Lo Shu is part of the legacy of the most ancient Chinese mathematical and divinatory ( Yi Jing 易經 ) traditions, and is an important emblem in Feng Shui ( 風水 ), the art of geomancy concerned with the placement of objects in relation to the flow of qi ( 氣 ) ' natural energy '.

Jing is the essence of qi and the basis for body matter and functional activities.

An early Taoist text, the Taiping Jing suggests that early people who were living completely " as they are " ( ziran ) would not need food, but instead would live only by absorbing the cosmic qi of Yin and Yang.

They are also known as Jing Qi Shen (; " essence, qi, and spirit ").

Jing, qi, and shen are three of the main notions shared by Taoism and Chinese culture alike.

Although much of Chinese philosophy begins in the Warring States period, elements of Chinese philosophy have existed for several thousand years ; some can be found in the Yi Jing ( the Book of Changes ), an ancient compendium of divination, which dates back to at least 672 BCE.

In 1928, Kuomintang generals Li Jing Lin, Zhang Zi Jiang, and Fung Zu Ziang organized a national martial arts tournament in China ; they did so to screen the best martial artists in order to begin building the Central Martial Arts Academy ( Zhongyang Guoshuguan ).

* Mair, Victor H. Dao De Jing: The Classic Book of Integrity and the Way, by Lao Tzu ; an entirely new translation based on the recently discovered Ma-wang-tui manuscripts ( Bantam Books, 1990 ).

In 144 BCE Emperor Jing abolished private minting in favor of central-government and commandery-level minting ; he also introduced a new coin.

Guan Yu was captured by Sun Quan's general Lü Meng ; once captured, Sun Quan executed Guan Yu, Jing Province came under Sun's control, and the Sun-Liu alliance ended.

* Tan, Peter Jing ; and Dowe, David L. ( 2004 ); MML Inference of Oblique Decision Trees, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence ( LNAI ) 3339, Springer-Verlag, pp1082-1088.

* Qin Wuyang ( 秦舞陽 ; d. 227 BC ), grandson of Qin Kai, accompanied Jing Ke to assassinate Qin Shi Huang in 227 BC

The cult of Harihara was prominent ; Buddhism was not, because, as reported by the Chinese pilgrim Yi Jing, a " wicked king " had destroyed it.

Geographer Li Daoyuan, six centuries after the death of the First Emperor, recorded in Shui Jing Zhu that Mount Li was a favoured location due to its auspicious geology: "... famed for its jade mines, its northen side was rich in gold, and its southern side rich in beautiful jade ; the First Emperor, covetous of its fine reputation, therefore chose to be buried there ".

Qin Wuyang reportedly became shocked when he entered the presence of the king ; whereupon Jing Ke explained that his partner had never set eyes on the Son of Heaven.

A doctor named Xia Wuqie ( 夏無且 ) grabbed a medicine bag and attacked Jing Ke ; whereupon the King drew his sword and wounded Jing Ke.

Jing Ke himself does not appear in the films The Emperor's Shadow ( 1996 ), directed by Zhou Xiaowen, or Hero ( 2002 ) starring Jet Li ; but both films borrow elements from his story.

Of these, Yu Zhengsheng, son of Huang Jing ( 黄敬 ), former mayor of Tianjin, was already a member of the powerful politburo of the CCP ; Wang Qishan, son-in-law of Yao Yilin ( former vice premier and member of politburo ), mayor of Beijing ; Xi Jinping, Bo Xilai, Zhou Xiaochuan, son of Zhou Jiannan ( former minister of First Machinery Ministry and Jiang Zemin ’ s former boss ), governor of the People's Bank of China, have also occupied important positions since the 17th Party Congress.

In 202, Xiahou Dun was sent as the vanguard to invade Jing Province ( 荊州 ; covering present-day Hubei and Hunan ).

In the next year, Sun Jian was sent by Yuan Shu to attack Liu Biao, governor of Jing Province ( 荆州 ; covering present-day Hubei and Hunan ), but he was killed in an ambush.

Sun Ce brought his father's body to Qu ' e ( 曲阿 ; present-day Situ Town, Jiangsu ) for burial and settled his mother down before heading for Danyang ( 丹楊 ; present-day Xuancheng, Anhui ), where his uncle Wu Jing was the governor.

He then forced Wu Jing back west across the Yangtze River to Liyang ( 歷陽 ; present-day He County, Anhui ) However, Yuan Shu claimed to be the rightful governor and sent Wu Jing and Sun Ce's elder cousin Sun Ben to attack Liu Yao.

He was supported by his allies, the tribes along the five creeks further south of Jing Province, amongst them, the strongest was the Wuling tribal king Shamoke, who commanded warriors numbering tens of thousands ; while the forces of Wu was anticipating a probable invasion from the state of Wei, and had the army split: the Wu forces in Xiaoting amounted to about 50, 000.

In the summer of 255, despite the opposition from Zhang Yi ( under the rationale that Shu could not sustain continuous campaigns against Wei ), Jiang Wei again attacked Didao, and was highly successful in his initial battles against Wei's Yong Province ( 雍州 ; present-day Shaanxi ) governor Wang Jing ( 王經 ), nearly annihilating Wang's troops.

