His mother was Princess Inoe, a daughter of Emperor Shōmu ; but instead of Osabe, it was Kammu who was later named to succeed their father.

Later, when he ascended to the throne in 781, Kammu appointed his young brother, Prince Sawara, whose mother was Takano no Niigasa, as crown prince.

Kammu was an active emperor who attempted to consolidate government hierarchies and functioning.

* 737: Kammu was born.

* April 30, 781 (): In the 11th year of Kōnin's reign, he abdicated ; and the succession was received by his son Kammu.

In 784 Kammu shifted his capital from Nara to Nagaoka-kyō in a move that was said to be designed to edge the powerful Nara Buddhist establishments out of state politics — while the capital moved, the major Buddhist temples, and their officials, stayed put.

He was the eldest son of the Emperor Kammu and his empress Fujiwara no Otomuro, who was the daughter of nadaijin Fujiwara Yoshitsugu.

Emperor Saga was the second son of Emperor Kammu, and younger brother of Emperor Heizei by the same mother.

The most famous of these shoguns was Sakanoue no Tamuramaro who conquered the Emishi in the name of Emperor Kammu.

Except for 5 years ( 740 – 745 ), when the capital was briefly moved again, it remained the capital of Japanese civilization until Emperor Kammu established a new capital, Nagaoka-kyō, in 784 before moving to Heian-kyō, or Kyoto, a decade later in 794.

The Heian period was preceded by the Nara period and began in 794 after the movement of the capital of Japan to Heian-kyō ( present day Kyōto ), by the 50th emperor, Emperor Kammu.

Kammu endeavoured to improve the Tang-style administrative system which was in use.

Serving Emperor Kammu, he was appointed shogun and given the task of conquering the Emishi ( 蝦夷征伐 Emishi Seibatsu ), a people native to the north of Honshū, which he subjugated.

According to the, Takano no Niigasa, background of the naturalized clansmen, was a 10th-generation descendant of King Muryeong of Baekje who was chosen as a concubine for Emperor Kōnin and subsequently became the mother of Emperor Kammu

The Japanese general Ki no Asami Kosami was " rebuked " by the Emperor Kammu when he returned to Kyoto.

Kiyomori's sons, the last of the head family of the Kammu Heishi line was eventually destroyed by the armies of Minamoto no Yoritomo at the Battle of Dan-no-ura, the last battle of the Genpei War.

In 2001, Japan's emperor Akihito told reporters " I, on my part, feel a certain kinship with Korea, given the fact that it is recorded in the Chronicles of Japan that the mother of Emperor Kammu was of the line of King Muryong of Baekje.

However in Kūkai's absence Emperor Kammu had died and was replaced by Emperor Heizei who exhibited no great enthusiasm for Buddhism.

The name of city is derived from Nagaokakyō, the ancient Japanese capital Emperor Kammu established there from 784 until 794 although the major part of the capital including the imperial palace was in the area of present-day Muko.

On 4 December 794 ( 8 Shimotsuki, 13th year of Enryaku ), at the time of the christening of Heian-kyō, because of the resultant scenic beauty when Emperor Kammu made his castle utilizing the natural surroundings, the shiro was finally changed to “ castle ” ().

Kammu also sponsored the travels of the monks Saichō and Kūkai to China, from where they returned to found the Japanese branches of, respectively, Tendai and Shingon Buddhism.

Then in 794 Kammu suddenly shifted the capital again, this time to Heian-kyō, which is modern day Kyoto.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 – 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 ?– 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 ?– 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 – 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 ?– 569 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 ?– 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography is able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 – 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 – 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 – 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 – 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

When Emperor Kammu moved the capital to Heian-kyō ( Kyōto ), which remained the imperial capital for the next 1, 000 years, he did so not only to strengthen imperial authority but also to improve his seat of government geopolitically.

Kammu, r. 781 – 806 ) seeking to consolidate his power and to extend his realm, taking measures which included moving the capital of Japan from Nara ultimately to Heian ( modern-day Kyoto ).

He became a trusted advisor to Emperor Kammu, a position which he used to encourage the development of Buddhism in a direction which would prevent it from posing a threat to the government.

In 1940, the local government decided that on top of honouring Emperor Kammu, the Jidai festival was also to be held in honour of ( July 22, 1831-January 30, 1867 ) for his work in unifying the country, the power of the imperial court and the affirmation of Kyoto as the center of Japan at the decline of the Tokugawa Shogunate and the Edo Era.

Kammu reigned from 781 to 806.

Kammu had 16 empresses and consorts, and 32 imperial sons and daughters.

Some of his descendants ( known as the Kammu Taira or Kammu Heishi ) took the Taira hereditary clan title, and in later generations became prominent warriors.

Kammu is traditionally venerated at his tomb ; the Imperial Household Agency designates, in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, as the location of Kammu's mausoleum.

Kammu appointed Sakanoue no Tamuramaro ( 758 – 811 ) to lead a military expedition against the Emishi.

Shortly thereafter, Emperor Kammu is said to have acceded to the throne.

* 806: Kammu died at the age of 70.

Politically Kammu shored up his rule by changing the syllabus of the university.

In 784 Kammu authorised the teaching of a new course based on the Spring and Autumn Annals based on two newly imported commentaries: Kung-yang and Ku-liang.

Kammu disapproved of, daughter of Fujiwara no Tadanushi ; and Kammu had her removed from his son's household.

The conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

Under Emperor Kammu, Tamuramaro had been appointed as shogun of a military expedition against the Emishi.

Kammu disapproved of, daughter of Fujiwara no Tadanushi ; and Kammu had her removed from his son's household.