Laissez-faire is synonymous with what was referred to as strict capitalist free market economy during the early and mid-19th century as an ideal to achieve.

Laissez-faire (, ) is an economic environment in which transactions between private parties are free from tariffs, government subsidies, and enforced monopolies, with only enough government regulations sufficient to protect property rights against theft and aggression.

Laissez-faire Liberal policies had permitted a handful of hacendados to exercise almost feudal control over the countryside, while peasants had no land and foreign interests manipulated Paraguay's economic fortunes.

Laissez-faire economists oppose crony capitalism as well disparaging governmental favors as incompatible with a true free market.

Traditionally, East Coast liberals were Republican industrialists and old money, exemplified by individuals such as John D. Rockefeller who were both socially liberal as well as fiscally liberal in the classical sense, engaging in both social philanthropy and advocating Laissez-faire economic policy consistent with classical liberalism.

Laissez-faire gained favor over mercantilism in Britain in the 1840s with the repeal of the Corn Laws and the Navigation Acts.

Salisbury said " Laissez-faire is an admirable doctrine but it must be applied on both sides ", as Parliament had enacted new building projects ( such as the Thames Embankment ) which had displaced working-class people and was responsible for " packing the people tighter ": "... thousands of families have only a single room to dwell in, where they sleep and eat, multiply, and die … It is difficult to exaggerate the misery which such conditions of life must cause, or the impulse they must give to vice.

Laissez-faire advocates criticize the term as an ideologically motivated attempt to cast what is in their view the fundamental problem of government intervention or “ investments ” as an avoidable aberration ; free-market advocates refer to governmental favoritism as " crony socialism ", " venture socialism " or " corporatism, a modern form of mercantilism " to emphasize that the only way to run a profitable business in such systems is to have help from corrupt government officials.

Laissez-faire is a more extensive form of free-market capitalism where the role of the state is limited to protecting property rights.

Laissez-faire was seen as the only possible economic approach, and any government intervention was seen as useless.

Some economists, like Milton Friedman and other Laissez-faire economists have argued that there is a direct relationship between economic growth and economic freedom, and studies suggest this is true.

Despite the economic crisis, Laissez-faire persisted as the guiding economic principle of Conservative Party ideology.

Laissez-faire ideology was largely discredited during the Great Depression.

Laissez-faire economists such as Friedrich Hayek and Milton Friedman sometimes refer to externalities as " neighborhood effects " or " spillovers ", although externalities are not necessarily minor or localized.

Laissez-faire economics and were outspoken critics of the New Deal and later the Great Society.

Laissez-faire advocates argue that such a monopoly can only come about through the use of physical coercion or fraudulent means by the corporation or by government intervention and that there is no case of a coercive monopoly ever existing that was not the result of government policies.

;; Laissez-faire Economics: Complementing a strict construction of the Constitution, the Jacksonians generally favored a hands-off approach to the economy, as opposed to the Whig program sponsoring modernization, railroads, banking, and economic growth.

Cohen was an advocate of liberalism in politics, and was opposed to Laissez-faire economics.

His main idea was to introduce Laissez-faire market economy in Poland.

Laissez-faire ideology underpinned the policies of Liberals and Conservatives alike.

Laissez-faire Environments give freedom to the group for policy determination without any participation from the leader.

Laissez-faire was his erroneous idea.

Laissez-faire advocates do not oppose monopolies unless they maintain their existence through coercion to prevent competition ( see coercive monopoly ), and often assert that monopolies have historically developed only because of government intervention rather than due to a lack of intervention.

To pursue an Educational propaganda throughout the country in furtherance of the policies that have been expounded by Mr. W. M. Hughes Minister of Australia ; to establish branches in every constituency and county, and to support candidates pledged to these policies in both the country and in the House of Commons ; to urge the importance of the measures proposed to assist the more vigorous prosecution of the war, and to bring about its speedy and satisfactory termination, and to controvert the false economic doctrine so aptly described as ' Laissez-faire '.

In 2000, government investigations of The American Spectator caused Tyrrell to sell the magazine to venture capitalist George Gilder.

In 1878, George I. Seney, a New York capitalist, secured control of large plots of railroad land in Dewald and Olney Townships.

* Chapter 7 of the first part of George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four, in which " the law by which every capitalist had the right to sleep with any woman working in one of his factories " is an element of the Party's propaganda

**** Marvin Bush ( born 1956 ), a venture capitalist, fourth son of George H. W. Bush, and brother of President George W. Bush.

George Cukor's Sylvia Scarlett ( 1935 ) marked his first appearance in a Hollywood film, as Katharine Hepburn's father ;-his final British film, as a capitalist trying to take over a family brewery in Cheer Boys Cheer ( 1939 ) is credited with being the first authentic Ealing comedy.

Later he became known as a venture capitalist, for instance, he managed George Soros's investments to Finland.

Founded in 1991 by filmmaker George Lucas and venture capitalist Steve Arnold, the Foundation celebrates and encourages innovation in K-12 schools.

