One of the Arabic translations, ‘ Kitab ila Aglooqan fi Shifa al Amraz ’, which is extant in the Library of Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, is regarded as a masterpiece of Galen's literary works.

Averroes's aptitude for medicine was noted by his contemporaries and can be seen in his major enduring work Kitab al-Kulyat fi al-Tibb ( Generalities ) the work was influenced by the Kitab al-Taisir fi al-Mudawat wa al-Tadbir ( Particularities ) of Ibn Zuhr.

The earliest known documented description of khat is found in the Kitab al-Saidala fi al-Tibb, an 11th century work on pharmacy and materia medica written by Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī, a Persian scientist and biologist.

* c. 1010 — Avicenna ( Abu Ali al Hussein ibn Abdallah ibn Sina ) published The Canon of Medicine ( Kitab al-Qanun fi al-tibb ), in which he introduces clinical trials and clinical pharmacology, and which remains an authoritative text in European medical education up until the 17th century.

* c. 1225 — Ibn al-Baitar, al-Nabati's student, writes his Kitab al-Jami fi al-Adwiya al-Mufrada, a botanical and pharmaceutical encyclopedia describing 1, 400 plants, foods, and drugs, 300 of which are his own original discoveries ; a later Latin translation of his work is useful to European biologists and pharmacists in the 18th and 19th centuries.

* c. 1025 – Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī publishes the Kitab fi Tahqiq ma li ' l-Hind ( Researches on India ), in which he discusses the geology of India and hypothesizes that it was once a sea.

In particular, in a work written in Arabic Kitab al-Ḥujjah wal-Dalil fi Nuṣr al-Din al-Dhalil, translated by Judah ben Saul ibn Tibbon, by the title Sefer ha-Kuzari he elaborates upon his views of Judaism relative to other religions of the time.

The first clinical description of immunity which arose from a specific disease causing organism is probably Kitab fi al-jadari wa-al-hasbah ( A Treatise on Smallpox and Measles, translated 1848 ) written by the Islamic physician Al-Razi in the 9th century.

In a work written in Arabic, and entitled Kitab al-Ḥujjah wal-Dalil fi Nuṣr al-Din al-Dhalil, كتاب الحجة و الدليل في نصرة الدين الذليل, ( known in the Hebrew translation of Judah ibn Tibbon by the title Sefer ha-Kuzari ), Judah ha-Levi expounded his views upon the teachings of Judaism, which he defended against the attacks of non-Jewish philosophers, against the Karaites, and against those he viewed as " heretics ".

The first results of his extensive studies in Oriental literature, Arabic language and history, manifested themselves in 1847, when he published a translation from Abdelwahid al-Marrakushi, born 1185, resident in South Spain between 1208 and 1217, leaving then for Egypt and visiting Mecca in 1221, dated 1224, Kitab al-mujib fi talkhis akhbar ahl al-Maghrib under the title The history of the Almohads, preceded by a sketch of the history of Spain from the time of the conquest till the reign of Yusuf ibn Tashfin, and of the history of the Almoravids, printed again in 1881 and reprinted in 1968.

He wrote the earliest surviving book on the positional use of the Arabic numerals, Kitab al-Fusul fi al-Hisab al-Hindi ( The Arithemetics of Al-Uqlidisi ) around 952.

*" Kitab ila Aglooqan fi Shifa al Amraz " – This Arabic translation, related to Galen ’ s Commentary, by Hunayn ibn Ishaq, is extant in the Library of Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences.

* Kitab fi al-Tiryaḳ, a work on antidotes.

* Kitab al-Madkhal fi al-Mantiḳ, on logic.

In addition it is distinctly different from a treatise on physiognomy with the title Kitab fi al-firasah attributed to Aristotle and said to have been translated into Arabic in the 9th century by Hunayn ibn Ishaq.

But as regards the question of the attributes which occupy the Jewish and Muslim theologians so much, Bahya, in his work on ethics, " Hovot ha-Levavot ," written in Arabic under the title of " Kitab al-Hidayat fi faraidh al Kulub " ( The Duties of the Heart ), is of the same opinion as the Motazilites, that the attributes by which one attempts to describe God should be taken in a negative sense, as excluding the opposite attributes.

He wrote also an astrological introduction and an arithmetic treatise Kitab fi usul hisab al-hind ( Principles of Hindu Reckoning, extant in Arabic and Hebrew ).

