This view was elaborated in traditional Jain cosmology and Buddhist cosmology, which depicts the cosmos as a vast, flat oceanic disk ( of the magnitude of a small planetary system ), bounded by mountains, in which the continents are set as small islands.

The actual process of change from one life to the next is called punarbhava ( Sanskrit ) or punabbhava ( Pāli ), literally " becoming again ", or more briefly bhava, " becoming ", and some English-speaking Buddhists prefer the term " rebirth " or " re-becoming " to render this term as they take " reincarnation " to imply a fixed entity that is reborn .< ref >" Reincarnation in Buddhism: What the Buddha Didn't Teach " By Barbara O ' Brien, About. com < sup > Popular Jain cosmology and Buddhist cosmology as well as a number of schools of Hinduism posit rebirth in many worlds and in varied forms.

* Jain cosmology

According to Jain cosmology, every time cycle has nine sets of Baladeva ( balabhadra ), vasudeva ( narayana ) and partivasudeva ( anti vasudeva or anti hero ).

Painting of Mount Meru as per Jain cosmology from Jain text Samghayanarayana loose-leaf manuscript

Mount Meru (), also called Sumeru i. e. the " Excellent Meru " and Mahameru i. e. " Great Meru ", is a sacred mountain in Jain cosmology, Hindu as well as Buddhist cosmology and is considered to be the center of all the physical, metaphysical and spiritual universes.

In Jainism, Naraka is the name given to realm of existence in Jain cosmology having great suffering.

Jain philosophy deals extensively with the problems of metaphysics, reality, cosmology, ontology, epistemology and divinity.

# Demi-god in First Saudharma ( Name of Heaven as per Jain cosmology )

# Demi-god in Fifth Brahma ( Name of heaven as per Jain cosmology )

# Demi-god in Second Ishana ( Name of heaven as per Jain cosmology )

# Demi-god in Fourth Mahendra ( Name of Heaven as per Jain cosmology )

# Demi-god in Seventh Mahashukra ( Name of heaven as per Jain cosmology )

# Demi-god in Seventh Mahashukra ( Name of heaven as per Jain cosmology )

# Demi-god in tenth Pranata ( Name of heaven as per Jain cosmology )

The Puranas ( Sanskrit:, " of ancient times ") are a genre of important Hindu, Jain and Buddhist religious texts, notably consisting of narratives of the history of the universe from creation to destruction, genealogies of kings, heroes, sages, and demigods, and descriptions of Hindu cosmology, philosophy, and geography.

* There are 63 Salakapurusas ( great beings ) in Jain cosmology

* Jain cosmology

Siddha Shila as per the Jain cosmology

As noted, however, Jain mythology asserts that the line of Tirthankars in the present era began with Rishabhdeva ; moreover, Jains themselves believe that Jainism has no single founder, and that it has always existed and will always exist, although it is occasionally forgotten by humans.

Kubera is a popular figure in Buddhist as well as Jain mythology.

* Yaksha, spirits in Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology

The ceilings feature engraved designs of lotus-buds, petals, flowers and scenes from Jain and Hindu mythology.

They appear in Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology.

Yakshinis (, also called yaksinis or yaksis and yakkhini in Pali ) are mythical beings of Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain mythology.

Some Jains abstain from farming because it inevitably entails unintentional killing or injuring of many small animals, such as worms and insects, but agriculture is not forbidden in general and there are Jain farmers.

Among the five-sensed beings, the rational ones ( humans ) are most strongly protected by Jain ahimsa.

Jain libraries are the oldest in the country.

Jain scholars have explained in-depth methods and techniques that are said to result in clearance of past accumulated karmas as well as stopping the inflow of fresh karmas.

The Great Vows are prescribed for Jain monastics while limited vows ( anuvrata ) are prescribed for householders.

The special Jinas who not only rediscover dharma but also preach it for the Jain community are called Tirthankara.

For this reason Jains are encouraged to keep their tradition, and at the same time respect other practices so as to complete the Jain view.

Jain meditation techniques are designed to assist the practitioner to remain apart from clinging and hatred thereby liberating from karmic bondages through the Ratnatraya: right perception, right knowledge and right

In India there are several Jain Monks, in categories like Acharya, Upadhyaya and Muni.

Jain festivals are characterized by both internal and external celebrations.

The Khandagiri and Udaygiri caves near Bhubaneswar are the only surviving stone Jain monuments in Orissa.

There are many Jain communities in different parts of India and around the world.

In Belgium, the very successful Indian diamond community in Antwerp, almost all of whom are Jain, opened the largest Jain temple outside India in 2010, to strengthen Jain values in and across Western Europe.

Digambaras believe that only the first five lines are formally part of the Namokar Mantra ( the main Jain prayer ), whereas Svetambaras believe all nine form the mantra.

Jain scriptures also describe nigodas, which are sub-microscopic creatures living in large clusters and having a very short life and are said to pervade each and every part of universe, even in tissues of plants and flesh of animals.

by Kanti Jain, and now excimer laser lithography machines ( steppers and scanners ) are the primary tools used worldwide in microelectronics production.

In India, the Marwari Jain community pioneered the pawnbroking business, but today others are involved ; the work is done by many agents called " saudagar ".

The Ardhamagadhi language (" half Magadhi "), an archaic form of the Magadhi language which was used extensively to write Jain scriptures, is often considered to be the definitive form of Prakrit, while others are considered variants thereof.

The Jain basadi nearby are equally rich in sculptural detail.

The matha and Jain temple are situated at base of Vindhyagiri hill.