Roosevelt appointed three Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States: Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. ( 1902 ), William Rufus Day ( 1903 ), William Henry Moody ( 1906 ).

Justices Joseph McKenna and Oliver W. Holmes, Jr. filed separate dissents.

It resolved the debate between those who urged greater government control of speech for reasons of security and those who favored allowing as much speech as possible and relying on the marketplace of ideas to reach a favorable result, leaving the law in a state along the lines of that which Justices Louis Brandeis, and, post-Schenck, Oliver Wendell Holmes advocated in several dissents and concurrences during the late 1910s and early 1920s.

Justices Oliver Wendell Holmes and Louis Brandeis dissented and said that the more speech protective standard – " clear and present danger " – ought to be applied to overturn the conviction.

Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States | Associate Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. Holmes's loss of half his pension pay due to New Deal legislation after his 1932 retirement is believed to have dissuaded Justices Van Devanter and Sutherland from departing the bench.

The Supreme Court met at Old City Hall, where Chief Justices John Jay, John Rutledge, and Oliver Ellsworth presided over eleven docketed cases.

Justices Holmes and Brandeis shied from this test, but concurred with the final result.

Justices Holmes and Brandeis, however, dissented, arguing that " a silly leaflet by an unknown man " could not be construed as a consequential threat.

Despise the fears of progressives, Stone quickly joined the Court's " liberal faction ," frequently dissenting with Justices Holmes and Brandeis and later, Cardozo when he took Holmes ' seat, from the majority's narrow view of the police powers of the state.

The town's Justices of the Peace in 1831 were Parker Merrill, George W. Pillsbury, Benning Leavitt, John Palmer and A.

Among them are Owen Roberts ( US Supreme Court Justice ), James Harry Covington ( Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the District of Columbia ), Daniel John Layton ( Chief Justice of the Delaware Supreme Court ), Robert Nelson Cornelius Nix, Jr., Horace Stern and George Sharswood ( Chief Justices of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court ), and Deborah Tobias Poritz ( Chief Justice of the New Jersey Supreme Court ).

His trial took place between August 2009 and June 2010 before a panel of three judges, consisting of Presiding Judge George Karra and Justices Miriam Sokolov and Judith Shevach.

Lloyd George intended to replace the Lord Lieutenant-normally something of a figurehead position, with real power exercised by the Chief Secretary-with three “ Justices ”: James Campbell, unionist Lord Chief Justice of Ireland, Midleton and French himself.

Justices James McReynolds, George Sutherland, Willis Van Devanter, and Pierce Butler emerged during the 1920s and 1930s as the foremost defenders of traditional limitations on government power on the Supreme Court ; they were collectively dubbed by partisans of the New Deal the " Four Horsemen of Reaction " as a result.

For example, on the campaign trail in 2000, when speaking on his choices for new Supreme Court Justices, President George W. Bush promised to appoint " strict constructionists in the mold of Justices Rehnquist, Scalia, and Thomas ," though Thomas considers himself an originalist, and Scalia outright rejects strict construction, calling it " a degraded form of textualism ," his modus operandi.

He later served as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster and as Lord Lieutenant of Lincolnshire and was one of the Lords Justices before the arrival of King George I.

Grey was one of the Lords Justices appointed during the absence of George I of Great Britain.

On the Court, Roberts was a swing vote between those, led by Justices Louis Brandeis, Benjamin Cardozo, and Harlan Fiske Stone, as well as Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes, who would allow a broader interpretation of the Commerce Clause to allow Congress to pass New Deal legislation that would provide for a more active federal role in the national economy, and the Four Horsemen ( Justices James Clark McReynolds, Pierce Butler, George Sutherland, and Willis Van Devanter ) who favored a narrower interpretation of the Commerce Clause and believed that the Fourteenth Amendment Due Process Clause protected a strong " liberty of contract.

They were Justices Pierce Butler, James Clark McReynolds, George Sutherland, and Willis Van Devanter.

Alumni of the Columbia Law Review include United States Supreme Court Justices William O. Douglas and Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Chief Judge of the U. S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit Wilfred Feinberg, United States Solicitor General Donald Verrilli Jr., Chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and Director of the National Economic Council, Stephen Friedman ( PFIAB ); Columbia Law School professor Herbert Wechsler, Yale Law School professors Felix S. Cohen and Geoffrey C. Hazard, Jr., New York University Law School professor Samuel Estreicher, Michigan Law School professor Mark D. West, and former New York Governor George Pataki, amongst others.

The law school has graduated the late U. S. Supreme Court Justices Frank Murphy, William Rufus Day, and George Sutherland, as well as a number of heads of states and corporate executives.

Front row: Justices Louis Brandeis | Brandeis and Willis Van Devanter | Van Devanter, Chief Justice of the United States | Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes | Hughes, and Justices James Clark McReynolds | McReynolds and George Sutherland | Sutherland.