Al-Jaldaki was one of the last and one of the greatest of medieval Islamic alchemists, he was the author of scientific works such as the al-Misbah fi Ilm al-Miftah ( Key of the Sciences of Lights ) and alchemical treatise The Proof Regarding Secrets of the Science of the Balance ( Kitab al-Burhan fi asrar ' ilm al-mizan ).

He was known primarily for his medical compendium titled Kitab al-Mukhtarat fi al-tibb (), " The Book of Selections in Medicine.

In his Kitab fi Tahqiq ma l ' il-Hind ( Researches on India ), he did not record political and military history in any detail, but wrote more on India's cultural, scientific, social and religious history.

Kitab al Anasir by Galen ( 2008 ), Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, Aligarh, India ; ISBN 978-81-906070-2-5

Kitab al Mizaj of Galen ( 2008 ), Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine & Sciences, Aligarh, India ; ISBN 978-81-906070-3-2

From the Muslim perspective, a chief source of information is Usamah ibn Munqidh, a soldier and frequent ambassador from Damascus to Jerusalem and Egypt, whose memoirs, Kitab al i ' tibar, include lively accounts of crusader society in the east.

* Philip K. Hitti, trans., An Arab-Syrian Gentleman and Warrior in the Period of the Crusades ; Memoirs of Usamah ibn-Munqidh ( Kitab al i ' tibar ).

Books on the subject included the Naturalis Historia of Pliny the Elder, which not only described many different minerals but also explained many of their properties, and Kitab al Jawahir ( Book of Precious Stones ) by Muslim scientist Al Biruni.

* Muhammad ibn Abd al Wahhab writes the Kitab at-tawhidt, marking the beginning of Wahhabism.

Circa 1140 Herman translated into Latin the astronomical work of Abu Ma ' shar Kitab al-madkhal ila ilm ahkam al nujum ( Introduction to Astronomy ).

* Philip K. Hitti, trans., An Arab-Syrian Gentleman and Warrior in the Period of the Crusades ; Memoirs of Usamah ibn-Munqidh ( Kitab al i ' tibar ).

In the 12th century Razi's " Treatise of the Self and the Spirit " ( Kitab al Nafs Wa ’ l Ruh ) analyzed different types of pleasure, sensuous and intellectual, and explained their relations with one another.

* Hamad as-Sinnan, Fawzi al -' Anjari with Approvals from Dr al-Buti and Habib Ali al-Jifri Kitab Ahl as-Sunnah al-Asha ' irah

The Kitab al Khazari, commonly called the Kuzari, is one of the most famous works of the medieval Spanish Jewish philosopher and poet Rabbi Yehuda Halevi, completed around 1140.

* Kitab al -` Ilal wa Ma ‘ rifat al-Rijal: " The Book of Narrations Containing Hidden Flaws and of Knowledge of the Men ( of Hadeeth )" Riyad: Al-Maktabah al-Islamiyyah

* Kitab al Irshad, by Sheikh al Mufid, translated by I. K. A Howard, pp. 279-289

Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid the writer of the famous Shi ' ah book Kitab al Irshad described him as, "... a devout worshipper, pious, a jurist, God-fearing and brave.

The note on p. 42 of volume 30 of the sunni translation of al-Tabari cites pp. 288 – 289 of the Kitab al -' Uyun for the possibility that al-Khayzuran feared al-Hadi would recover from his illness and thus had slave girls suffocate him.

He wrote many poetry anthologies, such as the Kitab al -' Asa (" Book of the Staff "), Lubab al-Adab (" Kernels of Refinement "), and al-Manazil wa ' l-Diyar (" Dwellings and Abodes "), and collections of his own original poetry.

Around 1171 in Hisn Kayfa, Usama wrote the Kitab al -' Asa (" Book of the Staff "), a poetry anthology about famous walking sticks and other staffs, and al-Manazil wa ' l-Diyar (" Dwellings and Abodes ").

* An Arab-Syrian Gentleman and Warrior in the Period of the Crusades ; Memoirs of Usāmah ibn-Munqidh ( Kitab al i ' tibar ), trans Philip K. Hitti.

* Kitab al -' Asa, ed.

* Kitab al i ' tibar, ed.

*" Usama ibn Munqidh's Book of the Staff ( Kitab al ' Asa ): autobiographical and historical excerpts ," trans.