Estimates differ as to when the Comminales evolved, but most suggest an origin and diversification sometime during the mid-to late Cretaceous.

In older literature the Cretaceous is sometimes divided into three series: Neocomian ( lower / early ), Gallic ( middle ) and Senonian ( upper / late ).

Geography of the Contiguous US in the late Cretaceous period

Famous formations from North America include the rich marine fossils of Kansas's Smoky Hill Chalk Member and the terrestrial fauna of the late Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation.

In the area that is now India, massive lava beds called the Deccan Traps were erupted in the very late Cretaceous and early Paleocene.

Image: Tyrannosaurus BW. jpg | Tyrannosaurus rex, one of the largest land predators of all time, lived during the late Cretaceous.

File: Velociraptor dinoguy2. jpg | Up to 2 m-long Velociraptor was likely feathered and roamed the late Cretaceous.

Marine reptiles included ichthyosaurs in the early and middle of the Cretaceous ( becoming extinct during the late Cretaceous Cenomanian-Turonian anoxic event ), plesiosaurs throughout the entire period, and mosasaurs appearing in the Late Cretaceous.

File: TylosaurusDB2. jpg | Tylosaurus was the largest known mosasaur, carnivorous marine reptiles that emerged in the late Cretaceous.

As is the case today, photosynthesizing organisms, such as phytoplankton and land plants, formed the primary part of the food chain in the late Cretaceous.

Many researchers believe the extinction was more gradual, resulting from the sea level and climate changes already occurring during the late Cretaceous, and aggravated by impact events or increased volcanic activity.

This plant extinction caused a major reshuffling of the dominant plant groups .< ref name =" autogenerated347 "> Photosynthesizing organisms, including phytoplankton and land plants, formed the foundation of the food chain in the late Cretaceous as they do today.

Approximately 35 % of echinoderm genera became extinct at the K – T boundary, although taxa that thrived in low-latitude, shallow-water environments during late Cretaceous had the highest extinction rate.

Their small size, adaptable metabolism, and ability to move to more favorable habitats were key factors in their survivability during the late Cretaceous and early Paleocene.

Primate evolution likely began in the late Cretaceous period.

About 90 million years ago, during the late Cretaceous Period, the Indian Plate began moving north at about 15 cm / year ( 6 in / yr ).

The climatic changes of the late Jurassic and Cretaceous provided for further adaptive radiation.

According to fossil evidence, the primitive ancestors of primates may have existed in the late Cretaceous period around 65 million years ago ; the oldest known primate is the Late Paleocene Plesiadapis, circa 55 – 58 million years ago .< ref name = ChatterjeeEtal2009 >

The earliest fossils attributed to the Polaes dates to the late Cretaceous period about 65. 5 million years ago, though some studies ( e. g., Bremer, 2002 ) suggest the origin of the of the group may extend to nearly 115 million years ago, likely in South America.

They existed from the late Triassic to the end of the Cretaceous Period ( 210 to 65. 5 million years ago ).

It existed during the late Cretaceous geological period of North America in present day Kansas, Alabama, Nebraska, Wyoming, and South Dakota.

Broadly defined, Pteranodon existed for more than four million years, during the late Coniacian to early Campanian stages of the Cretaceous period.

Ungulates diversified rapidly in the Eocene, but are thought to date back as far as the late Cretaceous.

This source refers to the use of a giant crossbow in the 6th to 5th century BC, corresponding to the late Spring and Autumn Period.

Crannogs were used as dwellings over five millennia from the European Neolithic Period, to as late as the 17th / early 18th century although in Scotland, convincing evidence for Early and Middle Bronze Age or Norse Period use is not currently present in the archaeological record.

During the late Old Kingdom and the First Intermediate Period ( c. 2181 – 2055 BC ), the Egyptians gradually came to believe that possession of a ba and the possibility of a paradisiacal afterlife extended to everyone.

These two tribes were among the Germanic peoples who clashed with the late Roman Empire during the Migration Period.

They actually have a shallow history, and though unadon ( kabayaki eel bowl ) and ( tempura bowl ) that go back to the late Edo Period, the oyakodon ( chicken-egg combo bowl ) is a Meiji era innovation, with other ) donburi dishes following suit in later years.

MIT operates on a 4 – 1 – 4 academic calendar with the fall semester beginning after Labor Day and ending in mid-December, a 4-week " Independent Activities Period " in the month of January, and the spring semester beginning in early February and ending in late May.

Its fossil remains have been found primarily in the Solnhofen limestone of Bavaria, Germany, dated to the late Jurassic Period ( early Tithonian ), about 150. 8-148. 5 million years ago, though more fragmentary remains have been identified from elsewhere in Europe and in Africa.

The earliest known star catalogues were compiled by the ancient Babylonian astronomers of Mesopotamia in the late 2nd millennium BC, during the Kassite Period ( ca.

Although the ancient Sumerians were the first to record the names of constellations on clay tablets, the earliest known star catalogues were compiled by the ancient Babylonians of Mesopotamia in the late 2nd millennium BC, during the Kassite Period ( ca.

These nomadic tribes were among the Germanic peoples who spread through the late Roman Empire during Late Antiquity or the Migration Period.

The former is a romanticised historical retelling of the events of the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period, while the latter criticises the deplorable socio-economic status of the late Northern Song Dynasty.

However, this view was questioned by other researchers ; the IPCC First Assessment Report of 1990 discussed the " Medieval Warm Period around 1000 AD ( which may not have been global ) and the Little Ice Age which ended only in the middle to late nineteenth century.

The demise of the dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous promoted expansion of the mammals, which had evolved from the therapsids, a group of synapsid reptiles, during the late Triassic Period.

A period of intense museum building, in both an intellectual and physical sense was realized in the late 19th and early 20th centuries ( this is often called " The Museum Period " or " The Museum Age ").

The first proto-turtles are believed to have existed in the late Triassic Period of the Mesozoic era, about 220 million years ago, and their shell, which has remained a remarkably stable body plan, is thought to have evolved from bony extensions of their backbones and broad ribs that expanded and grew together to form a complete shell that offered protection at every stage of its evolution, even when the bony component of the shell was not complete.

In the middle and late Cretaceous Period, about 100 million years ago, the San Luis Valley lay on the shore of or beneath the Western Interior Seaway a shallow sea which divided North America into two parts.

Evidence suggests that blast furnaces, that convert raw iron ore into pig iron, which can be remelted in a cupola furnace to produce cast iron by means of a cold blast and hot blast, were operational in China by the late Spring and Autumn Period ( 722 – 481 BCE ).

Fewer piano concertos were written in the late Romantic Period.

The Chalk Group is a European stratigraphic unit deposited during the late Cretaceous Period.

Although forbidden in the Hebrew Bible, magic was widely practiced in the late Second Temple Period and well documented in the period following the destruction of the Temple into the 3rd, 4th and 5th centuries C. E.

In the late Spring and Autumn Period ( 722 – 481 BC ), King Fuchai of Wu, ruler of the State of Wu ( present-day Suzhou ), ventured north to conquer the neighboring State of Qi.