In the case of the Paleogeography this theory provided a model for understanding the evolution of the landscape.

In particular, stasis, to them, is just an extreme case of ultra-slow evolution.

The Scopes Trial, formally known as The State of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes and commonly referred to as the Scopes Monkey Trial, was a landmark American legal case in 1925 in which high school science teacher, John Scopes, was accused of violating Tennessee's Butler Act, which made it unlawful to teach evolution in any state-funded school.

It is only to the theory of the evolution of man from a lower type that the act before us was intended to apply, and much of the discussion we have heard is beside this case.

Category: United States creationism and evolution case law

One example of evolution at work is the case of the hawthorn fly, Rhagoletis pomonella, also known as the apple maggot fly, which appears to be undergoing sympatric speciation.

In this case, a science teacher argued that, by requiring him to teach evolution, his school district was forcing him to teach the " religion " of secular humanism.

In another example of evolution of culture, Durkheim pointed to fashion, although in this case he noted a more cyclical phenomenon.

Hugh Petrie argues that a more sophisticated setup is required, in his case not for biological evolution but the evolution of ideas:

Category: United States creationism and evolution case law

These differences could mean that the bacterial and archaella could be a classic case of biological analogy, or convergent evolution, rather than homology.

The case for this was argued for by Mary Jane West-Eberhard in her 2003 book Developmental plasticity and evolution.

Percolation theory, especially for the case of biased percolation, describe random connectivity phenomena, which produce an evolution of connected structures similar to that of lightning strikes.

In many, though not all instances, consuetudinary laws will have supportive court rulings and case law that has evolved over time to give additional weight to their rule as law and also to demonstrate the trajectory of evolution ( if any ) in the interpretation of such law by relevant courts.

The eyes in three genera of hagfish ( Eptatretus, Paramyxine and Myxine )-A case of degenerative evolution.

For instance, the striking example of similar placental and marsupial forms is described by Richard Dawkins in The Blind Watchmaker as a case of convergent evolution, because mammals on each continent had a long evolutionary history prior to the extinction of the dinosaurs under which to accumulate relevant differences.

On the converse, any case in which lineages do not evolve together at the same time in the same ecospace might be described as convergent evolution at some point in time.

In an intellectual property case, an expert may be shown two music scores, book texts, or circuit boards and asked to ascertain their degree of similarity.

In the case of plane or spatial coordinates, datum transformation takes the form of a similarity or Helmert transformation, consisting of a rotation and scaling operation in addition to a simple translation.

They argue that he has not provided a convincing case that the similarities presented as evidence are due to inheritance from an earlier common ancestor rather than being explained by a combination of accidental similarity, errors, excessive semantic latitude in comparisons, borrowings, onomatopoeia, etc.

It is common for the Si < sup > 4 +</ sup > to be substituted by Al < sup > 3 +</ sup > because of similarity in ionic radius and charge ; in those case, the < sup > 5 -</ sup > tetrahedra form the same structures as do the unsubstituted tetrahedra, but their charge-balancing requirements are different.

And this is the case for all similarity of attribute among objects.

( Additionally, an example of an indirect network effect in this case is the notable similarity in user-interfaces and operability menus of most new software-since that similarity directly translates into less time spent learning new environments, therefore potentially greater acceptance and adoption of those products.

A plagiarism case between Wire's music publisher and Elastica, over the similarity between Wire's 1977 song " Three Girl Rhumba " and Elastica's 1995 hit " Connection ", resulted in an out-of-court settlement.

A special case is a homothetic transformation or central similarity: it neither involves rotation nor taking the mirror image.

Some of the features of similarity ( e. g. a thieves ' guild, and a general air of degeneracy ) may instead be common tropes of fantasy literature, although it could be argued, especially in the case of the thieves ' guild, that many of the tropes in question originated with Leiber.

This suggests that if chloroplasts originated de novo, they did so multiple times, in which case their close similarity to each other is difficult to explain.

The disclaimer which now screens at the end of every American film, " The preceding was a work of fiction, any similarity to a living person etc .," first appeared as a result of the legal precedent set by the Yusupov case.

Despite the similarity in the name of Cranbury Township and the CDP, the two are not one and the same, as is the case for most paired Township / CDP combinations.

Despite the similarity in the name of the Township and the CDP, the two are not one and the same, as is the case for most paired Township / CDP combinations ( i. e., a CDP with the same as the Township ).

Because of this similarity with European human rights law, the Supreme Court of Canada turns not only to the Constitution of the United States case law in interpreting the Charter, but also to European Court of Human Rights cases.

Gull was struck by the similarity of the case to that of Miss A, even to the detail of the pulse and respiration observations.

In case of similarity scale, if the person is imposter in real, but the matching score is higher than the threshold, then he is treated as genuine that increase the FAR and hence performance also depends upon the selection of threshold value.

A quaternion is a tuple made of 4 numbers that represents a geometrical similarity in the general case.

In the case of operators on finite-dimensional vector spaces, for complex square matrices, the relation of being isospectral for two diagonalizable matrices is just similarity.

They have been based on immediate predecessors, mentors, political similarity, or even after family members — as was the case with Pope John XXIII.

Sophia is also sometimes seen to represent the Image of God present in the human soul, which is saved from its fallen state by Christ the Logos — in which case there would be a strong similarity between Sophia and Sita in the Ramayana, who is saved by Hanuman ( an incarnation of Shiva ) from the demon king Ravana to be reunited with her husband Rama, representing God.

In any case, one should note that the similarity of the term superlubricity with terms such as superconductivity and superfluidity is misleading ; other energy dissipation mechanisms can lead to a finite ( normally small ) friction force.

Molecule mining approaches, a special case of structured data mining approaches, apply a similarity matrix based prediction or an automatic fragmentation scheme into molecular substructures.

Although the judge ruled that Starbucks could not sue a parody and the case settled out of court, Dwyer was forced to comply with the ruling that he could no longer use his logo for its confusing similarity to that of Starbucks.

Articulatory suppression prevents this transfer, and in that case the above mentioned effect of phonological similarity is erased for visually presented items.