Modern English, which almost entirely lacks declension in its nouns, does not have an explicitly marked accusative case even in the pronouns.

It is written in English, very similar to the Early Modern English linguistic style of the King James Version of the Bible, and has since been fully or partially translated into 108 languages.

Translations into the vernacular were done by famous notables, including King Alfred ( Old English ), Jean de Meun ( Old French ), Geoffrey Chaucer ( Middle English ), Queen Elizabeth I ( Early Modern English ), and Notker Labeo ( Old High German ).

Another result of the English influence on Chinese is the appearance in Modern Chinese texts of so-called 字母词 zìmǔcí ( lit.

Examples of cognates in Indo-European languages are the words night ( English ), nuit ( French ), Nacht ( German ), nacht ( Dutch ), nag ( Afrikaans ), nicht ( Scots ), natt ( Swedish, Norwegian ), nat ( Danish ), nátt ( Faroese ), nótt ( Icelandic ), noc ( Czech, Slovak, Polish ), ночь, noch ( Russian ), ноќ, noć ( Macedonian ), нощ, nosht ( Bulgarian ), ніч, nich ( Ukrainian ), ноч, noch / noč ( Belarusian ), noč ( Slovene ), noć ( Serbo-Croatian ), νύξ, nyx ( Ancient Greek, νύχτα / nyhta in Modern Greek ), nox ( Latin ), nakt-( Sanskrit ), natë ( Albanian ), noche ( Spanish ), nos ( Welsh ), nueche ( Asturian ), noite ( Portuguese and Galician ), notte ( Italian ), nit ( Catalan ), noapte ( Romanian ), nakts ( Latvian ) and naktis ( Lithuanian ), all meaning " night " and derived from the Proto-Indo-European ( PIE ), " night ".

Another Indo-European example is star ( English ), str-( Sanskrit ), tara ( Hindi-Urdu ), étoile ( French ), ἀστήρ ( astēr ) ( Greek or ἀστέρι / ἄστρο, asteri / astro in Modern Greek ), stella ( Italian ), aster ( Latin ) stea ( Romanian and Venetian ), stairno ( Gothic ), astl ( Armenian ), Stern ( German ), ster ( Dutch and Afrikaans ), starn ( Scots ), stjerne ( Norwegian and Danish ), stjarna ( Icelandic ), stjärna ( Swedish ), stjørna ( Faroese ), setāre ( Persian ), stoorei ( Pashto ), seren ( Welsh ), steren ( Cornish ), estel ( Catalan ), estrella Spanish, estrella Asturian and Leonese, estrela ( Portuguese and Galician ) and estêre or stêrk ( Kurdish ), from the PIE, " star ".

According to Partridge ( 1972: 12 ), it dates from around 1840 and arose in the East End of London, however John Camden Hotten in his 1859 Dictionary of Modern Slang, Cant and Vulgar Words states that ( English ) rhyming slang originated " about twelve or fifteen years ago " ( i. e. in the 1840s ) with ' chaunters ' and ' patterers ' in the Seven Dials area of London.

The language of Don Quixote, although still containing archaisms, is far more understandable to modern Spanish readers than is, for instance, the completely medieval Spanish of the Poema de mio Cid, a kind of Spanish that is as different from Cervantes's language as Middle English is from Modern English.

This conflation of case in Middle and Modern English has led most modern grammarians to discard the " accusative " and " dative " labels as obsolete, often using the term " objective " for oblique.

In Modern English, an indirect object is often expressed with a prepositional phrase of " to " or " for ".

Old English was a highly inflected language, as befits its Indo-European and especially its Germanic linguistic ancestry, but its declensions greatly simplified as it evolved into Modern English.

In Modern English, nouns have distinct singular and plural forms ; that is, they decline to reflect their grammatical number.

Gender is at best only weakly grammaticalized in Modern English.

Adjectives are not declined for case in Modern English, though they were in Old English.

The article is never regarded as declined in Modern English, although technically the words this and that, and their plural forms these and those, are modern forms of the as it was declined in Old English.

* English in the British Isles until its consolidation as a national language in the Renaissance and the rise of Modern English ; subsequently internationally under the various states in or formerly in the British Empire ; globally since the victories of the predominantly English speaking countries ( United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and others ) and their allies in the two world wars ending in 1918 ( World War I ) and 1945 ( WW II ) and the subsequent rise of the United States as a superpower and major cultural influence.

Modern arable agriculture typically uses large field ( agriculture ) | fields like this one in Dorset, England, United Kingdom

* Modern Christians typically believe it is acceptable to play instruments or to attend weddings, funerals, banquets, etc., where instruments are heard.

Modern CPUs are typically 2-operand or 3-operand machines — the additional operands specify which one of many general purpose registers ( also called " general purpose accumulators ") are used as the source and destination for calculations.

Modern CPUs are large scale integrated circuits in packages typically less than four centimeters square, with hundreds of connecting pins.

Modern clutches typically use a compound organic resin with copper wire facing or a ceramic material.

Modern versions typically retain Camelot's lack of precise location and its status as a symbol of the Arthurian world, though they typically transform the castle itself into romantically lavish visions of a High Middle Ages palace.

