In 1747, while serving as surgeon on HMS Salisbury, James Lind carried out a controlled experiment to develop a cure for scurvy.

Lind had two sons – John and James.

The elder son, John ( 1751 – 1794 ), studied medicine and succeeded James Lind as Chief Physician at Haslar Hospital in 1783.

* James Lind Biography

* James Lind Library ( including biography and extracts from Lind's most important works )

* The James Lind Alliance, part of the James Lind Initiative to involve patients and clinicians in prioritising treatment uncertainties for clinical research

* James Lind Institute creates future bellwethers of clinical research industry and carries forward the legacy of James Lind

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It was a Scottish surgeon in the Royal Navy, James Lind who first proved it could be treated with citrus fruit in experiments he described in his 1753 book, A Treatise of the Scurvy, though his advice was not implemented by the Royal Navy for several decades.

James Lind, a pioneer in the field of scurvy prevention

However, it was not until 1747 that James Lind formally proved that scurvy could be treated and prevented by supplementing the diet with citrus fruit such as limes or lemons, though not by other acids, in the first ever clinical trial.

James Watt, FRS, FRSE ( 19 January 173625 August 1819 ) was a Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer whose improvements to the Newcomen steam engine were fundamental to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in both his native Great Britain and the rest of the world.

Professor James Beattie FRSE ( 25 October 1735 – 18 August 1803 ) was a Scottish poet, moralist and philosopher.

Sir James Whyte Black OM FRS FRSE FRCP ( 14 June 1924 – 22 March 2010 ) was a Scottish doctor and pharmacologist.

James ( Jim ) D. Gallagher CB FRSE is a Scottish civil servant, professor and company director.

Sir James Alfred Ewing KCB FRS FRSE MInstitCE ( 27 March 1855-7 January 1935 ) was a Scottish physicist and engineer, best known for his work on the magnetic properties of metals and, in particular, for his discovery of, and coinage of the word, hysteresis.

Sir Kenneth James Dover, FRSE, FBA ( 11 March 1920 – 7 March 2010 ) was a distinguished British Classical scholar and academic, who was head of an Oxford college and from 1981 until his retirement in December 2005 was Chancellor of the University of St Andrews.

Sir James Hall of Dunglass, 4th Baronet FRS FRSE ( 17 January 1761 – 23 June 1832 ) was a Scottish geologist and geophysicist, born at Dunglass, Haddingtonshire, to Sir John Hall, 3rd Baronet ( died 1776 ), by his spouse, Magdalen ( died 1763 ) daughter of Sir Robert Pringle, 3rd Baronet, of Stichill, Roxburghshire.

James Anderson FRSE FSA ( Scot ) ( 1739, Long Hermiston, Midlothian – 15 October 1808, West Ham, Essex ) was a Scottish agriculturist, journalist and economist.

James Moncreiff, 1st Baron Moncreiff FRSE ( 29 November 1811 – 27 April 1895 ), was a Scottish lawyer and politician.

Robert James " Sam " Berry FRSE FSB ( born 26 October 1934 ) is a British geneticist, naturalist and Christian.

James Scott Cumberland Reid, Baron Reid, CH, KC FRSE ( 30 July 1890, Drem, East Lothian – 29 March 1975 ) was a Scottish Unionist politician and judge.

* 1924-1926 George James Lidstone, LLD FRSE

* 1942-1944 Finlay James Cameron, FRSE

* 1944-1946 James Gray Kyd, CBE FRSE

His two Stanford teams went 9 – 3 in 1977 with a win in the Sun Bowl, and 8 – 4 in 1978 with a win in the Bluebonnet Bowl ; his notable players at Stanford included quarterbacks Guy Benjamin and Steve Dils, wide receivers James Lofton and Ken Margerum, and running back Darrin Nelson.

In 1849 James Brooke and his Malays attacked the Sea-Dayaks and wiped out 800 of the 4, 000 pirates.

As first discovered by James D. Watson and Francis Crick, the structure of DNA of all species comprises two helical chains each coiled round the same axis, and each with a pitch of 34 ångströms ( 3. 4 nanometres ) and a radius of 10 ångströms ( 1. 0 nanometres ).

Outgoing President James Polk's term ended at noon on March 4, which was a Sunday.

While the terms of President James K. Polk and Vice President George Mifflin Dallas had expired, Atchison's tenure as President pro tempore had already expired when the Thirtieth Congress adjourned sine die on March 4.

James Cook, during the Years 1772, 3, 4, and 5 ( 2 vols ), London ( 1777 ).

Forrest J. Ackerman ( born Forrest James Ackerman ; November 24, 1916 – December 4, 2008 ) was an American collector of science fiction books and movie memorabilia and a science fiction fan.

He may refer to Hebrews ( Book 2, Chapter 30 ) and James ( Book 4, Chapter 16 ) and maybe even 2 Peter ( Book 5, Chapter 28 ) but does not cite Philemon, 3 John or Jude.

James Danforth " Dan " Quayle (; born February 4, 1947 )

James Monroe ( April 28, 1758 – July 4, 1831 ) was the fifth President of the United States ( 1817 – 1825 ).

When his presidency ended on March 4, 1825, James Monroe resided at Monroe Hill, what is now included in the grounds of the University of Virginia.

Following Labour's 1979 general election defeat by Margaret Thatcher, James Callaghan remained party leader for the next 18 months before he resigned and Foot was elected Labour leader on 4 November 1980, beating Denis Healey in the second round of the leadership election ( the last leadership contest to involve only Labour MPs ).

The British first sighted New Caledonia on 4 September 1774, during the second voyage of Captain James Cook.

He is also a character in Shakespeare's Henry IV, Part 1 and was the hero of James Hill's UK TV movie Owain, Prince of Wales, broadcast in 1983 in the early days of Channel 4 / S4C.

The term foursquare refers to the four fundamental beliefs of Pentecostalism: Jesus saves according to John 3: 16, baptizes with the Holy Spirit according to Acts 2: 4, heals bodily according to James 5: 15, and is coming again to receive those who are saved according to 1 Thessalonians 4: 16 – 17.

He also starred alongside James Corden and Mathew Horne in episode 4 of Horne & Corden.

The word parousia is found in the following verses: Matthew 24: 3, 27, 37, 39 ; 1 Corinthians 15: 23 ; 1 Thessalonians 2: 19 ; 3: 13 ; 4: 15 ; 5: 23 ; 2 Thessalonians 2: 1, 8, 9 ; James 5: 7, 8 ; 2 Peter 1: 16 ; 3: 4, 12 ; 1 John 2: 28.

< tr >< td > 8 < td > James Wilson < td >< td > 4 August 1869 < td > 4 November 1872

* 11-Robert Brown, 82, British actor ( M in 4 James Bond films ).

* James Hankins, " Exclusivist Republicanism and the Non-Monarchical Republic ," Political Theory 38. 4 ( August 2010 ), 452-482.

Robin William Askin was born in Sydney, New South Wales on 4 April 1907 at the Crown Street Women's Hospital, the eldest of three sons of Ellen Laura Halliday ( née Rowe ) and William James Askin, an Adelaide-born sailor and worker for New South Wales Railways.