Removal of teeth, mainly incisors, is or was practiced by some cultures for ritual purposes ( for instance in the Iberomaurusian culture of Neolithic North Africa ).

Together they illustrate every aspect of the cultures of the Nile Valley ( including Nubia ), from the Predynastic Neolithic period ( c. 10, 000 BC ) through to the Coptic ( Christian ) times ( 12th century AD ), a time-span over 11, 000 years.

Remnants of several Neolithic and Chalcolithic cultures were found in all regions of the country.

* List of Neolithic cultures of China

These extended southwards along the Red Sea coast and penetrating the Arabian bifacial cultures, which became progressively more Neolithic and pastoral, and extending north and eastwards, to lay the foundations for the tent-dwelling Martu and Akkadian peoples of Mesopotamia.

Neolithic Europe lasted for 4000 years, overlapping with metal-using cultures that gradually spread throughout the continent.

Furthermore, archeological evidence in places like Los Millares and El Argar, both in the province of Almería, suggests developed cultures existed in the eastern part of the Iberian Peninsula during the late Neolithic and the Bronze Age.

The Chalcolithic period began about 4500 BCE, then the Bronze Age began about 3500 BCE, replacing the Neolithic cultures.

Around 5 thousand years ago in the process of Neolithic Revolution appeared animal husbandry and agriculture, which formed the Atbasar, Kelteminar, Botai, Mokanjar, Ust-Narym, and other archeological cultures.

Ground-breaking discoveries concerning the Neolithic cultures of the Levant were made in this ancient settlement.

During prehistoric times there was a succession of cultures that flourished in the land of present-day Moldova from the end of the Ice age up through the Neolithic Age, the Copper Age, the Bronze Age, and the beginning of the Iron Age, when historical records begin to be made about the people who lived in these lands.

The Mesolithic ( Greek: mesos " middle ", lithos " stone ") is an archaeological concept used to refer to specific groups of archaeological cultures defined as falling between the Paleolithic and the Neolithic.

In North-Eastern Europe, Siberia and certain southern European and North African sites, a " ceramic Mesolithic " can be distinguished between 7000-3850 BCE, Russian archaeologists prefer to describe such pottery-making cultures as Neolithic, even though farming is absent.

This pottery-making Mesolithic culture can be found peripheral to the sedentary Neolithic cultures.

In other parts of the world, such as Africa, South Asia and Southeast Asia, independent domestication events led to their own regionally-distinctive Neolithic cultures that arose completely independent of those in Europe and Southwest Asia.

In the Middle East, cultures identified as Neolithic began appearing by in the 10th millennium BC.

The Chalcolithic period began about 4500 BC, then the Bronze Age began about 3500 BC, replacing the Neolithic cultures.

Around 10200 BC, the first fully developed Neolithic cultures belonging to the phase Pre-Pottery Neolithic A ( PPNA ) appeared in the fertile crescent.

Evidence of trepanation, the surgical practice of either drilling or scraping a hole into the skull with the purpose of curing headaches or mental disorders or relieving cranial pressure, being performed on patients dates back to Neolithic times and has been found in various cultures throughout the world.

During the Neolithic era, the territory of modern-day Austria was home to the Linear pottery culture, one of the first agrarian cultures in Europe.

In 1965 he completed his PhD thesis " Neolithic and Bronze Age cultures of the Cyclades and their external relations " and in the same year married Jane M. Ewbank.

In the last part of the Neolithic, evidence is found for the Corded Ware and Bell Beaker cultures in the south of the Netherlands, but these cultures also do not seem to have had a big impact in all of Belgium.

Of particular interest and national importance are the Neolithic flint mines at Arnhofen, where, around 7, 000 years ago, Stone Age people made flint, which was fashioned into drills, blades and arrowheads, and was regarded as the steel of the Stone Age.

During the early Neolithic ( 4000-3300 BC ) architectural forms are highly regionalised with timber and earth monuments predominating in the east and stone chambered cairns in the west.

Hunebedden are chamber tombs similar to dolmens and date to the middle Neolithic ( Funnelbeaker culture, 4th millennium BC ).

Amongst the vast Neolithic collections of the Carnac stones in Brittany, France, several dozen dolmens are found.

If subdivision is necessary, periods of human technological development, such as the Mesolithic, Neolithic, and Bronze Age, are usually used.

Both are followed by the aceramic Neolithic ( Pre-Pottery Neolithic A and Pre-Pottery Neolithic B ) and the pottery Neolithic.

There are many examples of structures from the Neolithic period, the finest example being the standing stones at Callanish, dating to the 3rd millennium BC.

They are concentrated in Arran, Bute and Kintyre and it is likely that the Clyde cairns were the earliest forms of Neolithic monument constructed by incoming settlers although few of the 100 or so examples have been given a radiocarbon dating.

The mines at Grimes Graves are especially famous, and like most other flint mines, are Neolithic in origin ( ca 4000 BC-ca 3000 BC ).

" The Mesolithic and Neolithic are not recognized.

These so-called Mesolithic sites of Asia are far less numerous than those of the Neolithic and the archeological remains are very poor.

Laminar microliths are associated with the end of the Upper Paleolithic and the beginning of the Epipaleolithic era ; geometric microliths are characteristic of the Mesolithic and the Neolithic.

Laminar microliths date from at least the Gravettian culture or possibly the start of the Upper Paleolithic era, and they are found all through the Mesolithic and Neolithic eras.

