In 1211, after some desultory operations, he concluded a five years ' truce with Malik-el-Adil ; in 1212 he lost his wife, who left him a daughter, Yolande ( also known as Isabella ); soon afterwards he married the princess Stephanie, daughter of Leo I, King of Armenia.

He contributed, by the capture of several cities, to accelerate the peace, which was concluded between the king of France and his sister, Isabella, queen-consort of England.

In response, Julius concluded an alliance with France and the Holy Roman Empire against Venice ; the death of Isabella I of Castile and the resulting collapse of relations between the parties soon dissolved the alliance, but not before Venice had been induced to abandon several of the cities.

Isabella, then aged twelve, was effectively sidelined by the pair.

Hugh Despenser the younger and Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel | Edmund Fitzalan brought before Isabella for trial in 1326 ; the pair were gruesomely executed

On 14 November 1501, Elizabeth's eldest son, Arthur ( aged 15 ), married Catherine of Aragon, daughter of Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, and the pair were sent to Ludlow Castle, traditional residence of the Prince of Wales.

Philip had Charles betrothed to Isabella of Bourbon, the daughter of Charles I, Duke of Bourbon, and Agnes of Burgundy, in late March 1454, and the pair were married on 31 October 1454.

In the early morning hours of March 18, 1990 – as the city was preoccupied with Saint Patrick's Day celebrations – a pair of thieves disguised themselves as Boston police officers, gained entry to the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, and stole thirteen works of art.

* 1502 10 July – By a Royal Warrant passed in Toledo by Isabella I of Castile, Gibraltar was granted its coat of arms: " An escutcheon on which the upper two thirds shall be a white field and on the said field set a red castle, and below the said castle, on the other third of the escutcheon, which must be a red field in which there must be a white line between the castle and the said red field, there shall be a golden key which hangs by a chain from the said castle, as are here figured ".

Isabella is dissatisfied, having believed the Morlands were quite wealthy, but she pretends to Catherine that she is merely dissatisfied that they must wait so long.

Meanwhile Thomas senior had taken a mistress, Isabella, from Clan Gordon, which must have been a bitter blow to his wife.

When the ship starts sinking, Isabella must reluctantly leaves Wynn when he forces her to board a lifeboat.

In 1499, Queen Isabella I decreed that all Muslims must convert to Christianity or leave Spain ; she had many Arabic books burned in Byazien Square in Granada.

Of all the children Isabella was considered to have been the favourite.

At the time of her wedding, Isabella was said to have been pretty, slim, graceful and well-dressed.

The Dutchman Fopp Gerritsz, while in command of a whaling expedition sent out by the Englishman John Clarke, of Dunkirk, claimed ( in 1631 ) to have discovered the island on June 28 and named it " Isabella ".

Contemporary chroniclers argued that John had fallen deeply in love with Isabella, and John may have been motivated by desire for an apparently beautiful, if rather young, girl.

As a leper, Baldwin could have no children and could not be expected to rule much longer, so the focus of his succession passed to his sister Sibylla and his younger half-sister Isabella.

Raymond had refused to attend the coronation, and in Nablus he suggested that Isabella and Humphrey should be crowned instead, but Humphrey refused to agree to this plan which would have certainly started a civil war.

Despite his many marriages he did not have a son so on 30 June 1833 he was influenced by his wife to abolish the Salic Law so that her daughter, Isabella, could become queen depriving his brother, Don Carlos, of the throne.

Possibly confused with Isabella Palaiologina, an illegitimate daughter of Manuel II known to have married Ilario Doria.

While in France, however, Isabella conspired with the exiled Roger Mortimer to have the king deposed.

Many have believed that Isabella then arranged the murder of Edward II.

This indicates that Isabella was slender and pale-skinned, although the fashion at the time was for blonde, slightly full-faced women, and Isabella may well have followed this stereotype instead.

