Many early and lower-end LD players had poor analog audio components, and many early discs had poorly mastered analog audio tracks, making digital soundtracks in any form most desirable to serious enthusiasts.

On certain releases, one of the analog tracks is used to carry a modulated AC-3 signal for 5. 1 channel audio ( for decoding and playback by newer LD players with an " AC-3 RF " output ).

Both the Magnavox Magnavision and the Pioneer LD players used the same model of laser tube.

The use of a solid state laser diode necessitated the introduction of the tilt-servo mechanism in LD players ; this physically tilted the entire laser table, keeping it parallel with the disc, thus ensuring the larger laser beam spot was always perfectly circular and helping to reduce or eliminate crosstalk on warped CLV discs.

Although the DVD / LD combi players offered competent LD performance, they paled in comparison to high-end LD players such as the Pioneer Elite CLD-99 and the Pioneer Hi-Vision / MUSE HLD-X9.

As noted above, the LD section, while competent, is inferior to earlier high-end LD players.

The CLD-R7G, LD-S9 and HLD-X9 share a highly advanced comb filter, allowing them to offer a considerable advantage in picture quality over most other LD players when the S-Video connection is used.

However, some DVD players have cache features which stores a certain amount of the video in RAM which allows the player to index a DVD as quickly as an LD, even down to the frame in some players.

Major variances in picture quality appear between different makers and models of LD players, even when tested on a low to mid-range television.

Some LD players could convert NTSC signals to PAL so that most TVs used in Hong Kong could display the LD materials.

Unlike all DVD players, very few LD players had the ability to unsqueeze the image for 4: 3 sets.

LD < sub > 50 </ sub > figures are frequently used as a general indicator of a substance's acute toxicity.

Measures such as " LD < sub > 1 </ sub >" and " LD < sub > 99 </ sub >" ( dosage required to kill 1 % or 99 %, respectively, of the test population ) are occasionally used for specific purposes.

For this reason, LD < sub > 50 </ sub > figures are often qualified with the mode of administration, e. g., " LD < sub > 50 </ sub > i. v.

The related quantities LD < sub > 50 </ sub >/ 30 or an LD < sub > 50 </ sub >/ 60 are used to refer to a dose that without treatment will be lethal to 50 % of the population within ( respectively ) 30 or 60 days.

The following examples are listed in reference to LD < sub > 50 </ sub > values, in descending order, and accompanied by LC < sub > 50 </ sub > values,

Such paths are represented as " LD * E ".

The potency of different venoms varies ; lethal venoms are often characterised by the median lethal dose ( LD < sub > 50 </ sub >) which will kill 50 % of victims, typically laboratory mice, expressed in milligrams of venom per kilogram of body weight.

" Connectance ( C ) is the fraction of all possible links that are realized ( L / S < sup > 2 </ sup >) and represents a standard measure of food web complexity ..." The distance ( d ) between every species pair in a web is averaged to compute the mean distance between all nodes in a web ( D ) and multiplied by the total number of links ( L ) to obtain link-density ( LD ), which is influenced by scale dependent variables such as species richness.

From the port of Newhaven international ferries run to the French ports of Dieppe ( Transmanche Ferries ); and to Le Havre, ( LD Lines ) Although there are some derelict signs of the one-time train ferry operations, the harbour still sees a great deal of freight and passengers movement, with both the ferries running from this port being under three years old.

The LD also works closely with the stage manager or show control programming, if show control systems are used in that production.

The LD will read the script carefully and make notes on changes in place and time between scenes-such changes are often done just with lighting to avoid too many blackouts in one scene-and will have meetings ( called Design or Production Meetings ) with the Director, Designers, Stage Manager and production manager to discuss ideas for the show and establish budget and scheduling details.

The LD will also attend several later rehearsals to observe the way the actors are being directed to use the stage area (' blocking ') during different scenes, and will receive updates from the stage manager on any changes that occur.

Various forms of paperwork are essential for the LD to successfully communicate their design to various members of the production team.

The LD will discuss the plot with the show's production manager and the theatre's master electrician or technical director to make sure there are no unforeseen problems during Load-In.

The LD only attends these notes calls if units are hung or rehung and require additional focusing.

If significant changes need to be made, the LD will come in and make them, however if only smaller changes are needed, the LD may opt to send the ALD.

If a show runs for a particularly long time then the LD may come in periodically to check the focus of each lighting instrument and if they are retaining their color ( some gel, especially saturated gel, loses its richness and can fade or ' burn out ' over time ).

The LD may also sit in on a performance to make sure that the cues are still being called at the right place and time.

* The Ass't LD may be in charge of running focus, and may even direct where the lights are to be focused.

Focus can run much smoother if the Associate LD and the Assistant LD are keeping good track of which lights have been focused, what's coming up next and directing the electrics crew so that there is minimal down time between focusing each light.

Couperin also turns up along with some lesser-known contemporaries on a disk called Musique Francaise Du 18e Siecle ( BAM LD 060 ).

However, this also means that LD < sub > 50 </ sub > is not the lethal dose for all subjects ; some may be killed by much less, while others survive doses far higher than the LD < sub > 50 </ sub >.

The LD will also make sure that he or she has an accurate plan of the theatre's lighting positions and a list of their equipment, as well as an accurate copy of the set design, especially the ground plan and section.

The LD may also have a copy of the light plot and channel hookup, a remote lighting console, a computer monitor connected to the light board ( so they can see what the board op is doing ), and a headset, though in smaller theatres this is less common.

The LD or Assistant Lighting Director ( also known as the ALD, see below for description ) will be in charge if in attendance.

They should also direct the LD to which units are next and even what their purpose is and a rough focus.

It was also the first LD player to load from the front and not the top.

This was a problem that was coined " laser rot " ( or, " LaserRot ", after the original official CamelCase " LaserDisc " name of the underlying product ) among LD enthusiasts, also called " color flash " internally by laserdisc-pressing plants.

Anime collectors in every country the LD format was released, which includes both North America and Japan, also quickly became familiar with this format, and sought the higher video and sound quality of laserdisc and the availability of numerous titles not available on VHS.

The format also became quite popular in Hong Kong during the 1990s before the introduction of VCDs and DVD ; although people rarely bought the discs ( because each LD was priced around USD100 ), high rental activity helped the video rental business in the city grow larger than it had ever been previously.

LD can also refer to:

Lincoln – Douglas debate ( commonly abbreviated as LD Debate, or simply LD ) is sometimes also called values debate because it traditionally places a heavy emphasis on logic, ethical values, and philosophy.

It also differs from policy in that the focus of LD is generally on values and more abstract philosophical principles.

LD is often also debated at a conversational pace to differentiate it from policy.

However, these are only generalities and not rules ; debaters on the LD " national circuit " frequently speak at speeds comparable to policy debaters and also make extensive use of lengthy quotes / evidence called " cards ".

Most LD tournaments are " power matched " ( also called " power paired " or just " powered ").

This engine was also used in Holden's locally manufactured compact car, the LD Astra ( 1987 – 1989 ), a badge engineered Nissan Pulsar ( N13 ; 1987 – 1991 ), as well as the Pulsar itself.

Scott also scored several goals against MLS and Mexican league teams in the CONCACAF Champions Cup, and was a key player during his first episode with LD Alajuelense.

There are also some local guest houses and motels in Sanniquellie ( e. g. Thomas Motel near Yekepa Parking on the Main Street ) offering local standards of accommodation for prices varies from 100 LD to 250 LD.