The 1913 Handbook of Indians of Canada ( reprinting 1907 material from the Bureau of American Ethnology ), claims that North American natives practicing cannibalism included "... the Montagnais, and some of the tribes of Maine ; the Algonkin, Armouchiquois, Iroquois, and Micmac ; farther west the Assiniboine, Cree, Foxes, Chippewa, Miami, Ottawa, Kickapoo, Illinois, Sioux, and Winnebago ; in the South the people who built the mounds in Florida, and the Tonkawa, Attacapa, Karankawa, Caddo, and Comanche (?

Captain Vancouver played an undeniable role in the subsequent series of upheavals and losses in the lives and homelands of the Indians on the North American Pacific Coast, since his explorations opened up the region to European colonization of the New World.

He resented the suggestion ( from a man in North Carolina ) that " the Light and Spirit of God ... was not in the Indians ", a proposition which Fox refuted.

In the history of the European colonization of North America, the term " Indian massacre " was often used to describe either mass killings of Europeans by indigenous people of the North American continent ( Indians ) or mass killings of indigenous people by the Europeans and by Americans of European origin.

Those few who stayed behind eventually formed tribal groups including the Eastern Band Cherokee, based in North Carolina, the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, the Seminole Tribe of Florida, and the Creeks in Atmore, Alabama.

Handbook of North American Indians ( W. C. Sturtevant, General Ed.

Handbook of North American Indians ( Vol.

A 19th-century illustration, " Sugar-Making Among the Indians in the North "

Secotan Indians ' dance in North Carolina, watercolor by John White, 1585

A Cry from the Earth: Music of North American Indians.

Guide to research on North American Indians.

* Sletcher, Michael, " North American Indians ", in Will Kaufman and Heidi Macpherson, eds., Britain and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History, New York: Oxford University Press, 2005, 2 vols.

Handbook of North American Indians ( Vol.

The word nation can more specifically refer to people of North American Indians, such as the Cherokee Nation that prefer this term over the contested term tribe.

The North American Indians also communicated via smoke signal.

* Sinclair, A. T. ( 1909 ) " Tattooing of the North American Indians ," in American Anthropologist 1909 / 11, No. 3, p. 362-400

* Tuscarora Nation of Indians of North Carolina ( 2006 ); and

In 2006 the Skaroreh Katenuaka Nation, " AKA: Tuscarora Nation of Indians of North Carolina ", filed a federal lawsuit for recognition.

* David Landy, " Tuscarora ", Encyclopedia of North American Indians, Cengage Learning Website, Houghton Mifflin Company

15 of Handbook of North American Indians, ed.

** Armed Lumbee Indians confront a handful of Klansmen in Maxton, North Carolina.

On December 13, 1648, the General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony had ordered that the Colony's scattered militia companies be organized into North, South and East Regiments — with a goal of increasing the militias ' accountability to the colonial government, efficacy, and responsiveness in conflicts with indigenous Pequot Indians.

Men who migrated to the North American colonies often took their East Indian slaves or servants with them, as East Indians have been documented in colonial records.

The Indian Trade refers to trade between Europeans and their North American descendants with the Indigenous people of North America ( today known as Native Americans in the United States, and First Nations in Canada, but formerly as " Indians ").

British traders from South Carolina incited the Indians against the French, and there developed French and British Factions in the tribe.

The insistence of Bienville upon giving liberal prices to the Indians, in order to drive back the Carolina traders, was probably a factor that led to his recall in 1724.

Although he incited a few friendly Indians to pillage the invaders, and even kill some of them, the Carolina advance continued.

The Indians were not impressed and held to the Carolina traders, who swarmed over the country, almost to the Mississippi.

In addition, in 1758 the governor of South Carolina James Glen wrote: it has always been the policy of this government to create an aversion in them Indians to Negroes.

Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement in the Americas, was abandoned in 1699 when Williamsburg became the new capital of the colony ; the Zwaanendael Colony became a ghost town in 1632, when every one of the colonists were massacred by Indians ; and in 1590, mapmaker John White arrived at the Roanoke Colony in North Carolina to find it deserted, its inhabitants having vanished without a trace.

The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians is located on the Qualla Boundary in western North Carolina.

In 2007, the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians entered into a partnership with Southwestern Community College and Western Carolina University to create the Oconaluftee Institute for Cultural Arts ( OICA ), to emphasize native art and culture in traditional fine arts education, thus preserving traditional art forms and encouraging exploration of contemporary ideas.

In 1704 – 06, Carolina Governor Col. James Moore led colonial militia and Ochese Creek and Yamasee warriors in raids that destroyed the Spanish missions of the Florida interior ; they captured some 10, 000 unarmed ' mission Indians ,' the Timucua and Apalachee, and sold them into slavery.

The Kinston Indians relocated to Zebulon, North Carolina east of Raleigh next year to replace the AA level Carolina Mudcats and will adapt the " Mudcats " name.

File: North carolina algonkin-kleidung02. jpg | Man of the Secotan Indians in North Carolina.

File: North carolina algonkin-kleidung03. jpg | Mother and child of the Secotan Indians in North Carolina.

File: North carolina algonkin-kleidung04. jpg | Mother and child of the Secotan Indians in North Carolina.

File: North carolina algonkin-kleidung08. jpg | Warrior of the Secotan Indians in North Carolina.

Although not specifically intended to resolve, or address claims of a " Lost Colony " at Roanoke, Special Indian Agent Orlando M. McPherson of North Carolina in response to a Senate Resolution in 1914 completed an investigation into the Indians of North Carolina.

In a letter from the United States Secretary of the Interior responding to a Senate Resolution dated June 30, 1914, a Report on the Condition and Tribal Rights of the Indians of Robeson and Adjoining Counties of North Carolina was commissioned.

The colony was established by Richard Grenville, who bought back two native Indians, one of them Manteo which gave the North Carolina town its name.