In addition to Jung, Arthur Koestler wrote extensively on synchronicity in The Roots of Coincidence.

Arthur Koestler has written of Beccaria that " there was perhaps no single humanist since Erasmus of Rotterdam who, without being attached to a definite political or religious movement, had such a deep effect on European thought.

* Koestler, Arthur, Reflections on Hanging, Victor Gollancz, 1956.

Finally, Koestler defines a holarchy as a hierarchy of self-regulating holons that function first as autonomous wholes in supra-ordination to their parts, secondly as dependent parts in sub-ordination to controls on higher levels, and thirdly in coordination with their local environment.

* Arthur Koestler text on holon

His works on Communism were reviewed and praised in the West and in India by people like Bertrand Russell, Arthur Koestler, Sri Aurobindo, Ashoka Mehta, Sardar Patel and Philip Spratt.

Back on the surface, the Guardians tell them that the key change is a woman called Edith Koestler, who is scheduled to be run down and killed by a moving van at a specific time.

The first Horizon in colour was Koestler on Creativity, produced by Robert Vas, 5 December 1967.

Sargon would later return in Swamp Thing, " borrowing " the body of an elderly German man named Koestler and planning to lead the souls trapped in Hell in an assault on Heaven.

The current achievements of outstanding practitioners such as Denis Noble, whose model known as the virtual heart is a landmark success, have a certain "· deja vu " quality reminiscent of Koestler as when Noble writes, as he recently did, on the " Ten Commandments of Systems Biology ".

Originally intended to be the first of a trilogy, Koestler later concluded that the book stood well enough on its own for further novels to be redundant.

He escapes to ' Neutralia ', a neutral country based on Portugal, where Koestler himself had gone, and flees from there.

In Janus: A Summing Up ( 1978 ) Koestler continues the theories developed in " The Ghost in the Machine " and further elaborates on the concept of holarchy.

Koestler surmised that Kammerer's experiments on the midwife toad may have been tampered with by a Nazi sympathizer at the University of Vienna.

At the end of the book's last chapter, Koestler summarizes its content and his intentions as follows: " In Part One of this book I have attempted to trace the history of the Khazar Empire based on the scant existing sources.

It also relies on the work of earlier historians, particularly Russian-Israeli historian Abraham Poliak's Hebrew book Khazaria: Toledot mamlakhah yehudit ( 1951 ), and the History of the Jewish Khazars ( 1954 ) by Douglas Morton Dunlop, the author who Koestler himself describes as a main source.

Koestler did not see alleged Khazar ancestry as diminishing the claim of Jews to Israel, which he felt was based on the United Nations mandate and not on Biblical covenants or genetic inheritance.

Goldstein writes that "... Koestler and the Khazar theory he advanced lives on in the fever swamps of the white nationalist movement ".

An August 1976 review in Time magazine described Koestler's theory as " all too facile, despite the obvious effort and time the author spent on his study ", and stated that " Koestler offers a blizzard of information but not enough hard facts to support his thesis ".

In Koestler: The Literary and Political Odyssey of a Twentieth-Century Skeptic ( 2009 ), Michael Scammell writes that Koestler's theory " was almost entirely hypothetical and based on the slenderest of circumstantial evidence ", and takes the book as evidence that Koestler's brain " was starting to fail him ".

The Thirteenth Tribe by Arthur Koestler, located on Archive. org The Internet Archive, accessed June 6, 2012.

The study was led by John Hasted, and on June 21 and 22, 1974, Hasted and Sarfatti joined David Bohm, Arthur Koestler, Arthur C. Clarke, and two of Geller's associates, Ted Bastin and Brendan O ' Regan, to watch Geller display what he said were his psychokinetic powers.

Through extended visits in more remote places such as the Moldavian ASSR ( where he got in touch with his friend Ecaterina Arbore ), Nizhny Novgorod, Baku and Batumi, Istrati learned the full truth of Joseph Stalin's communist dictatorship, out of which experience he wrote his famous book, The Confession of a Loser, the first in the succession of disenchantments expressed by intellectuals such as Arthur Koestler, André Gide and George Orwell.

Koestler's materialistic account argues that the personal experience of duality arises from what Koestler calls a holon.

Koestler uses his portrayal of the original slave revolt to examine the experience of the 20th-century political left in Europe following the rise of a Communist government in the Soviet Union.

* Janus: A Summing Up, a book by Arthur Koestler

In the early 1960s the use of LSD and other hallucinogens was advocated by proponents of the new " consciousness expansion ", such as Timothy Leary, Alan Watts, Aldous Huxley and Arthur Koestler, their writings profoundly influenced the thinking of the new generation of youth.

" Along that same thought, Arthur Koestler stated, " it is the synergistic effects produced by wholes that are the very cause of the evolution of complexity in nature " and used the metaphor of Janus ( a symbol of the unity underlying complements like open / shut, peace / war ) to illustrate how the two perspectives ( strong or holistic vs. weak or reductionistic ) should be treated as perspectives, not exclusives, and should work together to address the issues of emergence.

According to The God that Failed by Arthur Koestler, a former member of the Communist Party of Germany, the largest communist party in Western Europe in the Interwar period, communists, aligned with the Soviet Union, continued to consider the " social fascist " Social Democratic Party of Germany to be the real enemy in Germany, even after the Nazi Party had gotten into power.

In the 1950s and 1960s, he served as a frequent contributor to Encounter, but in private was sometimes bothered by what he regarded as the magazine's overly didactic tone, particularly in allegedly strident pieces by Koestler and Borkenau.

Koestler, in his history of man's vision of the universe, equates the number of epicycles used by Keplar at 48.

During his incapacity he read voraciously ; among the works he studied were Das Kapital, and works by Engels and Lenin, biographies of nineteenth and twentieth century politicians, and novels by authors from Dostoyevsky to Koestler.

In The Case of the Midwife Toad Arthur Koestler surmised that the tampering had been done by a Nazi sympathiser to discredit Kammerer for his political views, and that his research might actually have been valid.

Category: Books by Arthur Koestler

Benjamin's colleague Arthur Koestler, also fleeing Europe, attempted suicide by taking some of the morphine tablets, but he survived.

The word was coined by Arthur Koestler in his book The Ghost in the Machine ( 1967, p. 48 ).

Koestler was compelled by two observations in proposing the notion of the holon.

The second observation was made by Koestler himself in his analysis of hierarchies and stable intermediate forms in both living organisms and social organizations.

According to Koestler the Onogurs were led by Prince Árpad, breaking part of the Khazars empire.

By breaking down rigid categories in the mind ( according to a definition of genius put forward by Arthur Koestler ), the disease makes the thought process both faster and more flexible ; it also causes physical breakdown and, within nine months, death.

* The Sleepwalkers, a 1959 book by Arthur Koestler

Some ten years later, the Dewey Commission was cited in great detail, when in an open letter to the British press dated 25 February 1946, written by George Orwell and signed by Arthur Koestler, C. E. M. Joad, Frank Horrabin, George Padmore, Julian Symons, H. G. Wells, F. A. Ridley, C. A. Smith and John Baird, among others, it was suggested that the Nuremberg Trials then underway were an invaluable opportunity for establishing " historical truth and bearing upon the political integrity " of figures of international standing.

Darkness at Noon () is a novel by the Hungarian-born British novelist Arthur Koestler, first published in 1940.