The word comes from the Italian word tariffa " list of prices, book of rates ," which is derived from the Arabic ta ' rif " to notify or announce.

In fact, at the end of 2010, Abruzzo's growth was 1. 47 %, which placed it fourth among the Italian regions with the highest annual growth rates after Lazio, Lombardy and Calabria.

A grid ( known as the Parity Grid ) of bilateral rates was calculated on the basis of these central rates expressed in ECUs, and currency fluctuations had to be contained within a margin of 2. 25 % on either side of the bilateral rates ( with the exception of the Italian lira, which was allowed a margin of 6 %).

The US edition also included such information as US Dollar to other currency exchange rates ( current as of January 1972 ), weight and measurement conversion charts, and brief lists of phrases and numbers for French, German, Spanish and Italian.

The demographic history of Croatia is marked by significant migrations, including the arrival of the Croats in the area growth of Hungarian and German speaking population since the personal union of Croatia and Hungary, and joining of the Habsburg Empire, migrations set off by Ottoman conquests and growth of Italian speaking population in Istria and in Dalmatia during Venetian rule there.

This was reflected in Constantinople by the construction of the Blachernae palace, the creation of brilliant new works of art, and general prosperity at this time: an increase in trade, made possible by the growth of the Italian city-states, may have helped the growth of the economy.

Other utilitarian-type views include the claims that the end of action is survival and growth, as in evolutionary ethics ( the 19th-century English philosopher Herbert Spencer ); the experience of power, as in despotism ( the 16th-century Italian political philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli and the 19th-century German Friedrich Nietzsche ); satisfaction and adjustment, as in pragmatism ( 20th-century American philosophers Ralph Barton Perry and John Dewey ); and freedom, as in existentialism ( the 20th-century French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre ).

The 1932 Italian Encyclopedia stated: " For Fascism, the growth of empire, that is to say the expansion of the nation, is an essential manifestation of vitality, and its opposite a sign of decadence.

On the other hand, during rehearsals, workmen in the theater stopped what they were doing during Va, pensiero and applauded at the conclusion of this haunting melody while the growth of the " identification of Verdi's music with Italian nationalist politics " is judged to have begun in the summer 1846 in relation to a chorus from Ernani in which the name of one of its characters, " Carlo ", was changed to " Pio ", a reference to Pope Pius IX's grant of an amnesty to political prisoners.

Territorial growth of Italian Libya: Territory ceded by Ottoman Empire 1912 ( dark-green ) but effectively Italy controlled only five ports ( black ), territories ceced by France and Britain 1919 and 1926 ( light-green ), territories ceced by France and Britain 1934 / 35 ( red )

The population of Italy almost doubled during the twentieth century, but the pattern of growth was extremely uneven due to large-scale internal migration from the rural South to the industrial cities of the North, a phenomenon which happened as a consequence of the Italian economic miracle of the 1950-60s.

It has been calculated that the Italian economy experienced an average rate of growth of GDP of 5. 8 % per year between 1951 – 63, and 5. 0 % per year between 1964-73.

In Autumn 2011, Standard & Poor's and Moody's downgraded Italian sovereign debt rating because of " Italy's weakening economic growth prospects.

The growth of many suburbs and satellite settlements around the city proper, following the Italian economic miracle of 1950s – 60s and massive commuting flows, suggest that socioeconomic linkages have expanded well beyond the boundaries of its administrative limits and its agglomeration, creating a region of approximately 9. 3 million people.

Starting from the 1950s the region has enjoyed prosperous growth, thanks in part to its special autonomy from the central Italian government.

The Roman occupation of Hispania had meant a growth of maritime trade between the Iberian and Italian peninsulas.

In the 1950s and 1960s, Italy saw a period of rapid modernization and sustained economic growth, the so-called Italian economic miracle.

The growth of the film society movement in Kerala introduced the works of the French and Italian New Wave directors to the discerning Malayali film enthusiasts.

The genre's instantaneous growth began with the 1959 U. S. theatrical release of Hercules, a 1957 Italian / French co-production.

Between 1990 and 2001, the population of Valle d ' Aosta has grown by 5. 4 %, which is the highest growth among the Italian regions.

They encouraged the establishment of Italian merchant communities in Tarsus, Adana and Mamistra, and became a large source of revenue for the growth and development of Cilician Armenia.

