If so, all I can say is, it is a new Liberalism, and not the one that I have known and practised under more illustrious auspices than these, under one who was not merely the greatest Liberal but the greatest financier that this country has ever known — I mean Mr. Gladstone ... Gladstone ranks as the great financial authority of our country ... Mr. Gladstone would be 100 in December if he were alive, but, centenarian as he would be, I am inclined to think that he would make very short work of the deputation of the Cabinet that waited on him with this measure, and that they would soon find themselves on the stairs, if not in the street.

In Cowling's view " Liberalism is essentially the belief that there can be a reconciliation of all difficulties and differences, and since there can't, it is a misleading way to approach politics ".

The battles between Germans and Allies were seen as far less battles between different nations than they represent the contrast between Liberalism and reaction, between the aspirations of democracy and the Wilhelminism gospel of iron.

Liberalism in North America has a different background.

The political terms of " modern ", " progressive " or " new " Liberalism began to appear in the mid to late 1880s and became increasingly common to denote the tendency in the Liberal Party to favour an increased role for the state as more important than the classical liberal stress on self-help and freedom of choice.

He continued, however, to contribute articles to the North British Review, which, previously a Scottish Free Church organ, had been acquired by friends in sympathy with him, and which for some years ( until 1872, when it ceased to appear ) actively promoted the interests of a high-class Liberalism in both temporal and ecclesiastical matters ; he also did a good deal of lecturing on historical subjects.

For the next few years after this speech Lord Althorp occasionally spoke in debate and always on the side of Liberalism, but from 1813 to 1818 he was only rarely in the House of Commons.

However, the Liberal Party split on the issue of Irish Home Rule, leading to another general election in 1886 in which the Conservatives were the largest party and were enabled to form a minority government by the fragment of Liberalism opposed to Home Rule, the Liberal Unionist Party.

In initial debates on the spending cuts, Conservative MP for Gainsborough, Edward Leigh described Laws as heeding to " stern, unbending Gladstonian Liberalism ".

However, the Liberal Party split on the issue of Irish Home Rule, leading to another general election in 1886, in which the Conservatives won the most seats and governed with the support of the fragment of Liberalism opposed to Home Rule, the Liberal Unionist Party.

Liberalism depends on the socialization of individuals to fear the constant presence of danger, e. g., public campaigns advocating savings banks, public hygiene, and disease prevention, the development of detective novels as a genre and of news stories of crime, and sexual anxieties surrounding " degeneration.

* 2001 – Thomas A. Spragens, Jr. for Civic Liberalism: Reflections on Our Democratic Ideals

Liberalism in Poland gained on significance during Polish Renaissance, but subsequentely it lost its followers in the era of counterreformation, which in Poland was not free of violence.

In November 1989 Cowling published his essay on ‘ The Sources of the New Right ’ in Encounter which detailed the ideological roots of Thatcherism Britain and became the Preface to the second edition of Mill and Liberalism in 1990.

" Racial Liberalism, the Moynihan Report, and the Daedalus Project on ' The Negro American.

He is remembered chiefly as an energetic opponent of Polish national aspirations, of extreme Liberalism, of the system of public instruction based on natural science, and of German political influence.

* Left, Right and Center: Essays on Liberalism and Conservatism in the United States, ed.

In recent years, new study and research centres and institutes have been created ( Institute for Research in Technology, Institute for Liberalism, Krausism and Freemasonry Research, Graduate Studies Institute, Institute for Educational Science, Institute for Migration Research, Faith and Secularism Institute, Law Innovation Center, Modern Language Institute, University Institute on the Family ).

Liberalism is a Mental Disorder stayed on the Top 10 New York Times best-seller list for three weeks after its release on April 12, 2005.

Liberalism, he argued, was anti-fascist insofar as, on his account, it recognised that liberty was achieved through struggle and conflict.

in 1985 for a thesis on “ Hayek ’ s Conservative Liberalism ”.

Liberalism manifested a tempered version of Wilson's idealism in the wake of World War I. Cognizant of the failures of Idealism to prevent renewed isolationism following World War I, and its inability to manage the balance of power in Europe to prevent the outbreak of a new war, liberal thinkers devised a set of international institutions based on rule of law and regularized interaction.

