John had his officials sell indulgences, a controversial practice that was protested in various parts of Europe, for instance by the followers of Jan Hus in Prague.

The Council also condemned and executed Jan Hus and ruled on issues of national sovereignty, the rights of pagans, and just war in response to a conflict between the Kingdom of Poland and the Order of the Teutonic Knights.

Painting of Jan Hus in Council of Constance by Václav Brožík

These reforms were largely directed against John Wycliff, mentioned in the opening session, and condemned in the eighth, 4 May 1415 and Jan Hus, and their followers.

The Hussites ( or Kališníci ; " Chalice People ") were a Christian movement following the teachings of Czech reformer Jan Hus ( c. 1369 – 1415 ), who became one of the forerunners of the Protestant Reformation.

After the Council of Constance lured Jan Hus in with a letter of indemnity, then tried him for heresy and put him to death at the stake on 6 July 1415, the Hussites fought the Hussite Wars ( 1420 – 1434 ) for their religious and political cause.

The authorities of both countries appealed urgently and repeatedly to King Sigismund to release Jan Hus ( John Huss ).

* 1415 – Jan Hus is burned at the stake.

* Jan Hus Day ( Czech Republic )

* Jan Hus

* Jan Hus

* 1415 – Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus are condemned as heretics at the Council of Constance.

At his trial in 1415, Jan Hus argued that the Church does not necessarily need a Pope, because, during the Pontificate of " Pope Agnes " ( as he also called her ), it got on quite well.

Nevertheless, other interpretations have been suggested, such as the chalice used by the followers of Czech Jan Hus, or its vague resemblance to a cross in some stylized representations.

* 1415: Jan Hus is burned at the stake as a heretic at the Council of Constance.

* Jan Hus, Bohemian religious thinker and reformer ( c. 1369 – 1415 ).

* Jan Hus begins preaching Wycliffite ideas in Bohemia.

* Jan Hus is excommunicated by the Archbishop of Prague.

* June 5 – The Council of Constance condemns the writings of John Wycliffe and asks Jan Hus to recant in public his heresy ; after his denial, he is tried for heresy, excommunicated, then sentenced to be burned at the stake.

* July 6 – Jan Hus is burned at the stake in Konstanz.

* July 6 – Jan Hus, Bohemian reformer ( burned at the stake ) ( b. 1369 )

Martin Luther's spiritual predecessors included John Wycliffe and Jan Hus, who likewise had attempted to reform the Roman Catholic Church.

Older Protestant churches, such as the Unitas Fratrum ( Unity of the Brethren ), Moravian Brethren ( Bohemian Brethren ) date their origins to Jan Hus in the early 15th century.

The first of a series of disruptive and new perspectives came from John Wycliffe at Oxford University, then from Jan Hus at the University of Prague.

In one of the clearest signs of Soviet control over the region, the Czechoslovakian foreign minister, Jan Masaryk, was summoned to Moscow and berated by Stalin for thinking of joining the Marshall Plan.

In one of the clearest signs of Soviet control over the region up to that point, the Czechoslovakian foreign minister, Jan Masaryk, was summoned to Moscow and berated by Stalin for considering joining the Marshall Plan.

John of Leiden, a Dutch Anabaptist disciple of Matthys, and a group of local merchants, summoned Jan Matthys to come.

Meanwhile, as a governor of Prague, he dismissed the city's council, summoned a new one and succeeded to terminate the internal discords between Jan Žižka and Utraquists, enabling a successful Hussite military campaign to Moravia against Emperor Sigismund.

* 1296 Jan, He is summoned to attend to the King Edward at Salisbury

This guarantee was essential after the treatment of Jan Hus, who was tried and executed at the Council of Constance in 1415 despite a promise of safe conduct.

The Hussite movement assumed a revolutionary character as soon as the news of the execution of Jan Hus by order of the Council of Constance ( 6 July 1415 ) reached Prague.

Jan Hus at the council of Constance painted by Václav Brožík.

# Master Jan Hus on Council of Constance ( 1883 )

Nevertheless, on the eighth of November four decrees were published, all of them directed against easy targets: against the followers of the heretical reformers, Jan Hus, recently burnt at the stake at the Council of Constance, safe conduct or no, and against the English followers of John Wyclif, who claimed that the highest authority was the Bible ; against the followers of the schismatic Antipope Benedict XIII ; a decree postponing the negotiations with the Greeks and other Eastern Orthodox churches ( which were later worked into acceptable compromises in the long working sessions of the Council of Florence, 1438 to 1445 ); and a decree advising greater vigilance against heresy, the easiest target of all.

Jerome of Prague ( Jeroným Pražský in Czech, 1379 – 30 May 1416 ) was a Czech church reformer and one of the chief followers of Jan Hus who was burned for heresy at the Council of Constance.

As one of six diplomats that represented the Polish Kingdom and king Władysław Jagiełło at the Council of Constance, where he was one a very few supporters of the church reformer Jan Hus and consequently strongly opposed his condemnation and subsequent execution.

