The two-stage Atlas-Agena rocket carrying Mariner 1 had veered off-course during its launch on July 22, 1962 due to a defective signal from the Atlas and a bug in the program equations of the ground-based guiding computer, and subsequently the spacecraft was destroyed by the Range Safety Officer.

" An example of a so-called " Jonah " would be that of the sailor in Samuel Taylor Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, who was cursed to be lost at sea after he killed an albatross.

Opium was for him what wandering and moral tale-telling became for the Mariner – the personal shape of repetition compulsion.

He finished Titus Groan and Gormenghast and completed some of his most acclaimed illustrations for books by other authors, including Lewis Carroll's Hunting of the Snark ( for which he was reportedly paid only £ 5 ) and Alice in Wonderland, Samuel Taylor Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, the Brothers Grimm's Household Tales, All This and Bevin Too by Quentin Crisp and Robert Louis Stevenson's Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, as well as producing many original poems, drawings, and paintings.

The Mariner program was a program conducted by the American space agency NASA in conjunction with Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ) that launched a series of robotic interplanetary probes designed to investigate Mars, Venus and Mercury from 1962 to 1973.

All of the Mariners launched after Mariner 2 had four solar panels for power, except for Mariner 10, which had two, and Mariner 2, which was based on the Ranger Lunar probe.

Mariner 1 ( designated Mariner R-1 ) was launched on July 22, 1962, but was destroyed approximately 5 minutes after liftoff by the Air Force Range Safety Officer when its malfunctioning Atlas-Agena rocket went off course.

Mariner 2 ( designated Mariner R-2 ) was launched on August 27, 1962, sending it on a 3½-month flight to Venus.

The mission was a success, and Mariner 2 became the first spacecraft to have flown by another planet.

Mariner 3 was lost when the launch vehicle's nose fairing failed to jettison.

Its sister ship, Mariner 4, launched on November 28, 1964, was the first successful flyby of the planet Mars and gave the first glimpse of Mars at close range.

rightThe Mariner 5 spacecraft was launched to Venus on June 14, 1967 and arrived in the vicinity of the planet in October 1967.

Mariner 6 was launched on February 24, 1969, followed by Mariner 7 on March 21, 1969.

rightMariner 8 and Mariner 9 were identical sister craft designed to map the Martian surface simultaneously, but Mariner 8 was lost in a launch vehicle failure.

Its identical sister craft, Mariner 9, was launched in May 1971 and became the first artificial satellite of Mars.

rightThe Mariner 10 spacecraft launched on November 3, 1973 and was the first to use a gravity assist trajectory, accelerating as it entered the gravitational influence of Venus, then being flung by the planet's gravity onto a slightly different course to reach Mercury.

Originally, a Mariner 11 and Mariner 12 were planned as part of the Mariner program, however, due to congressional budget cuts, the mission was scaled back to be a flyby of Jupiter and Saturn, and renamed the Mariner Jupiter-Saturn probes.

Others concluded that a search for life on Earth at kilometer resolution, using several thousand photographs, did not reveal a sign of life on the vast majority of these photographs ; thus, based on the 22 photographs taken by Mariner 4, one could not conclude there was no intelligent life on Mars.

The panel permanently failed on November 15, but Mariner 2 was close enough to the Sun that one panel could supply adequate power ; thus the cruise science experiments were left active.

The Voyager space probes were originally conceived as part of the Mariner program, and they were thus named Mariner 11 and Mariner 12, respectively.

In his second game as a Mariner, on May 20, Henderson hit a leadoff home run, thus becoming the third player to hit a home run in four different decades ( Ted Williams and Willie McCovey were the others, and Omar Vizquel became the fourth in 2010 ).

Both missions were to share the Mariner Mark II spacecraft design, thus minimizing costs.

A joint venture between Yamaha and Brunswick had produced a low-cost engine called Mariner ; thus Brunswick then had an engine at both high and low ends of the market, leaving OMC sandwiched in the middle.

Based on the observations made by Mariner 6, Mariner 7 was reprogrammed in flight to take further observations of areas of interest and actually returned more pictures than Mariner 6, despite the battery's failure.

