The Masoretic text places Joel between Hosea and Amos ( the order inherited by the Tanakh and Old Testament ), while the Septuagint order is Hosea – Amos – Micah – Joel – Obadiah – Jonah.

The Book of Jonah ( Hebrew: Sefer Yonah ) is one of the Minor Prophets in the Hebrew Bible.

It tells the story of a Hebrew prophet named Jonah ben Amittai who is sent by God to prophesy the destruction of Nineveh but tries to escape the divine mission.

As mentioned above, the book of Jonah is not written like the other books of the prophets.

Jonah is almost entirely narrative with the exception of the psalm in chapter 2.

The story of Jonah is set against the background of Ancient Israel in the 8th-7th centuries BC but deals with the religious and social issues of the late 6th-4th centuries BC, coinciding with the views of latter chapters of the book of Isaiah ( Third Isaiah ), where Israel is given a prominent place in the expansion of God's kingdom to the Gentiles.

The story of Jonah is a drama between a passive man and an active God.

Jonah, whose name literally means " dove ," is introduced to the reader in the very first verse.

Jonah is furious, however, and angrily tells God that this is the reason he tried to flee from Him, as he knew Him to be a just and merciful God.

As far as the Book of Jonah is concerned, Targum Jonah offers a good example of this.

In Jonah 1: 6, the Masoretic Text ( MT ) reads, "... perhaps God will pay heed to us ...." Targum Jonah translates this passage as: "... perhaps there will be mercy from the Lord upon us ...." The captain's proposal is no longer an attempt to change the divine will ; it is an attempt to appeal to divine mercy.

The debate over the credibility of the miracle of Jonah is not simply a modern one.

In the popular understanding of Jonah, the fish is interpreted to be the low point of the story.

Jonah (; or ; Greek / Latin: Ionas ) is the name given in the Hebrew Bible ( Tanakh / Old Testament ) to a prophet of the northern kingdom of Israel in about the 8th century BC, the eponymous central character in the Book of Jonah, famous for being swallowed by a fish or a whale, depending on translation.

The Biblical story of Jonah is also repeated, with minor differences, in the Qur ' an.

Jonah is also the central character in the Book of Jonah.

Ordered by God to go to the city of Nineveh to prophesy against it " for their great wickedness is come up before me ," Jonah seeks instead to flee from " the presence of the Lord " by going to Jaffa and sailing to Tarshish, which, geographically, is in the opposite direction.

The Jonah mentioned in II Kings 14: 25 lived during the reign of Jeroboam II ( 786-746 BC ) and was from the city of Gath-hepher.

In the New Testament, Jonah is mentioned in Matthew and Luke.

Jonah is the only one of the Twelve Minor Prophets of the Hebrew Bible to be mentioned by name in the Qur ' an.

Jonah is also mentioned in a few incidents during the lifetime of Muhammad.

This is in accordance with several ancient Jewish writings about Jonah being the son of the woman from " Zarephath " ( Sarafand ) mentioned in the stories of Elijah.

The deity name " Oannes " first occurs in texts from the Library of Ashurbanipal ( more than a century after the time of Jonah ) as Uanna or Uan but is assimilated to Adapa, a deity first mentioned on fragments of tablets from the 15th or 14th century B. C.

The anger of Jonah ( Yunus ) is also mentioned in the Quran, which led to his departure from the people of Nineveh and his eventual realization of his error and his repentance.

Returning to Heidelberg he became Privatdozent in theology in 1829, and in 1831 published his Begriff der Kritik am Alten Testamente praktisch erörtert, a study of Old Testament criticism in which he explained the critical principles of the grammatico-historical school, and his Des Propheten Jonas Orakel über Moab, an exposition of the 5th and 16th chapters of the book of Isaiah attributed by him to the prophet Jonah mentioned in 2 Kings xiv.

Lot is also mentioned alongside Ishmael, Elisha and Jonah as men whom God favored above the nations.

It mentioned that, in the 1800s, Ra's battled Jonah Hex, who also battles Ra's al Ghul's deranged son Arkady Duvall ( voiced by Malcolm McDowell ).

Some associate the country of Tarshish, as mentioned in the books of Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, I Kings, Jonah and Romans, with a locale in southern Spain.

In the 1980s, Jonah appeared in several Beano Comic Libraries, meeting The Toppers Puss ' n ' Boots twice.

Chapter 10 of the Qur ' an is named Jonah, although in this chapter only verse 98 refers to him directly.

Father Mapple identifies the Tarshish to which Jonah flees with the port of Cádiz in Spain, " as far by water, from Joppa, as Jonah could possibly have sailed in those ancient days, when the Atlantic was an almost unknown sea " ( Chapter 9, " The Sermon ").

And the Lord said, “ How can you say, I have fulfilled the law and the prophets, when it is written in the law: ' You shall love your neighbor as yourself ,' and many of your brothers, sons of Abraham, are covered with filth, dying of hunger, and your house is full of many good things, none of which goes out to them ?” And he turned and said to Simon, his disciple, who was sitting by Him, “ Simon, son of Jonah, it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for the rich to enter the Kingdom of Heaven .” ( Origen Commentary on Matthew 15. 14 ).