Modern, more rigorous reformulations of the system typically aim for a cleaner separation of these issues.

Modern electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web at least at one point in the transaction's life-cycle, although it may encompass a wider range of technologies such as e-mail, mobile devices and telephones as well.

Modern borrowings ( from the 20th century on ), especially from French and English, are typically not inflected.

Modern bullion coins for investment or collector purposes do not require good mechanical wear properties ; they are typically fine gold at 24k, although the American Gold Eagle and the British gold sovereign continue to be minted in 22k metal in historical tradition.

All varieties, from Biblical to Modern, use a typically Semitic templatic morphology with triconsonantal stems, though Mishnaic and Modern Hebrew have significant borrowed components of the lexicon that do not fit into this pattern.

Modern ICBMs typically carry multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles ( MIRVs ), each of which carries a separate nuclear warhead, allowing a single missile to hit multiple targets.

Modern knighthoods are typically awarded in recognition for services rendered to society: services which are not necessarily martial in nature.

Modern high-temperature, high-air-velocity conventional kilns can typically dry green lumber in 10 hours down to a moisture content of 18 %.

Modern tools perform forms of analysis that many optimizing compilers typically don't do, such as cross-module consistency checking, checking that the code will be portable to other compilers, and supporting annotations that specify intended behavior or properties of code.

* Modern digital GIS maps such as ArcMap typically project north at the top of the map, but use math degrees ( 0 is east, degrees increase counter-clockwise ), rather than compass degrees ( 0 is north, degrees increase clockwise ) for orientation of transects.

Modern mainframe design is generally less defined by single-task computational speed ( typically defined as MIPS rate or FLOPS in the case of floating point calculations ), and more by:

Modern beer mashing practices typically include high enough temperatures at mash-out to deactivate remaining enzymes, thus it is no longer diastatic.

Modern NDAs will typically include a laundry list of types of items which are covered, including unpublished patent applications, know-how, schema, financial information, verbal representations, customer lists, vendor lists, business practices / strategies, etc.

Modern Orthodoxy, in general, places a high national, as well as religious, significance on the State of Israel, and Modern Orthodox institutions and individuals are, typically, Zionist in orientation.

) Modern ammunition has a hardened lead core with a softer outer cladding or jacket, typically of an alloy of copper and nickel-cupro-nickel.

Modern psychology has shown that paralleling `` the authoritarian personality '' is `` the bigoted personality '' in which insecurity, inferiority, suspicion, and distrust combine to provide a target for antagonism so indispensable that it will be manufactured if it does not exist naturally.

Modern genetics has made clear that the lack of use does not, in itself, necessitate a feature's disappearance.

Modern history writing requires the critical evaluation of sources, and does not accept God as a cause of events.

Modern experience does not always confirm this, and, though showing a preference for the coast, they have long been grown further inland in some areas with suitable climates, particularly in the southwestern Mediterranean ( Iberia, northwest Africa ) where winters are mild.

Modern software does a good job of optimizing the screen display for a particular type of output.

Modern taxonomy does not study criteria such as " higher " and " lower " states of development or distinctions between " main " and " side " branches — only family relationships indicated by cladistic methods are considered relevant.

Modern physics indicates that the choice of phrasing about lifting stones should relate to acceleration ; however, this does not in itself of course invalidate the fundamental concept of the generalized omnipotence paradox.

Modern courts use a more sophisticated market definition that does not permit as manipulative a definition.

The law does allow a person to retain a patronymic as a middle name in addition to the surname, as was common in Early Modern times ; this is not a common practice, but does occur, a modern example being Audhild Gregoriusdotter Rotevatn ).

Though the more mainstream body of Modern Orthodox Judaism, such as the Rabbinical Council of America, does not recognize ordination from UTJ.

Modern warfare, however, does still see the use of the bayonet for close-quarter fighting.

Modern Chinese differs from ancient scriptio continua in that it does at least use punctuation, although this was borrowed from the West only about a century ago.

Modern web-based editing systems can take video directly from a camera phone over a GPRS or 3G mobile connection, and editing can take place through a web browser interface, so, strictly speaking, a computer for video editing does not require any installed hardware or software beyond a web browser and an internet connection.

Modern logic made it possible to articulate these points coherently as intended, and many philosophers hold that the word " nothing " does not function as a noun, as there is no object to which it refers.

Modern English does not have a T – V pronoun distinction.

Modern New Keynesian models address this issue by assuming that the labor market is segmented, so that the expansion in employment by a given firm does not lead to lower profits for the other firms ( see Woodford 2003 ).

As detailed by Hlavsa's Faulkner and the Thoroughly Modern Novel ( Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1991 ), Light in August has 21 chapters, as does the Gospel of St. John.

David V. Barrett, author of Secret Societies: From the Ancient and Arcane to the Modern and Clandestine, uses slightly different terms to define what does and does not qualify as a secret society.

Modern disk storage does not need interleaving since the buffer space is now so much larger.

Modern mainstream economics points to cases where equilibrium does not correspond to market clearing ( but instead to unemployment ), as with the efficiency wage hypothesis in labor economics.

Usually Modern Chinese poetry does not follow prescribed patterns.