There is, then ... one glory of ' Kubla Khan ' and another glory of ' The Ancient Mariner ,' as one star differeth from another star in glory.

In 1966, Virginia Radley considered Wordsworth and his sister as an important influence to Coleridge writing a great poem: " Almost daily social intercourse with this remarkable brother and sister seemed to provide the catalyst to greatness, for it is during this period that Coleridge conceived his greatest poems, ' Christabel ,' ' The Rime of the Ancient Mariner ,' and ' Kubla Khan ,' poems so distinctive and so different from his others that many generations of readers know Coleridge solely through them.

As the program progressed, the name was later changed to Voyager, as the probe designs began to differ greatly from previous Mariner missions.

After launch from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 12 the protective shroud covering Mariner 4 was jettisoned and the Agena D / Mariner 4 combination separated from the Atlas D booster at 14: 27: 23 UTC on November 28, 1964.

Mariner 4 separated from the Agena D at 15: 07: 09 and began cruise mode operations.

At 02: 19: 11 UT Mariner 4 passed behind Mars as seen from Earth and the radio signal ceased.

Image: Mars ( Mariner 4 ). jpg | The first close-up image ever taken of Mars, this photo shows an area about 330 km across by 1200 km from limb to bottom of frame.

Mariner 4 may have concluded the gradual change, in science fiction, from describing intelligent aliens as dwellers on other planets in our Solar System, to describing them as living on planets circling distant stars.

* Processed images and mosaics from the Mariner 4 mission to Mars

* November 5 – Mariner program: Mariner 3, a U. S. space probe intended for Mars, is launched from Cape Kennedy but fails.

** Mariner program: NASA launches the Mariner 4 space probe from Cape Kennedy toward Mars to take television pictures of that planet in July 1965.

** U. S. spacecraft Mariner 2 flies by Venus, becoming the first probe to successfully transmit data from another planet.

* July 14 – U. S. spacecraft Mariner 4 flies by Mars, becoming the first spacecraft to return images from the Red Planet.

Mariner 9 was launched toward Mars on May 30, 1971 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station and reached the planet on November 14 of the same year, becoming the first spacecraft to orbit another planet — only narrowly beating Soviet Mars 2 and Mars 3, which both arrived within a month.

Mariner 9 was designed to continue the atmospheric studies begun by Mariner 6 and 7, and to map over 70 % of the Martian surface from the lowest altitude ( and at the highest resolutions ( from 1 kilometer per pixel to 100 meters per pixel ) of any Mars mission up to that point.

Mariner 4 was designed to conduct closeup scientific observations of Mars and to transmit these observations to Earth.

Mariner 4 was the first space probe that needed a star for a navigational reference object, since earlier missions, which remained near either the Earth, the Moon, or the planet Venus, had sighted onto either the bright face of the home planet or the brightly lit target.

In total 201 photos were taken and transmitted back to Earth, adding more detail than the earlier mission, Mariner 4.

Mariner 3 ( together with Mariner 4 known as Mariner-Mars 1964 ) was one of two identical deep-space probes designed and built by Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ) for NASA's Mariner Mars 1964 Project that were intended to conduct close-up ( flyby ) scientific observations of the planet Mars and transmit information on interplanetary space and the space surrounding Mars, televised images of the Martian surface and occultation data of spacecraft radio signals as affected by the Martian atmosphere back to Earth.

Further communication attempts were tried, in a joint spacecraft solar wind / solar magnetic fields investigation with Mariner 4, back in communication with Earth after being out of telemetry for about a year or more around superior conjunction.

A launch vehicle failure prevented Mariner 8 from even achieving an Earth orbit and the spacecraft splashed into the Atlantic Ocean shortly after launch.

* 1960-1985: Van Allen, his colleagues, associates and students at The University of Iowa continued to fly scientific instruments on sounding rockets, Earth satellites ( Explorer 52 / Hawkeye 1 ), and interplanetary spacecraft including the first missions ( Pioneer program, Mariner program, Voyager program, Galileo spacecraft ) to the planets Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.

The Observer program, starting with the Mars Observer, was envisioned as a series of low-cost missions to the inner solar system, based on commercial Earth satellites, while the Mariner Mark II was to be a series of large spacecraft for the exploration of the outer solar system.