* January 18 – Maria Clementina Sobieski, Polish princess ( b. 1702 )

He was the son of the Old Pretender, Prince James, son of exiled Stuart King, James II & VII and his wife Maria Clementina Sobieska and great-grandson of John III Sobieski, most famous for the victory over the Ottoman Turks in the 1683 Battle of Vienna.

One putto raises his finger to his lips in a Masonic gesture of silence and secrecy whilst the bust has a close resemblance to the Polish Princess Maria Clementina Sobieska

The historian Jane Clark has noted that the female bust bears a resemblance to the Jacobite Queen and Polish Princess Maria Clementina Sobieska, wife of James the Old Pretender.

Maria Clementina Sobieska ( sometimes spelled: Maria Klementyna Sobieska ) ( 1702 – 1735 ) was a Polish noblewoman, the granddaughter of the Polish king John III Sobieski.

To placate him, the Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI arrested Maria Clementina while on her way to Italy to marry James Francis Edward.

She was confined in Innsbruck Castle but eventually the guards were deceived and Maria Clementina escaped to Bologna, Italy, where, for safety from further intrusions, she was married by proxy to James who was in Spain at that time.

Following their marriage, James and Maria Clementina were invited to reside in Rome at the special request of Pope Clement XI, who acknowledged them as the King and Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland.

The Popes Clement XI and Innocent XIII considered James and Maria Clementina the rightful and, more importantly, Catholic King and Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland: the cousin of Pope Innocent XIII, Francesco Maria Conti, from Siena, was here the Gentiluomo di Camera ( the chamberlaine ) in the little Roman Jacobite court.

The married life of James and Maria Clementina proved turbulent and unhappy.

Soon after their second child's birth, Maria Clementina left him and went to live in Rome in the convent of St. Cecilia.

Maria Clementina was prone to depression, spending much of her time praying.

Maria Clementina died at the early age of 32 on 18 January 1735.

Maria Clementina and James Francis Edward had two sons:

* 18 July 1702 – 3 September 1719: Maria Clementina Sobieska

* 3 September 1719 – 18 January 1735: Maria Clementina Sobieska

Image: Maria Klementyna Sobieska. jpeg | Maria Clementina by Pierre Imbert Drevet.

Image: Maria Klementyna Sobieska Funeral. jpg |" Pompe funebre " for Maria Clementina at Rome.

Image: Medal commemorating Princess Maria Clementina Sobieska. PNG | Medal commemorating Maria Clementina from 1719

Thus, there was seen a need for a new law that would ensure the continuance of the succession following the death of the last legal heir under the Bill of Rights, being Princess Anne, guaranteeing the line of succession would continue in the Protestant line, and excluding any possible claims by the deposed James II or his son and daughter, James Francis Edward and Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart.

James, who was supportive of Frederick, and had been seeking marriage between the new Prince of Wales and the Spanish Infanta, Maria Anna of Spain, since Prince Henry's death, began to see the Spanish Match as a possible means of achieving peace in Europe.

James also requested that Parliament sanction the marriage between the Prince of Wales and Princess Henrietta Maria of France, whom Charles had met in Paris while en route to Spain.

File: CatherineSienaMeo. jpg | Michele de Meo, " Catherine of Siena, Patroness of Europe ," 2003, Chapel of St. James, Church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva

Dozens of other cultural and popular icons got their start in the Village's nightclub, theater, and coffeehouse scene during the 1950s, 1960s, and early 1970s, notably besides Bob Dylan, there were Jimi Hendrix, Barbra Streisand, Peter, Paul, and Mary, Bette Midler, The Lovin ' Spoonful, Simon & Garfunkel, Liza Minnelli, Jackson Browne, James Taylor, Eric Andersen, Joan Baez, The Velvet Underground, The Kingston Trio, Carly Simon, Richie Havens, Maria Muldaur, Tom Paxton, Janis Ian, Phil Ochs, Joni Mitchell, Laura Nyro, and Nina Simone among others.

The Latin inscription on their tomb, Regno consortes et urna, hic obdormimus Elizabetha et Maria sorores, in spe resurrectionis ( affixed there by James VI of Scotland when he succeeded Elizabeth as King James I of England ) translates to " Consorts in realm and tomb, here we sleep, Elizabeth and Mary, sisters, in hope of resurrection ".

The Pope's cousin, Francesco Maria Conti, from Siena, became chamberlain of James ' little court in the Roman Muti Palace.

File: Jaume I, Cantigas de Santa Maria, s. XIII. jpg | The Moors request permission from James I of Aragon

* Gregor, A. James and Maria Hsia Chang.

Like James, Anne later supported a Catholic match for both their sons, and her correspondence with the potential bride, the Spanish Infanta, Maria Anna, included a request that two friars be sent to Jerusalem to pray for her and the King.

* Maria Hebert-Leiter " Becoming Cajun, Becoming American: The Acadian in American Literature from Longfellow to James Lee Burke ".

James and his sister Louisa Maria, were brought up in France.