Raclettes are indefinite cultural indicators, as they appear from the Upper Paleolithic through to the Neolithic.

While geometric microliths first make their appearance in the Magdalenian, initially as elongated triangles and later as trapezoids ( although the microburin technique is seen from the Perigordian ), they are mostly seen during the Epipaleolithic and the Neolithic.

Despite the great number of geometric microliths that have been found in Western Europe, few examples show any clear evidence of their use, and all the examples are from the Mesolithic or Neolithic periods.

Neolithic stone implements are by definition polished and, except for specialty items, not chipped.

are considered the beginning of the Neolithic 1 ( PPNA ).

Eastern Anatolia, along side Mesopotamia and the Levant, is also a heart region for the Neolithic revolution, one of the earliest areas in which humans domesticated plants and animals.

Native copper, however, was found worldwide, along with silver, gold and platinum, which were also used to make tools, jewelry, and other objects since Neolithic times.

Çatalhöyük (; also Çatal Höyük and Çatal Hüyük, or any of the three without diacritics ; çatal is Turkish for " fork ", höyük for " mound ") was a very large Neolithic and Chalcolithic settlement in southern Anatolia, which existed from approximately 7500 BC to 5700 BC.

Such conditions also delayed the coming of the Neolithic until as late as 5000-4000 BC in northern Europe.

Microliths were also used from the Neolithic on arrows, although a decline in this use coincided with the appearance of bifacial or " leafed " arrowheads that became widespread in the Calcolithic period, or Copper Age ( that is, stone arrowheads were increasingly made by a different technique during this later period ).

At least seventeen finds of Papaver somniferum from Neolithic settlements have been reported throughout Switzerland, Germany, and Spain, including the placement of large numbers of poppy seed capsules at a burial site ( the Cueva de los Murciélagos, or " Bat cave ," in Spain ), which have been carbon-14 dated to 4200 BCE Numerous finds of Papaver somniferum or Papaver setigerum from Bronze Age and Iron Age settlements have also been reported.

The transition to the Neolithic era in Central Europe featured the development of agriculture and the clearing of pastures, the first smelting of metals at the local level, the " Retz " style pottery and also fluted pottery.

Pottery shards found at the important site of Jarlshof also indicate that there was Neolithic activity there although the main settlement dates from the Bronze Age.

During this entire time stone remained in use in parallel with the metals for some objects, including those also used in the Neolithic, such as stone pottery.

Millets also formed important parts of the prehistoric diet in Indian, Chinese Neolithic and Korean Mumun societies.

Archaeological finds of pigeon pea include those from two Neolithic sites in Orissa, Gopalpur and Golbai Sassan dating between 3, 400 and 3, 000 years ago, and sites in South India, Sanganakallu and Tuljapur Garhi, also dating back to 3, 400 years ago.

Swastikas have also been found on pottery in archaeological digs in Africa, in the area of Kush and on pottery at the Jebel Barkal temples, in Iron Age designs of the northern Caucasus ( Koban culture ), and in Neolithic China in the Majiabang, Dawenkou and Xiaoheyan cultures.

The Early Harappan, Mature Harappan, and Late Harappan phases are also called the Regionalisation, Integration, and Localisation eras, respectively, with the Regionalization era reaching back to the Neolithic Mehrgarh II period.

The stone dresser was regarded as the most important as it symbolically faces the entrance in each house and is therefore the first item seen when entering, perhaps displaying symbolic objects, including decorative artwork such as several Neolithic Carved Stone Balls also found at the site.

The museum exhibits include tapestries from the sixteenth century given by Robert de Lenoncourt ( who died in 1532 ), marble capitals from the fourth century AD, furniture, jewellery, pottery, weapons and glasswork from the 6th to 8th century, medieval sculpture, the façade of the 13th-century Musicians ' House, remnants from an earlier abbey building, and also exhibits of Gallo-Roman arts and crafts and a room of pottery, jewellery, and weapons from Gallic civilization, as well as an exhibit of items from the Palaeolithic to the Neolithic periods.

Nearby Neolithic standing stones and circles also exist, dating from about 4000 BC, following the introduction of farming in the area.

Archaeologists have also been able to prove the existence of over forty lake-shore settlements ( pile dwellings ), on the shores of Lake Zug, from the epoch of the first settled farmers in the Neolithic period ( 5, 500-2, 200 BC ).

The name Ukon vaaja was also used of Neolithic stone tools, which were often taken into use as magical objects for use in ritual upon discovery.

Gimbutas did identify the diverse and complex Paleolithic and Neolithic female representations she recognized as depicting a single universal Great Goddess, but also as manifesting a range of female deities: snake goddess, bee goddess, bird goddess, mountain goddess, Mistress of the Animals, etc., which were not necessarily ubiquitous throughout Europe.

Childe is also remembered for his emphasis on revolutionary developments on human society, such as the Neolithic Revolution and the Urban Revolution, in this manner being influenced by Marxist ideas of societal development.

In the Late or Final Neolithic ( two different but overlapping classification systems ), 4000 – 3000, population increased dramatically, suggesting an immigration ( which was Arthur Evans ' view also ).

In her book, Language of the Goddess, she also identifies the prototype of the Gorgoneion in Neolithic art motifs, especially in anthropomorphic vases and terracotta masks inlaid with gold.

There is also archeological evidence of date cultivation in Mehrgarh around 7000 BCE, a Neolithic civilization in western Pakistan.