Edgar's will granted David the lands of the former kingdom of Strathclyde or Cumbria, and this was apparently agreed in advance by Edgar, Alexander, David and their brother-in-law Henry I of England.

He spent time in England ( John of England knighted him at Clerkenwell Priory in 1213 ) before succeeding to the kingdom on the death of his father on 4 December 1214, being crowned at Scone on 6 December the same year.

At the marriage of Alexander to Margaret of England in 1251, Henry III of England seized the opportunity to demand from his son-in-law homage for the Scottish kingdom, but Alexander did not comply.

Alfred successfully defended his kingdom against the Viking attempt at conquest, and by his death had become the dominant ruler in England.

As a result of influence from the West Saxons, the tribes were collectively called Anglo-Saxons by the Normans, the West Saxon kingdom having conquered, united and founded the Kingdom of England by the 10th century.

As part of Aquitaine, it was ruled by England between 1151 to 1452 and was a key commercial center at the southern end of the English kingdom.

Ultimately, the kingdom of Wessex occupied the southwest of England, but the initial stages in this expansion are not apparent from the sources.

If the sources for north-eastern Britain, the lands of the kingdom of Northumbria and the former Pictland, are limited and late, those for the areas on the Irish Sea and Atlantic coasts — the modern regions of north-west England and all of northern and western Scotland — are non-existent, and archaeology and toponymy are of primary importance.

While the sources for north-eastern Britain, the lands of the kingdom of Northumbria and the former Pictland, are limited and late, those for the areas on the Irish Sea and Atlantic coasts — the modern regions of north-west England and all of northern and western Scotland — are non-existent, and archaeology and toponymy are of primary importance.

The Annals of Ulster record the defeat of an Irish fleet from the kingdom of Ulaid by Vikings " on the coast of England " at about this time.

Charles hoped to unite the kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ireland into a new single kingdom, fulfilling the dream of his father, James VI of Scotland and I of England.

In AD 867 the Vikings seized Northumbria, forming the Kingdom of York ; three years later they stormed the Britons ’ fortress of Dumbarton and subsequently conquered much of England except for a reduced kingdom of Wessex, leaving the new combined Pictish and Gaelic kingdom almost encircled.

John inherited a sophisticated system of administration in England, with a range of royal agents answering to the Royal Household: the Chancery kept written records and communications ; the Treasury and the Exchequer dealt with income and expenditure respectively ; and various judges were deployed to deliver justice around the kingdom.

The string of Welsh castles Edward I of England had built were an exception in that he focused much of the resources of his kingdom on their speedy construction.

In 1207, Innocent III placed England under interdict until King John made his kingdom a fiefdom to the Pope, complete with yearly tribute, saying, " we offer and freely yield ... to our lord Pope Innocent III and his catholic successors, the whole kingdom of England and the whole kingdom of Ireland with all their rights and appurtenences for the remission of our sins ".

Therefore, after a failed agreement with Charles of Anjou, he invested that kingdom to Edmund, the nine-year-old son of King Henry III of England, on 14 May 1254.

The medieval Croatian kingdom reached its peak in the 11th century during the reigns of Petar Krešimir IV ( 1058 – 1074 ) and Dmitar Zvonimir ( 1075 – 1089 ).

In the 19th century, as Norway was achieving independence after centuries of union with Denmark and Sweden, the stories of the independent Norwegian medieval kingdom won great popularity in Norway.

In 1183 a general tax was levied throughout the kingdom, which was unprecedented in Jerusalem and almost all of medieval Europe to that point.

In southern Europe, the Inquisition existed in the kingdom of Aragon during the medieval period, but not elsewhere in the Iberian peninsula.

It has been a medieval duchy, an electorate of the Holy Roman Empire, a kingdom, and, from 1918 to 1952 and again from 1990, a republic.

The Society as a whole, each kingdom, and each local group within a kingdom, all have a standard group of officers with titles loosely based on medieval equivalents.

Beginning in 1964, the strip follows the antics of a large cast of characters in a shabby medieval kingdom called " Id ".

William's government blended elements of the English and Norman systems into a new one that laid the foundations of the later medieval English kingdom.

* The medieval Croatian state becomes a unified kingdom under Tomislav

Harald's kingdom ( in red ) and his vassals and allies ( in pink ), as set forth in Heimskringla, Knytlinga Saga, and other medieval Scandinavian sources.

In the last years of the Soviet Union, as nationalist movements swept throughout the Caucasus, many intellectuals in the North Ossetian ASSR called for the revival of the name of Alania, a medieval kingdom of the Alans, ancestors of the modern-day Ossetians.

Lviv was founded on the existent settlement most probably in 1240-1247 by Daniel, ruler of the medieval Ruthenian kingdom of Galicia – Volhynia, and named after his son, Lev.

This kingdom is the birthplace of an influential European medieval architectural style: Asturian Preromanesque.

It was originally an early medieval kingdom of varying boundaries known as Glywysing until taken over by the Normans as a lordship.