Neoconservatism drew from Liberalism its intense focus on the promotion of " universal values ", in this case democracy, human rights, free trade, women's rights and minority protections.

Liberalism combined republicanism with a belief in progress and liberalization based on capitalism.

| align = left | Conservative liberalism / Liberalism

In defeating `` Louis Capet '', John Tower's victory in Texas signals, once again, the end of the divine right of Liberalism.

Hobhouse, in Liberalism ( 1911 ), attributed this purported shift, which included qualified acceptance of government intervention in the economy and the collective right to equality in dealings, to an increased desire for what Hobhouse called " just consent ".

Michelet attempted to conciliate a rational communication with a fraternal communication, " right beyond right ", and thus the rival traditions of Socialism and Liberalism.

John Maynard Keynes | Lord Keynes ( right ) and Harry Dexter White, at the Bretton Woods conference, where the key institutions that would support Embedded Liberalism were created.

Trevelyan's Liberalism was above all a liberalism of the spirit, a deep feeling of communion with men fighting for country and for liberty.

By the early 20th century the Liberals stance began to shift towards " New Liberalism ", what would today be called social liberalism: a belief in personal liberty with a support for government intervention to provide minimum levels of welfare.

For the next thirty years Gladstone and Liberalism were synonymous.

In particular he canvassed the support of the young post-war university students and recent graduates, appealing to younger voters in a way that many of his recent predecessors had not, and asserting a new strand of Liberalism for the post-war world.

In the 2005 general election, the Liberal Democrats elected 62 MPs to the House of Commons, a far cry from the days when the Liberals had just 5 MPs and Liberalism as a political force had seemed moribund.

Liberalism.

Liberalism and the Culture of Security: The Nineteenth-Century Rhetoric of Reform University of Alabama Press, 2011.

Hughes was a professor in the 1890s, a staunch supporter of Britain's New Liberalism, an important leader of the progressive movement of the 20th century, a leading diplomat and New York lawyer in the days of Harding and Coolidge, and was known for being a swing voter when dealing with cases related to the New Deal in the 1930s.

* Charles Arthur Willard Liberalism and the Problem of Knowledge: A New Rhetoric for Modern Democracy.

Strongly entrenched in an organic but very English Catholicism, advocating culturally traditionalist and agrarian values, directly challenging the precepts of Whig history — Belloc was nonetheless an MP for the Liberal Party and Chesterton once stated " As much as I ever did, more than I ever did, I believe in Liberalism.

Liberalism Against Populism: A Confrontation Between the Theory of Democracy and the Theory of Social Choice.

I pledge to strengthen European Liberalism, support Liberal parties across our continent and build up the ELDR by opening its doors to new members.

His essay has served as an inspiration to other liberal-minded economists wishing to distinguish themselves from conservative thinkers, for example James M. Buchanan's essay " Why I, Too, Am Not a Conservative: The Normative Vision of Classical Liberalism ".

Hayek and after: Hayekian Liberalism as a Research Programme.

" The ' Great Society ' and the ' Open Society ': Liberalism in Hayek and Popper.

However, their efforts were unable to stop the spread of revolutionary movements: the middle classes had been deeply influenced by the ideals of the French revolution, the Industrial Revolution brought important economical and social changes, the lower classes started to be influenced by socialist, communist and anarchistic ideas ( especially those summarised by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in The Communist Manifesto ), and the preference of the new capitalists became Liberalism.

Political historian James Jupp says that, in domestic policy, Holt identified with the reformist wing of Victorian Liberalism.

" Liberalism, existentialism and anarchism are examples of movements that take the human individual as a central unit of analysis.

For L. Susan Brown " Liberalism and anarchism are two political philosophies that are fundamentally concerned with individual freedom yet differ from one another in very distinct ways.

Liberalism ( from the Latin liberalis, " of freedom ; worthy of a free man, gentlemanlike, courteous, generous ") is the belief in the importance of individual freedom.

Liberalism comes in many forms.

* Willard, CA 1996 — Liberalism and the Problem of Knowledge: A New Rhetoric for Modern Democracy, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.