However, the prominent warlord Cao Cao conquered Jing Province after Liu Biao's death in 208 ; Huang Zhong subsequently continued his service under this new lord of the land, specifically under Administrator Han Xuan in Changsha.

Few generals were happy with the choice of Lu Xun as commander-in-chief ; many of them were hardened veterans who had been in service since Sun Jian's time, whereas Lu Xun was relatively new and less well-known ( Lü Meng received most credit for the capture of Jing Province ).

* Jing 精 " nutritive essence, essence ; refined, perfected ; extract ; spirit, demon ; sperm, seed "

The Three Treasures are known as Jing ( 精 ), Qi ( 氣 ) and Shen ( 神 ) and can be loosely translated as Essence, Vitality and Spirit.

The Dao De Jing purported to be written by Lao zi states in chapter 42 that " The Dao ( 道 ) gives birth to the One, the One gives birth to the Two ( Taiji ( 太極 ) or Yin and Yang ( 陰陽 )) and the Two gives birth to the Three ( which some interpret to mean Jing 精, Qi 氣 and Shen 神, or sometimes Heaven Tian 天, Earth Di 地 and Man Ren 人 ) and lastly the Three gives birth to the 10, 000 Things ( Wanwu 萬物 ); which is all that exists in heaven and on earth.

# Jing which can be translated as " life essence ".

# Jing or " life essence " is found in the adrenal glands.

He added the principles of Yin-Yang theory ( the universal principle of complementary opposites ), the techniques of Doayin ( leading and guiding energy ) and Tu-na ( expelling and drawing energy ), theories encountered in Traditional Chinese Medicine and described in such texts as the Huang Di Nei Jing (《 黃帝內經 》; Yellow Emperor's Canon of Chinese Medicine ).

These stance training and qigong exercises are done to condition and strengthen the body to have the correct frame and alignment so as to be able to develop silk reeling energy ( Chan Si Jing ) before moving to the more complicated movements that are in the forms.

Some practitioners also refer to their training as Nei Jing (" internal ") or Li (" external "), this deals with the Qi energy or type of force ( jin ) used.

The Freaks did not teach Guo Jing any inner energy cultivation techniques at all.

After the subjugation of some local uprisings, Cao Ren was given the staff of authority and held the position of General who Conquers the South ( 征南将军 ) and garrisoned at Fan ( 樊 ), a city on the shores of the Han River that is vital to the defense of Luoyang from the direction of southern Jing Province.

In view of this, a move to occupy Jing and Yi was vital for success.

* May 21 – Kublai sends his envoy Hao Jing to negotiate with Song Dynasty Chancellor Jia Sidao, after the small force left by Kublai south of the Yangzi River is destroyed by a Chinese army of the Southern Song Dynasty.

Zhang He was then sent to assist Sima Yi, who was training a naval force in Jing Province ( present-day Hubei and Hunan ) to prepare for an assault against Eastern Wu.

In 211, Liu Bei led an expedition force to Yi Province on the invitation of the governor Liu Zhang, leaving behind Zhuge Liang, Zhao Yun and Zhang Fei to guard Jing Province.

Following Cao Cao's defeat at the Battle of Red Cliffs in the same year, the victorious allied force of Liu Bei and Sun Quan was gradually taking over the various commanderies in southern Jing Province, including Changsha.

In accordance with instructions left by Emperor Wen, Emperor Jing commissioned Zhou Yafu as the commander of his armed forces to face the main rebel force — joint forces of Wu and Chu.

Zhang Liang rallied about 100 men to start a rebellion as well, but his force was too weak, so he led his followers to join Jing Ju, a pretender to the throne of Chu.

Mi Zong's unique fa Jing ( discharging of force ) comes from the combination of the internal corkscrew power of Hsing I, Chen-style Tai Chi and the external snapping power of Shaolin long fist.

After Lu Kang's death, his command was divided into four parts, led by his five sons: oldest son Lu Yan ( 陸晏 ) was named as the commander-in-chief of the land force, third eldest son Lu Xuan ( 陸玄 ) was named as the deputy commander-in-chief of the land force, second eldest son Lu Jing ( 陸景 ) was named as the commander-in-chief of the navy, and fourth eldest son Lu Ji was named as the deputy commander-in-chief of the navy, and the fifth eldest son Lu Yun ( 陸雲 ) named as the commander of local garrison respectively.

Jing Ju was defeated by Xiang Liang's rebel force and Xiang installed Xiong Xin, a descendant of the Chu royal family, on the throne of Chu, with the title of " King Huai II of Chu ".

On 4 January, the 9000-strong force started to move from Yunling Township in Jing County towards Jiangsu, planning to cross the river along three routes.

In AD 208, Cao Cao accepted the surrender of Jing Province, and sent a letter to the eastern warlord, Sun Quan, to inform the latter that he had assembled a 800, 000 strong force in Jiangling city, and was eager to meet Sun in person.