His mother was Princess Inoe, a daughter of Emperor Shōmu ; but instead of Osabe, it was Kammu who was later named to succeed their father.

Later, when he ascended to the throne in 781, Kammu appointed his young brother, Prince Sawara, whose mother was Takano no Niigasa, as crown prince.

* 737: Kammu was born.

* April 30, 781 (): In the 11th year of Kōnin's reign, he abdicated ; and the succession was received by his son Kammu.

In 784 Kammu shifted his capital from Nara to Nagaoka-kyō in a move that was said to be designed to edge the powerful Nara Buddhist establishments out of state politics — while the capital moved, the major Buddhist temples, and their officials, stayed put.

He was the eldest son of the Emperor Kammu and his empress Fujiwara no Otomuro, who was the daughter of nadaijin Fujiwara Yoshitsugu.

Emperor Saga was the second son of Emperor Kammu, and younger brother of Emperor Heizei by the same mother.

The most famous of these shoguns was Sakanoue no Tamuramaro who conquered the Emishi in the name of Emperor Kammu.

Except for 5 years ( 740 – 745 ), when the capital was briefly moved again, it remained the capital of Japanese civilization until Emperor Kammu established a new capital, Nagaoka-kyō, in 784 before moving to Heian-kyō, or Kyoto, a decade later in 794.

The Heian period was preceded by the Nara period and began in 794 after the movement of the capital of Japan to Heian-kyō ( present day Kyōto ), by the 50th emperor, Emperor Kammu.

Kammu endeavoured to improve the Tang-style administrative system which was in use.

Kammu himself was a notable patron of the otherworldly Tendai sect, which rose to great power over the ensuing centuries.

Serving Emperor Kammu, he was appointed shogun and given the task of conquering the Emishi ( 蝦夷征伐 Emishi Seibatsu ), a people native to the north of Honshū, which he subjugated.

According to the, Takano no Niigasa, background of the naturalized clansmen, was a 10th-generation descendant of King Muryeong of Baekje who was chosen as a concubine for Emperor Kōnin and subsequently became the mother of Emperor Kammu

The Japanese general Ki no Asami Kosami was " rebuked " by the Emperor Kammu when he returned to Kyoto.

Kiyomori's sons, the last of the head family of the Kammu Heishi line was eventually destroyed by the armies of Minamoto no Yoritomo at the Battle of Dan-no-ura, the last battle of the Genpei War.

In 2001, Japan's emperor Akihito told reporters " I, on my part, feel a certain kinship with Korea, given the fact that it is recorded in the Chronicles of Japan that the mother of Emperor Kammu was of the line of King Muryong of Baekje.

However in Kūkai's absence Emperor Kammu had died and was replaced by Emperor Heizei who exhibited no great enthusiasm for Buddhism.

The name of city is derived from Nagaokakyō, the ancient Japanese capital Emperor Kammu established there from 784 until 794 although the major part of the capital including the imperial palace was in the area of present-day Muko.

On 4 December 794 ( 8 Shimotsuki, 13th year of Enryaku ), at the time of the christening of Heian-kyō, because of the resultant scenic beauty when Emperor Kammu made his castle utilizing the natural surroundings, the shiro was finally changed to “ castle ” ().

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 – 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 ?– 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 ?– 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 – 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 ?– 569 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 ?– 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography is able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 – 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 – 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 – 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

The reign of Emperor Kimmei ( 509 – 571 ), the 29th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, is the first for which contemporary historiography are able to assign verifiable dates ; however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as " traditional " until the reign of Emperor Kammu ( 737 – 806 ), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.

* Emperor Kammu, emperor of Japan ( d. 806 )

** Kammu Heishi ( 桓武平氏 )-descended from 50th emperor Kammu ; famous for Taira no Masakado.

He remained a trusted advisor to Emperor Kammu ; in the spring of 793, he convinced the emperor to abandon the delay-plagued construction of a capital at Nagaoka and instead seek another location to the northeast, at Heian-kyō ( modern-day Kyōto.

Kūkai greatly impressed the emperors who succeeded Emperor Kammu, and also generations of Japanese, not only with his holiness but also with his poetry, calligraphy, painting, and sculpture.

Khun Chuang, a warlike ruler who may have been a Kammu ( alternate spellings include Khamu and Khmu ) tribesman, extended his territory as a result of the warring of these principalities and ruled from 1128 to 1170.

Khun Chuang, a warlike ruler who may have been a Kammu ( alternate spellings include Khamu and Khmu ) tribesman, extended his territory as a result of the warring of these principalities and probably ruled from 1128 to 1169.

* Ashina clan ( 蘆名氏 )-cadet branch of Miura clan who descended from Kammu Heishi.

* Hayashi clan ( 林氏 )-cadet branch of Kōno clan who descended from Prince Iyo, son of Emperor Kammu.

* Hitotsuyanagi clan-cadet branch of Kōno clan who descended from Prince Iyo, son of Emperor Kammu.

* Inaba clan-cadet branch of Kōno clan who descended from Prince Iyo, son of Emperor Kammu.

* Ishida clan ( 石田氏 )-cadet branch of Miura clan who descended from Kammu Heishi ( disputed ).

* Kobayakawa clan ( 小早川氏 )-cadet branch of Doi clan who descended from Kammu Heishi.

* Sakuma clan ( 佐久間氏 )-cadet branch of Miura clan who descended from Kammu Heishi

* Sōma clan ( 相馬氏 )-cadet branch of Chiba clan who descended from Kammu Heishi.

Henjō was the eighth son of Dainagon Yoshimine no Yasuyo, a son of Emperor Kammu who was relegated to civilian life.