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Page "Neurophilosophy" ¶ 33
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Minsky and work
Minsky wrote the book Perceptrons ( with Seymour Papert ), which became the foundational work in the analysis of artificial neural networks.
Minsky says that the biggest source of ideas about the theory came from his work in trying to create a machine that uses a robotic arm, a video camera, and a computer to build with children's blocks.
In 1986, Minsky published The Society of Mind, a comprehensive book on the theory which, unlike most of his previously published work, was written for a general audience.
In November 2006, Minsky published The Emotion Machine, a book that critiques many popular theories of how human minds work and suggests alternative theories, often replacing simple ideas with more complex ones.
Minsky said that the biggest source of ideas about the theory came from his work in trying to create a machine that uses a robotic arm, a video camera, and a computer to build with children's blocks.
However, when introducing the concept of agencies ( a broad term that includes selves as one type of agency ), Minsky ( 1986 ) does suggest several important questions to ask about agencies: How do agents work?
A mother of two, Minsky published a reflection, " The Mother Load ," on balancing time between her work and family in Literary Mama.
Much of this work was done in collaboration with distinguished researchers at MIT such as Marvin Minsky and John McCarthy, who were regular BBN consultants during the early 1960s.

Minsky and artificial
Researchers such as Marvin Minsky would write computer programs in languages such as LISP to attempt to formally characterize the steps that human beings went through, for instance, in making decisions and solving problems, in the hope of better understanding human thought, and also in the hope of creating artificial minds.
Marvin Lee Minsky ( born August 9, 1927 ) is an American cognitive scientist in the field of artificial intelligence ( AI ), co-founder of Massachusetts Institute of Technology's AI laboratory, and author of several texts on AI and philosophy.
Similar in many ways to this is the idea of mind uploading, promoted by Marvin Minsky and others with a mechanistic view of natural intelligence and an optimistic outlook regarding artificial intelligence.
Marvin Minsky, one of the pioneering computer scientists in artificial intelligence, relates emotions to the broader issues of machine intelligence stating in The Emotion Machine that emotion is " not especially different from the processes that we call ' thinking.
Within the field of artificial intelligence, the Loebner Prize is somewhat controversial ; the most prominent critic, Marvin Minsky, has called it a publicity stunt that does not help the field along.
Within the field of artificial intelligence, the Loebner Prize is somewhat controversial ; the most prominent critic, Marvin Minsky, has called it a publicity stunt that does not help the field along.
Of note is the fact that AI pioneer Marvin Minsky was a consultant on the project of making HAL 9000 as realistic as possible according to the consensus predictions of the time ; Crevier quotes him as having said on the subject in 1967, " Within a generation ... the problem of creating ' artificial intelligence ' will substantially be solved ,", although Minsky states that he was misquoted.
Minsky ( 1986 ), cofounder of the artificial intelligence laboratory at MIT, proposes that there are agencies of the mind, by which he means any and all psychological processes.
Organised by John McCarthy ( then at Dartmouth College ) and formally proposed by McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester and Claude Shannon, the proposal is credited with introducing the term ' artificial intelligence '.

Minsky and intelligence
In Artificial intelligence Marvin Minsky, Herbert A. Simon, Allen Newell, and Kevin Warwick are prominent.
The Society of Mind is both the title of a 1988 book and the name of a theory of natural intelligence as written and developed by Marvin Minsky.
In a step-by-step process, Minsky constructs a model of human intelligence which is built up from the interactions of simple parts called agents, which are themselves mindless.
In 1952 he met Marvin Minsky, John McCarthy and others interested in machine intelligence.
Artificial intelligence researcher Marvin Minsky sees the argument as circular.

Minsky and Newell
In its early history, the organization was presided over by notable figures in computer science such as Allen Newell, Edward Feigenbaum, Marvin Minsky and John McCarthy.
Previous recipients of the latter award include Alan Bundy, John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Allen Newell, Ray Reiter, and Judea Pearl.

Minsky and computer
* 1927 – Marvin Minsky, American computer scientist
Part fiction, part non-fiction, he interviews 20 big thinkers like Marvin Minsky, plus there is a B-line narrative story that illustrates some of the ideas, where a computer avatar ( Ramona ) saves the world from self-replicating microscopic robots.
* mathematician and computer scientist Marvin Minsky
* August 9 – Marvin Minsky, American computer scientist, Turing Award winner ( Artificial Intelligence )
Eminent computer scientists and neuroscientists have predicted that computers will be capable of thought and even attain consciousness, including Koch and Tononi, Douglas Hofstadter, Jeff Hawkins, Marvin Minsky, Randal A. Koene, and Rodolfo Llinas.
A number of well-known computer luminaries have worked at BBN, including John Seely Brown, Jerry Burchfiel, Richard Burton, Allan Collins, William Crowther, John Curran, Wally Feurzeig, Ed Fredkin, Bob Kahn, J. C. R. Licklider, John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Dan Murphy, Severo Ornstein, Seymour Papert, Oliver Selfridge, Bob Thomas, Ray Tomlinson, and Peiter " Mudge " Zatko.
Current members of Alcor include nanotechnology pioneer Eric Drexler, Internet pioneer Ralph Merkle, engineer Keith Henson and his family, MIT professor Marvin Minsky, aging researcher Aubrey de Grey, mathematician Edward O. Thorp, computer security CEO Kenneth Weiss, casino owner Don Laughlin, inventor Ray Kurzweil, film director Charles Matthau, futurists Max More and Natasha Vita-More, entrepreneurs Saul Kent, Luke Nosek, Magali & Stephan Beauregard and Future Electronics founder Robert Miller.
At NMSU, Lanier met Marvin Minsky and Clyde Tombaugh, and took graduate-level courses ; he received a grant from the National Science Foundation to study mathematical notation, which led him to learn computer programming.
An " AI Group " including Marvin Minsky ( the director ), John McCarthy ( who invented Lisp ) and a talented community of computer programmers was incorporated into the newly-formed Project MAC.
The early Project MAC community included Fano, Minsky, Licklider, Fernando J. Corbató, and a community of computer programmers and enthusiasts among others who drew their inspiration from former colleague John McCarthy.
The concept originated in a conversation on a computer net in the 1980s when scientists Marvin Minsky of MIT, John McCarthy, and Hans Moravec of Stanford, speculated about variations on the skyhook concept with Roderick Hyde and Lowell Wood, scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

Minsky and information
# Most theories assume that an architecture is fixed and only the information stored in various subsystems can change over time ( e. g. Langley et al., below ), whereas others allow architectures to grow, e. g. by acquiring new subsystems or new links between subsystems ( e. g. Minsky and Sloman, below ).

Minsky and theory
In the early 1970s at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab, Minsky and Seymour Papert started developing what came to be called The Society of Mind theory.
In the field of finance, Hyman Minsky put forward a theory of financial crisis based on financial fragility, which has recently received renewed attention.
Minsky first started developing the theory with Seymour Papert in the early 1970s.
Hyman Minsky offered a related theory, ( the financial instability hypothesis ), where financial regulations, practices and norms naturally relax as a boom goes on, due to general exuberance, regulatory capture, or intellectual decline among the regulators and other actors in the system.
There is also a Post Keynesian economics debt-crisis theory of Hyman Minsky.
At the same time the theory of the perceptron was advanced by Marvin Minsky and Seymour Papert at MIT.

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