* George Albertus Cox ( 1840 – 1914 ), Canadian capitalist and Senator

She worked a stage actress until her marriage, in the eighties, to George J. Gould, Esquire, of New York, son of the great American capitalist, Jay Gould.

According to Wolff, markets and capitalist social relations are founded on exploitation and injustice, and Rawls does not give arguments to defend his theory from these charges.

It supports national liberation movements against what it takes to be imperialism by capitalist nations.

This economic system supports a capitalist free market economy subject to control by a democratic political system that is supported by the majority.

This supports Rimbaud ’ s role in revolutions as the Dadaist movement was a protest movement against capitalist ideals believed to be at the root of all war.

Marx supports the ideas of deviance, claiming that individuals choose to engage in such rebellious and conflicting behavior as a response to the inequalities of the capitalist system.

Being himself one of the leaders of the Communist Party of Italy, ( CPI ), his theories had, in turn, been strongly influenced by the German social thinker Karl Marx, and have their ideological roots grounded in Marxist theory of false consciousness and capitalist exploitation.

Through its unifying goal, nationalism strives for centralization, both in specific territories and in a ruling elite of individuals, while it prepares a population for capitalist exploitation.

He claimed that on top of individual exploitation, the capitalist also unjustly appropriates the additional value ( termed “ collective force ”) produced by co-operative activity as a “ force of one thousand men working twenty days has been paid the same wages that one would be paid for working fifty-five years ; but this force of one thousand has done in twenty days what a single man could not have accomplished, though he had laboured for a million centuries .” Thus the capitalist may have “ paid all the individual forces ” but “ the collective force still remains to be paid ” and which the capitalists “ enjoy unjustly .” Other notable anti-capitalist thinkers claim that the elite maintain wage slavery and a divided working class through their influence over the media and entertainment industry, educational institutions, unjust laws, nationalist and corporate propaganda, pressures and incentives to internalize values serviceable to the power structure, state violence, fear of unemployment and a historical legacy of exploitation and profit accumulation / transfer under prior systems, which shaped the development of economic theory:

In the course of economic relations, the working class and the bourgeoisie continually engage in class struggle, wherein the capitalists exploit the workers, whilst the workers resist their economic exploitation, which occurs because the worker owns no means of production, and, to earn a living, he or she seeks employment from the bourgeois capitalist ; the worker produces goods and services that are property of the employer, who sells them for a price.

For Crosland, the relevance of nationalization ( or public ownership ) for socialists was much reduced as a consequence of contemporary full employment, Keynesian management of the economy and reduced capitalist exploitation.

In the declaration for the Indigenous Intercontinental Conference, it designated this date because of " 515 years since the invasion of ancient Indigenous territories and the onslaught of the war of conquest, spoils and capitalist exploitation ".

Marxist theory points to the entire capitalist class as an exploitative entity, and to capitalism as a system based on exploitation.

The kinds of exploitation described by other theories ( see further below ) are usually called " super-exploitation "— exploitation that goes beyond the normal standards of exploitation prevalent in capitalist society.

In the Marxist view, " normal " exploitation is based in three structural characteristics of capitalist society:

Some Marxian theories of imperialism extend this kind of structural theory of exploitation further, positing exploitation of poor countries by rich capitalist ones ( or by transnational corporations ).

Further, while Marx saw exploitation as raising the total amount of production in capitalist society, in these theories exploitation represents a form of waste or inefficiency, hurting growth under capitalism.

Moreover, the capitalist production system also reifies labour into the “ concrete ” concept of “ work ” ( a job ), for which the worker is paid wages — at the lowest possible rate — that maintain a maximum rate of return on the Capitalist ’ s investment capital ; this is an aspect of exploitation.

This makes it unnecessary to postulate exploitation in order to understand the return on capital, although how the length of the production process in and of itself produces value remains unclear, as if Böhm-Bawerk's idea were correct, the more inefficient a capitalist manufacturer, the longer their production process and the more profit they would accrue.

These critics feel a need for “ resistance against the causes of capitalist exploitation, not its symptoms ”.

The Situationist general principles were an attack on the capitalist exploitation and degradation of the life of people, and solution of alternative life experiences, construction of situations, unitary urbanism, psychogeography, with the union of play, freedom and critical thinking.

Despite Tsarist censorship proscribing " the harmful doctrines of socialism and communism ", the Russian censors considered Capital as a " strictly scientific work " of political economy the content of which did not apply to monarchic Russia, where " capitalist exploitation " had never occurred, and was officially dismissed, given that " that very few people in Russia will read it, and even fewer will understand it "; nonetheless, Karl Marx acknowledged that Russia was the country where Capital " was read and valued more than anywhere.

" hese leaders have lost touch with the wide unskilled masses, with the toiling poor, they have become oblivious of the growth of capitalist exploitation and of the revolutionary aims of the proletariat.

The corporatist character of Peronism drew attacks from Socialists who accused his administration of preserving capitalist exploitation and class division.