The cut to their pensions appears to have dissuaded at least two older Justices, Willis Van Devanter and George Sutherland, from retirement.

E. M. Hewins was the first trustee ; Jacob Haskell and George Harden, Justices.

Joined by Chief Justice Melville Fuller and Associate Justices Steophen Johnson Field, John Marshall Harlan, Horace Gray, Henry Billings Brown, George Shiras, Jr., Howell Edmunds Jackson, and Edward Douglass White, the court ruled that the government had a right to regulate interstate commerce and ensure the operations of the Postal Service, along with a responsibility to " ensure the general welfare of the public.

Scalia recused himself because Luttig had clerked for him, and Justices David Souter and Clarence Thomas recused themselves because Luttig led the George H. W. Bush Administration's efforts to gain the Senate's confirmation for them.

They were opposed by the Four Horsemen, consisting of Justices James Clark McReynolds, George Sutherland, Willis Van Devanter, and Pierce Butler.

The conservative Justices Pierce Butler, James Clark McReynolds, George Sutherland and Willis Van Devanter were known as " The Four Horsemen ".

Writing for the Court, Chief Justice Taft was joined by Justices McReynolds, Sanford, Sutherland, and Van Devanter.

Justices Frankfurter and Jackson dissented: `` One State may cherish formalities more than another, one State may be more responsive than another to procedural reforms.

Justices Stevens, Ginsburg, Sotomayor, and Breyer dissented.

Justices Scalia, O ' Connor and Thomas dissented, stating that " he decision today -- to grant, vacate, and remand in light of the Government's changed position -- is both unprecedented and inexplicable.

Four justices ( Justices Stevens, Ginsburg, Souter and Breyer ) dissented as to stopping the recount.

In a 4 to 1 decision, the Court ruled in favor of the plaintiff, with Chief Justice John Jay and Associate Justices John Blair, James Wilson, and William Cushing constituting the majority ; only Justice Iredell dissented.

In Barnette however, only Frankfurter filed a written dissent, while Justices Owen Roberts and Stanley Reed dissented in silence.

Justices John Marshall Harlan, Howell Edmunds Jackson, Edward Douglass White, and Henry Billings Brown dissented from the majority opinion.

William Rehnquist, Byron White, Harry Blackmun, John Paul Stevens, Antonin Scalia, and Clarence Thomas — the six Justices who did not join the plurality opinion — wrote or joined opinions in which they partially concurred and partially dissented from the decision.

Chief Justice Rehnquist, joined by Justices Kennedy, Scalia, and Thomas, dissented, arguing that the University's " plus " system was, in fact, a thinly veiled and unconstitutional quota system.

Chief Justice Rehnquist and Justices Scalia, Kennedy, and Thomas dissented.

" Justice Blackmun, joined by Justices Brennan, Marshall, and Stevens, dissented, citing that " his case is no more about a fundamental right to engage in homosexual sodomy ," as the Court purports to declare, ante at 191, that Stanley v. Georgia, 394 U. S. 557 ( 1969 ), was about a fundamental right to watch obscene movies, or Katz v. United States, 389 U. S. 347 ( 1967 ), was about a fundamental right to place interstate bets from a telephone booth.

Justice Stevens, with whom Justices Brennan and Marshall joined in dissent, dissented further from the majority opinion: " the Court orders the dismissal of respondent's complaint even though the State's statute prohibits all sodomy ; even though that prohibition is concededly unconstitutional with respect to heterosexuals ; and even though the State's post hoc explanations for selective application are belied by the State's own actions.

Two Justices concurred in part and dissented in part to the decision.

Chief Justice Burger and Justices Harry Blackmun, Lewis F. Powell, and William H. Rehnquist, each appointed by President Richard Nixon, dissented.

Ironically, and despite that era's Republican commitment to Reconstruction and black civil rights, all five Justices in the majority were appointed by Republicans ( three by Lincoln, two by Grant ), while the lone Democratic appointee Nathan Clifford dissented.

Associate Justice Miller wrote for the Court with Associate Justices Field, Harlan, Woods, Matthews, and Blatchford concurring ; Associate Justices Bradley and Gray, along with Chief Justice Waite, dissented.

Justices Hugo Black and John M. Harlan II dissented.

The remaining four Justices dissented, all rejecting the " irrelevance " approach as articulated by La Forest and the " incremental " doctrine suggested by Sopinka.

Justices Hugo Black and William O. Douglas, First Amendment " literalists ," dissented in Roth, arguing vigorously that the First Amendment protected obscene material.

* Justice Stevens, joined by Justices Ginsburg, and Breyer, dissented on one section of the part of the Court's opinion written by the Chief Justice.

In the Slaughterhouse Cases, 83 U. S. 36 ( 1873 ) -- a pivotal decision on the meaning of Section 1 of the relatively new Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution -- Swayne dissented with Justices Stephen J.