Martha's Vineyard has also been or is home to a number of artists and musicians, including Evan Dando, Tim " Johnny Vegas " Burton of the Mighty Mighty Bosstones, James Taylor, Carly Simon, Livingston Taylor, Ben Taylor, Huey Taylor ( musician / hotelier ), Kate Taylor, Alex Taylor, Tom Rush, Geoff Muldaur, Maria Muldaur, Willy Mason, Unbusted, Mike Nichols, Gordon Healy, Kahoots, Slim-Bob Berosh and Timo Elliott.

* Maria White Lowell ( 1821 – 1853 ), poet, abolitionist, and wife of James Russell Lowell

Born in Chillicothe, Ohio, the daughter of James Webb, a doctor, and Maria Cook-Webb, Lucy was descended from seven veterans of the American Revolution.

James lived in the Château for 13 years, and his daughter Louisa Maria Stuart was born in exile here in 1692.

* Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart ( 1692 – 1712 ), daughter of James II of England, known to Jacobites as the Princess Royal

Franz Kafka ( 1883-1924 ): " The Metamorphosis " ( 1915 ), The Trial ( 1925 ), The Castle ( 1926 ); Rainer Maria Rilke ( 1875-1926 ): The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge ( 1910 ); Alfred Döblin ( 1857-1957 ): Berlin Alexanderplatz ( 1929 ); Wyndham Lewis ( 1882-1957 ); Djuna Barnes ( 1892-1982 ): Nightwood ( 1936 ); Malcolm Lowry ( 1909-57 ): Under the Volcano ( 1947 ); Ernest Hemingway ; William Faulkner ; James Hanley ( 1897-1985 ); James Joyce ( 1882-1941 ): " The Nighttown " section of Ulysses ( 1922 ); Patrick White ( 1912-90 ); D. H. Lawrence ; Sheila Watson: Double Hook ; Elias Canetti: Auto de Fe ; Thomas Pynchon.

The area was first noted by the U. S. military in 1850 when Lt. James Harvey Simpson named it Sieneguilla de Maria.

`` Joseph Maria Ballestre meet Francis Xavier Bowman.

The extinction of the Medici dynasty and the accession in 1737 of Francis Stephen, duke of Lorraine and husband of Maria Theresa of Austria, led to Tuscany's temporary inclusion in the territories of the Austrian crown.

Francis was a son of the future Emperor Leopold II ( 1747 – 1792 ) and his wife Maria Luisa of Spain ( 1745 – 1792 ), daughter of Charles III of Spain.

In Vienna on 26 September 1819 ( by proxy ) and again in Dresden on 7 October 1819 ( in person ), Frederick Augustus married firstly with the Archduchess Maria Caroline of Austria ( Maria Karoline Ferdinande Theresia Josephine Demetria ), daughter of Emperor Francis I of Austria.

A representative of the House of Wittelsbach became elected for a short period of time, but in 1745, Maria Theresa's husband, Francis I of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty, became King ; all of his successors were also from the same family.

While he cared little for who should become King of Poland, the cause of protecting the King's father-in-law was a sympathetic one, and he hoped to use the war as a means of humbling the Austrians, and perhaps securing the long-desired Duchy of Lorraine from its duke, Francis Stephen, who was expected to marry Emperor Charles's daughter Maria Theresa, which would bring Austrian power dangerously close to the French border.

* January 1 – Queen Maria II of Portugal marries Prince Ferdinand Augustus Francis Anthony of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.

* September 12 – Francis I is elected Holy Roman Emperor with the support of his wife, Maria Theresia of Austria.

* February 12 – Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor marries Maria Theresa of Austria, ruler of the Habsburg Empire.

Ferdinand married his fourth wife, Maria Christina, the daughter of Francis I, the Bourbon king of Sicily, in 1829.

She was the fifteenth and penultimate child of Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and Empress Maria Theresa.

She was the youngest daughter of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Maria Theresa, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia, and ruler of the Habsburg dominions ; her godparents were the King of Portugal and his wife.

The events leading to her eventual betrothal to the Dauphin of France began in 1765, when her father, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, died of a stroke in August, leaving Maria Theresa to co-rule with her elder son and heir, the Emperor Joseph II.

Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, had sixteen children, including Queen Marie Antoinette of France, Queen Maria Carolina of Naples, Duchess Maria Amalia of Parma and two Holy Roman Emperors, Joseph II and Leopold II.

Though she was expected to cede power to Francis and Joseph, both of whom were officially her co-rulers in Austria and Bohemia, Maria Theresa was the absolute sovereign who ruled by the counsel of her advisers.

Maria Theresa and Francis Stephen at their wedding breakfast, by Martin van Meytens.

Even though Francis Stephen was his favourite candidate for Maria Theresa's hand, the Emperor considered other possibilities.

Maria Theresa, who had become close to Francis Stephen, was relieved.

Francis Stephen remained at the imperial court until 1729, when he ascended the throne of Lorraine, but was not formally promised Maria Theresa's hand until 31 January 1736, during the War of the Polish Succession.

In order to make him eligible for the imperial throne and to enable him to vote in the imperial elections as elector of Bohemia ( which she couldn't due to her gender ), Maria Theresa made Francis Stephen co-ruler of the Austrian and Bohemian lands on 21 November 1740.

The Lorraine duke Francis Stephen, betrothed to the Emperor's daughter Archduchess Maria Theresa, was compensated with the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, where the last Medici ruler had recently died without issue.