Aimed-for things which the Socratics argued would tend to happen by nature, Machiavelli said would happen by chance.

Finally, Machiavelli makes a point that bringing new benefits to a conquered people will not be enough to cancel the memory of old injuries, an idea Allan Gilbert said can be found in Tacitus and Seneca the Younger.

Niccolò Machiavelli even said that condottieri fought each other in grandiose, but often pointless and near-bloodless battles.

Sometimes said to be the next Nicolo Machiavelli, he was born in Limoges where his father Arnaud de Silhouette ( from Biarritz, the modern Standard Basque form of the name would be Zuloeta ) was sent.

Vetinari is sometimes said to have been based on the Italian statesman and diplomat, Niccolò Machiavelli, but in fact favours a subtly different ( though equally pragmatic ) form of statecraft.

Machiavelli is said to have realized that a fear of youth is what kept the city of Florence from keeping a standing army.

Niccolò Machiavelli, at the beginning of the 16th century said: " We Italians are irreligious and corrupt above others ... because the church and her representatives have set us the worst example.

Only one other contemporary of More's evokes so immediate and direct a response, and only one other contemporary work -- Niccolo Machiavelli and The Prince.

Agathocles was cited as from the lowest, most abject condition of life and as an example of “ those who by their crimes come to be princes ” in Chapter VIII of Niccolò Machiavelli ’ s treatise on politics, The Prince ( 1513 ).

In The Prince, Machiavelli uses Borgia as an example to elucidate the dangers of acquiring a principality by virtue of another.

Machiavelli attributes two episodes to Cesare Borgia that were at least partially executed by his father: the method by which the Romagna was pacified, which Machiavelli describes in chapter VII of The Prince, and the assassination of his captains on New Year's Eve of 1503 in Senigallia.

* The Prince by Niccolò Machiavelli

The Education of a Christian Prince was published in 1516, three years after Niccolò Machiavelli ’ s The Prince.

In other words, Machiavelli was a sort of political thinker, perhaps most renowned for his political handbook titled, The Prince, which is about ruling and the exercise of power.

To improve the well-being of her subjects she studied architecture, agriculture, and industry, and followed the principles that Niccolò Machiavelli had set forth for rulers in his book The Prince.

Believing that people were motivated by self-interest, Niccolò Machiavelli wrote The Prince in 1513 as advice for the city of Florence, Italy.

In The Prince, the Discourses, and in the Life of Castruccio Castracani, he describes " prophets ," as he calls them, like Moses, Romulus, Cyrus the Great, and Theseus ( he treats pagan and Christian patriarchs in the same way ) as the greatest of new princes, the glorious and brutal founders of the most novel innovations in politics, and men whom Machiavelli assures us have always used a large amount of armed force and murder against their own people.

Machiavelli is most famous for a short political treatise, The Prince, written in 1513 but not published until 1532, five years after his death.

One of the most important early works dedicated to criticism of Machiavelli, especially The Prince, was that of the Huguenot, Innocent Gentillet, whose work commonly referred to as Discourse against Machiavelli or Anti Machiavel was published in Geneva in 1576.

" Machiavelli: The Republican Citizen and the Author of ' the Prince '", English Historical Review Vol.

An Unlikely Prince: The Life and Times of Machiavelli ( Da Capo Press ; 2010 ) 334 pages

* The Prince by Niccolò Machiavelli

A minority ( including Jean-Jacques Rousseau ) could interpret The Prince as a satire meant to be given to the Medici after their recapture of Florence and their subsequent expulsion of Machiavelli from Florence.

Julius features prominently in The Prince of Niccolò Machiavelli, both as an enemy of a leading protagonist of The Prince, Cesare Borgia, and as an example of an ecclesiastical prince who consolidates authority and wisely follows Fortuna.

By the time Machiavelli began work on The Prince, he had decided to refer to both aristocracies and democracies as republics.

The early 16th century works of Machiavelli ( especially The Prince ) played a central role in popularizing the use of the word " state " in something similar to its modern sense.

* The Prince is published five years after death of the author Niccolò Machiavelli.

* Niccolò Machiavelli writes The Prince.

Machiavelli argued that, had Cesare been able to win the favor of the new Pope, he would have been a very successful ruler.

Machiavelli has become infamous for such political advice, ensuring that he would be remembered in history through the adjective, " Machiavellian.

Machiavelli stated that it would be best to be both loved and feared.

He estimated that these sects last from 1666 to 3000 years each time, which, as pointed out by Leo Strauss, would mean that Christianity became due to start finishing about 150 years after Machiavelli.

Machiavelli argued against seeing mere peace and economic growth as worthy aims on their own, if they would lead to what Mansfield calls the " taming of the prince.

Unlike Machiavelli and Hobbes but like Aquinas, Locke would accept Aristotle's dictum that man seeks to be happy in a state of social harmony as a social animal.

On the other hand, notes that " even if we were forced to grant that Machiavelli was essentially a patriot or a scientist, we would not be forced to deny that he was a teacher of evil ".

Xenophon also, as Strauss pointed out, wrote a dialogue, Hiero which showed a wise man dealing sympathetically with a tyrant, coming close to what Machiavelli would do in questioning the ideal of " the imagined prince ".

Machiavelli used the Persian empire of Darius III, conquered by Alexander the Great, to illustrate this point and then noted that the Medici, if they think about it, will find this historical example similar to the " kingdom of the Turk " ( Ottoman Empire ) in their time-making this a potentially easier conquest to hold than France would be.

In addressing the question of whether it is better to be loved or feared, Machiavelli writes, “ The answer is that one would like to be both the one and the other ; but because it is difficult to combine them, it is far safer to be feared than loved if you cannot be both .” As Machiavelli asserts, commitments made in peace are not always kept in adversity ; however, commitments made in fear are kept out of fear.

Machiavelli is indicating in this passage, as in some others in his works, that Christianity itself was making Italians helpless and lazy concerning their own politics, as if they would leave dangerous rivers un-controlled.

Machiavelli would have granted the sovereign the right to act for the benefit of his state without moral consideration, and Protestant theorists advocated a popular government, or at least an elective monarchy.

Niccolò Machiavelli recounted it in his 1531 Discourses on Livy, and presents both a criticism of the Romans and Alba Longans ( that they would allow the fate of a war come down to single combat ) and also a commendation of the Romans ' willingness to pass a sentence of death upon one who had so recently saved the city.

A broad overview would then have Erasmus, Francis Bacon, Niccolò Machiavelli, and Galileo Galilei represent the rise of empiricism and humanism in place of scholastic tradition.

The noble baron Montesquieu would make the case for liberalism ; the Florentine power broker Machiavelli would present the case for despotism.

* As Machiavelli described the start of the “ Italian Wars ”, Charles VIII, hoping to capture the Kingdom of Naples, invaded Italy at the head of a 30, 000 man force, one of the first armed with modern artillery, and on October 29th 1494 the French king breached Fivizzano ’ s defensive walls with an artillery assault and then sacked the city on the way to Florence where Savonarola praised the French monarch as a savior who would cleanse the city of decadent corruption.

Of the Republic, Niccolò Machiavelli remarked " In order to create a Republic in Milan it would be necessary to exterminate all the nobility.

Machiavelli also states that Pitti would give sanctuary to any criminal within his walls if they could be of use in their building or decoration.