Isabella did, however, have four children by Edward, leading to an opinion amongst historians that Edward's affairs with his male favourites may have been platonic.

Given Edward's unpopularity, the rumours spread considerably before Deydras ' eventual execution, and appear to have greatly upset Isabella.

This was condemned by contemporary chroniclers, and is felt to have caused concern to Isabella as well ; some of those widows being persecuted included her friends.

Indeed, various authors have suggested that there is evidence that Hugh Despenser the younger may have attempted to assault Isabella herself in some fashion.

At this point, Isabella appears to have realised that her marriage was effectively over and begun to consider radical solutions.

Victorian writers suggested that, given later events, Isabella might have helped Mortimer escape and some historians continue to argue that their relationship had already begun at this point, although most believe that there is no hard evidence for their having had a substantial relationship before meeting in Paris.

Isabella was reintroduced to Mortimer in Paris by her cousin, Joan, Countess of Hainault, who appears to have approached Isabella suggesting a marital alliance between their two families, marrying Prince Edward to Joan's daughter, Philippa.

Isabella also appears to have made a secret agreement with the Scots for the duration of the forthcoming campaign.

The poet Ariosto lauded her as the " liberal and magnanimous Isabella ", while author Matteo Bandello described her as having been " supreme among women ".

Isabella was also a talented singer and musician, and was taught to play the lute by Giovanni Angelo Testagrossa In addition to all these admirable accomplishments, she also was an innovator of new dances, having been instructed in the art by Ambrogio, a Jewish dancing master.

Isabella left Mantua for Rome in 1527 after having been involved in a conflict with her husband.

Isabella's mother Maria and the Ibelins ( now closely allied to Conrad ) argued that Isabella and Humphrey's marriage was illegal, as she had been underage at the time ; underlying this was the fact that Humphrey had betrayed his wife's cause in 1186.

Born in Florence, the son of Bartolomeo Corsini, Marquis of Casigliano and his wife Isabella Strozzi, sister of the Duke of Bagnuolo, Corsini had been an aristocratic lawyer and financial manager under preceding pontiffs.

Isabella had been given the Great Seal, and was using it to rule in the names of the King, herself, and their son as appropriate ; nonetheless, these actions were illegal, and could at any moment be challenged.

Isabella had begun to build up her own supporters at court, principally the de Beaumont family, itself opposed to the Lancastrians ; originating, like her, from France, the senior member of the family, Isabella de Vesci, had been a close confidant of Queen Eleanor ; supported by her brother, Henry de Beaumont, Isabella de Vesci became a close friend of Isabella in turn.

Whilst Isabella had been able to work with Gaveston, Edward's previous favourite, it became increasingly clear that Hugh the younger and Isabella could not work out a similar compromise.

Having evaded Edward's fleet, which had been sent to intercept them, Isabella and Mortimer landed at Orwell on the east coast of England on 24 September with a small force ; estimates of Isabella's army vary from between 300 to around 2, 000 soldiers, with 1, 500 being a popular middle figure.

Hugh de Despenser the elder continued to hold Bristol against Isabella and Mortimer, who placed it under siege between 18 – 26 October ; when it fell, Isabella was able to recover her daughters Eleanor and Joan, who had been kept in the Despenser's custody.

Hugh Despenser the elder had been captured at Bristol, and despite some attempts by Isabella to protect him, was promptly executed by his Lancastrian enemies – his body was hacked to pieces and fed to the local dogs.

Once the core of the Despenser regime had been executed, Isabella and Mortimer began to show restraint.

Berkeley Castle, where Edward II of England | Edward II was popularly said to have been murdered on the orders of Isabella and Mortimer ; some current scholarship disputes this interpretation.

Isabella de Vesci escaped punishment, despite have been closely involved in the plot.

Queen Isabella appeared with a major role in Christopher Marlowe's play Edward II, and thereafter has been frequently used as a character in plays, books and films, often portrayed as beautiful but manipulative or wicked.