The rule of King Haakon and his successors until 1319 has sometimes been called the golden age of the Norwegian medieval kingdom, by later historians.

A fictional " kingdom of Illyria " is postulated alongside historical late medieval states of the region in the Fojnica Armorial ( 17th century ).

The Domesday survey was an administrative survey of the landholdings of the kingdom, and was unique to medieval Europe.

In the medieval kingdom of Georgia, the pretender Demna was castrated by his uncle George III of Georgia to ensure the supremacy of George's branch of the family.

Written accounts of this kingdom are variegated collections of medieval popular fantasy.

* Maya Rata, medieval kingdom in Sri Lanka

* Kingdom of Italy ( medieval ), a kingdom established by the Lombards in 568

In natural history, The Book of Healing was the first book to treat the three kingdoms ( the mineral, vegetable and animal kingdoms ) together systematically, and it contains the most extensive medieval discussion on geology and the mineral kingdom.

In the romances Arthur, like all medieval monarchs, moves round his kingdom.

It entailed the recruitment of clerical scholars from Mercia, Wales and abroad to enhance the tenor of the court and of the episcopacy ; the establishment of a court school to educate his own children, the sons of his nobles, and intellectually promising boys of lesser birth ; an attempt to require literacy in those who held offices of authority ; a series of translations into the vernacular of Latin works the king deemed " most necessary for all men to know "; the compilation of a chronicle detailing the rise of Alfred's kingdom and house ; and the issuance of a law code that presented the West Saxons as a new people of Israel and their king as a just and divinely inspired law-giver.

If the Christian faith fell into ruin in his kingdom, if the clergy were too ignorant to understand the Latin words they butchered in their offices and liturgies, if the ancient monasteries and collegiate churches lay deserted out of indifference, he was answerable before God, as Josiah had been.

Jonah (; or ; Greek / Latin: Ionas ) is the name given in the Hebrew Bible ( Tanakh / Old Testament ) to a prophet of the northern kingdom of Israel in about the 8th century BC, the eponymous central character in the Book of Jonah, famous for being swallowed by a fish or a whale, depending on translation.

The Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem was a Catholic kingdom established in the Levant in 1099 after the First Crusade.

The numbers of Latin inhabitants increased, as the minor crusade of 1101 brought reinforcements to the kingdom.

The Latin population of the kingdom was always small ; although a steady stream of settlers and new crusaders continually arrived, most of the original crusaders who fought in the First Crusade simply went home.

Each king then swore his individual oath in front of their assembled armies, not in Latin nor in his own language, but in the vernacular of the other's kingdom.

To some extent Reich is comparable in meaning and development to the English word realm ( via French reaume " kingdom " from Latin regalis " royal ").

Except for its Latin cognate regnum ( kingdom ) it is cognate with Scandinavian rike / rige,, and, as found in bishopric.

Both Livy ( in Latin, living in Augustus ' time ) and Plutarch ( in Greek, a century later ), described how Rome had developed its legislation, notably the transition from a kingdom to a republic, by following the example of the Greeks.

The term was understood in the Latin world as well, where Pliny the Elder glossed it as follows: " each is the equivalent of a kingdom, and also part of one " ( regnorum instar singulae et in regna contribuuntur ).

From a very early date, British coins have been inscribed with the name of the ruler of the kingdom in which they were produced, and a longer or shorter title, always in Latin ; among the earliest distinctive English coins are the silver pennies of Offa of Mercia, which were inscribed with the legend " King Offa ".

The southern highlands of the region were later named Judea after the kingdom of Judah, while the coastal region came to be known as Παλαιστίνη in Greek ( Latin Palaestina ), from the name of the Philistines.

The chief sources for Pelagius's life and career are two Latin chronicles produced in the late ninth century in the kingdom he founded.

In biology, kingdom ( Latin: regnum, pl.

The Bulgarian kingdom and Byzantine remnants soon united against the newly-founded Latin Empire.

The highest political division beneath that of kingdom among the Anglo-Saxons was the ealdormanry and, while the title ealdorman was replaced by the Danish eorl ( later earl ) over time, the first ealdormen were referred to as duces ( the plural of the original Latin dux ) in the chronicles.

Noricum, within the context of ancient history, is the Latin name for a Celtic kingdom, or federation of twelve tribes, including most of modern Austria and part of Slovenia.

Bernicia ( Old English: Bernice, Beornice ; Latin: Bernicia ) was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom established by Anglian settlers of the 6th century in what is now southeastern Scotland and North East England.

The name of the kingdom is of Brythonic origin, perhaps from Deifr, meaning " waters ", or from Daru, meaning " oak ", in which case it would mean " the people of the Derwent ", a derivation also found in the Latin name for Malton, Derventio.

As a result, war broke out between Saladin and the Latin kingdom in 1182.

Unable to revive the African dominion, William directed his attack on Egypt, from which Saladin threatened the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem.

The Kingdom of Kent ( Cent in Old English, Cantia regnum in Latin ) was a Jutish colony and later independent kingdom in what is now south east England.