# Anna Constance ( 26 Jan 1616 – 24 May 1616 )

However, this in globo formula for censure had already been employed by the earlier Council of Constance to condemn various propositions extracted from the writings of Jan Hus.

Lieutenant Colonel Jan Pawel Lelewel ( 1796 – 1847 ), grandson of Constance Jauch ( 1722 – 1802 ), participated on 3 April 1833 in the Frankfurter Wachensturm, the attempt to start a revolution in all German states.

Jan Pawel Lelewel, grandson of Constance Jauch

Fifth exile: under Emperor Valens, 4 months Oct 365 – 31 Jan 366 ; in his father's tomb.

In 1495, with the bishop's consent and stipend, he went on to study at the University of Paris, in the Collège de Montaigu, a centre of reforming zeal, under the direction of the ascetic Jan Standonck, of whose rigors Erasmus complained.

The Noordsche Compagnie sent eight ships escorted by three warships under Jan Jacobsz.

Warner issued three singles under the name " Jan and Dean ", but a 1968 Berry-produced album for Warner Bros., the psychedelic Carnival of Sound, remained unreleased until February 2010, when Rhino Records ' " Handmade " label put out CD and vinyl compilations of all tracks recorded for Carnival, along with various outtakes and remixes from the project.

It was originally meant to boost the morale of Polish soldiers serving under General Jan Henryk Dąbrowski in the Polish Legions, which were part of the French Revolutionary Army led by General Napoléon Bonaparte in its conquest of Italy.

The book was filmed by Fritz Lang in 1955 and released under the same name, with a screenplay adapted by Jan Lustig from the novel, and starring Stewart Granger.

* 1673 – Second Battle of Khotyn in Ukraine: Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under the command of Jan Sobieski defeat the Ottoman army.

It has been suggested that the concept of state capitalism can be traced back to Mikhail Bakunin's critique during the First International of the potential for state exploitation under Marxism, or to Jan Waclav Machajski's argument in The Intellectual Worker ( 1905 ) that socialism was a movement of the intelligentsia as a class, resulting in a new type of society he termed state capitalism.

The series continued under writer J. M. DeMatteis and artist Jan Duursema, but struggled to distinguish itself among other X-books.

* September 22 – Battle of Obertyn: The Moldavians are defeated by Polish forces under Jan Amor Tarnowski, allowing the Poles to recapture Pokucie.

* The Dutch East India Company sends 2000 soldiers under the command of Jan Pieterszoon Coen to the Banda Islands in order to force the local inhabitants to accept the Dutch trade monopoly on the lucrative nutmeg, grown almost exclusively on the Banda islands.

* September 12 – Battle of Vienna: The Ottoman siege of the city is broken with the arrival of a force of 70, 000 Polish, Austrians and Germans under Polish-Lithuanian king Jan III Sobieski, whose cavalry turns their flank ( considered to be the turning point in the Ottoman Empire's fortunes ).

* November 11 – Polish and Lithuanian military units under the command of soon-to-be-king Jan Sobieski defeat the Turkish army in the Battle of Khotyn.

Otto III also established three new subordinate dioceses under the Archbishop of Gniezno: the Bishopric of Kraków ( assigned to Bishop Poppo ), the Bishopric of Wrocław ( assigned to Bishop Jan ) and the Bishopric of Kołobrzeg in Pomerania ( assigned to Bishop Reinbern ).

The works of many of the illegal and exiled authors working under the communist regime were published for the first time ( for instance Jan Křesadlo and Ivan Blatný ) and many of them returned to public life and publishing.

When Maximilian attempted to resolve the dispute by bringing a military force and starting the war of Polish succession, he was defeated at the battle of Byczyna by the supporters of Sigismund, under the command of Polish hetman Jan Zamojski.

Jan van Mill has described as a ' three headed monster ' — the three heads being a smiling and friendly head ( the behaviour under the assumption of the continuum hypothesis ), the ugly head of independence which constantly tries to confuse you ( determining what behaviour is possible in different models of set theory ), and the third head is the smallest of all ( what you can prove about it in ZFC ).< ref > It has relatively recently been observed that this characterisation isn't quite right-there is in fact a fourth head of, in which forcing axioms and Ramsey type axioms give properties of almost diametrically opposed to those under the continuum hypothesis, giving very few maps from indeed.

Minister of Colonies Jan Anne Jonkman defended the Linggadjati Agreement in Parliament in 1946 by stating that the government wished for New Guinea to remain under Dutch sovereignty, arguing it could be a settlement for Eurasians.

* 1658 — Jan Swammerdam observed red blood cells under a microscope.

The Town Council of Amsterdam purchased and outfitted two small ships, captained by Jan Rijp and Jacob van Heemskerk, to search for the elusive channel under the command of Barentsz.

During the Kościuszko Uprising Polish army under general Jan Henryk Dąbrowski liberated the town in September 1794 and defeated a Prussian Army north of Gniezno near Łabiszyn.

Jan the Younger's best works are his extensive landscapes, either under his own name or made for other artists such as Hendrick van Balen as backgrounds.

The Estates of Holland, under Jan de Witt and Cornelis de Graeff, meddled in the education and made William a " child of state " to be educated by the state.