With the growth of Italian immigration came the growth in the influence of the Roman Catholic Church such that the Parish of Our Lady, Help of Christians, was founded in the downtown area of St. Louis in 1900 to serve primarily recent Sicilian immigrants, while the Parish of St. Ambrose was founded in what later came to be known as the Hill in 1903 to serve primarily the recent northern Italian immigrants.

These were carried out not too faithfully by Filippo Costaggini, who began by supplying the missing member to the founder of Pennsylvania and noting in pencil, in Italian, that he `` began at this point ''.

After the first two were blacked out, the third light was abandoned by a terrified Italian crew, who left their light to shine for nine minutes like an unerring homing beacon until British MP's shot it out.

If the change, at first sight, seems minor, we may recall that it took the Italian painters about two hundred years to make an analogous change, and the Italian painters, by universal consent, were the most brilliant group of geniuses any art has seen.

She became aware that two Italian workmen, carrying a large azalea pot, were standing before her and wanted her to move so that they could begin arranging a new row of the display.

Several later books were original in Europe, and at least one novel has only ever appeared in Italian, no English version yet published.

At the Anabaptist Council of Venice 1550, the early Italian instigators of the Radical Reformation committed to the views of Miguel Servet ( d. 1553 ), and these were promulgated by Giorgio Biandrata and others into Poland and Transylvania.

Another group of cloistered " Nuns of St Ambrose ", also called the Annunciatae ( Italian: Annunziate ) of Lombardy or " Sisters of St Marcellina ", were founded in 1408 by three young women of Pavia, Dorothea Morosini, Eleonora Contarini, and Veronica Duodi.

Unofficial AmigaOne clones were developed by Italian hardware company, Acube.

In painting, Dürer had relatively little influence in Italy, where probably only his altarpiece in Venice was seen, and his German successors were less effective in blending German and Italian styles.

Vicious air bombings were targeted on Alicante during the three years of civil conflict, most notably the bombing by the Italian Aviazione Legionaria of the Mercado de Abastos in 25 May 1938 in which more than 300 civilians perished.

Classicizing architectonic structure and decor all ' antica, in the " ancient mode ", became a fashionable way to frame a painted or bas-relief portrait, or protect an expensive and precious mirror during the High Renaissance ; Italian precedents were imitated in France, then in Spain, England and Germany during the later 16th century.

During the Greco-Turkish War ( 1919-1922 ) campaign ( part of the Turkish War of Independence ) Afyon and the surrounding hills were occupied by French, Italian and then Greek forces.

Benny recalls the first records he bought were " Du Bist Musik " by Italian schlager singer Caterina Valente and Elvis Presley's " Jailhouse Rock ".

The New Wave of French and Italian art directors and their stars were riding high internationally, and he felt Bardot was being undersold.

He also addressed replies to marchioness Vittoria Colonna, Claudio Tolomei, and other Italian sympathizers who were reluctant to go to the same length as himself.

The conception bears a remarkable resemblance to that of Paradise Lost ; and it is nearly certain that Milton, whose sympathies with the Italian Reformation were so strong, must have been acquainted with it.

He went to Basel, where Lelio Sozzini and the lawyer Martino Muralto were sent to secure Ochino as pastor of the Italian church at Zürich, which Ochino accepted.

Other notable 17th-century outbreaks were the Italian Plague ( 1629 – 1631 ); the Great Plague of Seville ( 1647 – 1652 ); the Great Plague of London ( 1665 – 1666 ); and the Great Plague of Vienna ( 1679 ).

Rather than the more aristocratic themes and music of the Italian opera, the ballad operas were set to the music of popular folk songs and dealt with lower-class characters.

He composed about 200 songs, some of which were translated into a variety of languages including English, Japanese, Greek, Italian, Bulgarian, Romanian, Persian, Urdu and Arabic.

A number of other European languages have cognate words that were borrowed from the Germanic languages during the Middle Ages, including brog in Irish, bwr or bwrc, meaning " wall, rampart " in Welsh, bourg in French, burg in Catalan ( in Catalonia there is a town named Burg ), borgo in Italian, and burgo in Spanish ( hence the place-name Burgos ).

The Bonaparte ( originally Buonaparte ) family were from minor Italian nobility who held most of their property in the hill town of San Miniato near Florence, Italy.

General Oreste Baratieri, commander of the Italian forces, knew the Ethiopian forces had been living off the land, and once the supplies of the local peasants were exhausted, Emperor Menelik's army would begin to melt away.

However, it is likely that fewer fought in the actual battle on the Italian side: Harold Marcus notes that " several thousand " soldiers were needed in support roles and to guard the lines of communication to the rear.