* Jonah Hex: Welcome to Paradise ( written by John Albano and Michael Fleisher ; art by Tony DeZuniga, Dough Wildey, Noly Panaligan, George Moliterni, and Jose Louis Garcia-Lopez ; 168 pages, collects All-Star Western # 10 ; Weird Western Tales # 14, 17, 22, 26, 29, 30 ; Jonah Hex # 2 and 4, May 2010, ISBN 1-4012-2757-0 )

* On March 14, 2000 Jonah Goldberg's National Review Online column " Our, * ahem *, FAQ Welcome New Readers " contained the following: " Alas, because Goldberg watches Baywatch everyday and can name the main characters in almost every Marvel comic book from 1976 to 1986, he occasionally makes errors.

* The Torah mentions a number of righteous gentiles, including Melchizedek who presided at offerings to God that Abraham made ( Gen. 14: 18 ), Job of the land of Uz who had a whole book of the Hebrew Bible devoted to him as a paragon of righteousness beloved of God ( see the book of Job ), and the Ninevites, the people given to cruelty and idolatry could be accepted by God when they repented ( see the Book of Jonah ).

( 1 ) Genesis 1: 1 -- 3: 24 ( the story of creation ); ( 2 ) Genesis 22: 1-18 ( the binding of Isaac ); ( 3 ) Exodus 12: 1-24 ( the Passover charter narrative ); ( 4 ) Jonah 1: 1 -- 4: 11 ( the story of Jonah ); ( 5 ) Exodus 14: 24 -- 15: 21 ( crossing of the Red Sea ); ( 6 ) Isaiah 60: 1-13 ( the promise to Jerusalem ); ( 7 ) Job 38: 2-28 ( the Lord's answer to Job ); ( 8 ) 2 Kings 2: 1-22 ( the assumption of Elijah ); ( 9 ) Jeremiah 31: 31-34 ( the new covenant ); ( 10 ) Joshua 1: 1-9 ( entry into the Promised Land ); ( 11 ) Ezekiel 37: 1-14 ( the valley of dry bones ); ( 12 ) Daniel 3: 1-29 ( the story of the three youths ).

* ( GN 14 ) Matthew 16: 17 has Hebrew " Shimon ben Yochanan " ( Simon son of John ) instead of Aramaic " Simon Bar-Jonah " ( Simon son of Jonah ).

In comparison, the Hugoton Field covers most of the southwest portion of Kansas, a 14 county area, yet it contained only about three times the volume of gas in Jonah.

In generally describing Tyre's empire from west to east, Tarshish is listed first ( Ezekiel 27. 12 – 14 ), and in Jonah 1. 3 it is the place to which Jonah sought to flee from the Lord ; evidently it represents the westernmost place to which one could sail.

The apocryphal Lives of the Prophets, which may be Jewish or Christian in origin, offers further biographical details about Jonah.

The Book of Jonah appears to have served less purpose in the Qumran community than other texts, as the writings make no references to it.

In c. 409 AD, Augustine of Hippo wrote to Deogratias concerning the challenge of some to the miracle recorded in the Book of Jonah.

* Book of Jonah

During the Minchah prayer, the haftarah reading features the entire Book of Jonah.

In the Book of Jonah a worm ( in Hebrew tola ' ath, " maggot ") bites the shade-giving plant's root causing it to wither, while in the epic of Gilgamesh, Gilgamesh plucks his plant from the floor of the sea which he reached by tying stones to his feet.

Gildas Hamel, drawing on the Book of Jonah and Greco-Roman sources — including Greek vases and the accounts of Apollonius of Rhodes, Gaius Valerius Flaccus and Orphic Argonautica — identifies a number of shared motifs, including the names of the heroes, the presence of a dove, the idea of " fleeing " like the wind and causing a storm, the attitude of the sailors, the presence of a sea-monster or dragon threatening the hero or swallowing him, and the form and the word used for the " gourd " ( kikayon ).

The Greek sources are however several centuries later than the Book of Jonah and the form Jonas which is similar to Jason is from the Septuagint translation of the book.

* The Book of Jonah ( Hebrew and English )

* The Book of Jonah ( NIV )

This is followed by Mincha ( the afternoon prayer ) which includes a reading ( Haftarah ) of the entire Book of Jonah, which has as its theme the story of God's willingness to forgive those who repent.

Jones's major illustrated series include wood engravings produced for editions of The Book of Jonah, The Chester Play Of The Deluge, Aesop's Fables and Gulliver's Travels as well as for a Welsh translation of the Book of Ecclesiastes, Llyfr y Pregethwr.

Thus ( Irenaeus, i. 30, p. 109 ) the first archon sent Moses, Joshua, Amos, and Habakkuk ; the second Samuel, Nathan, Jonah, and Micah ; the third Elijah, Joel, and Zechariah ; the fourth Isaiah, Ezekiel, Jeremiah, and Daniel ; the fifth Book of Tobit and Haggai ; the sixth Micah ( qu.

Although most of the work is a paraphrase of the biblical Book of Jonah, the poet has expanded upon the text in many places.

* Davis, Adam Brooke, 1991 " What the Poet of Patience Really Did to the Book of Jonah.

The noteworthy exception is the Book of Jonah, an anonymous work containing no prophetic oracles, probably composed in the Hellenistic period ( 332 BCE – 167 BCE ).

# In the Book of Jonah, the desperate sailors cast lots to see whose god is responsible for creating the storm: " Then the sailors said to each other, “ Come, let us cast lots to find out who is responsible for this calamity .” They cast lots and the lot fell on Jonah.