Neurogenic stuttering is a type of fluency disorder in which a person has difficulty in producing speech in a normal, smooth fashion.

Neurogenic shock can result from severe central nervous system damage ( brain injury, cervical or high thoracic spinal cord ).

* Neurogenic disorders ( spinal cord and brain injuries, nerve disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and stroke )

* Neurogenic bladder ( commonly pelvic splanchic nerve damage, cauda equina syndrome, descending cortical fibers lesion, pontine micturation or storage center lesions, demyelinating diseases or Parkinson's disease )

Neurogenic diabetes insipidus, more commonly known as central diabetes insipidus, is due to a lack of vasopressin production in the brain.

Neurogenic claudication is thought to result from central canal narrowing that is exacerbated by the listhesis ( forward slip ).

Neurogenic communication disorder-inability to exchange information with others because of hearing, speech, and / or language problems caused by impairment of the nervous system ( brain or nerves ).

Neurogenic and hypovolaemic shock can also cause fainting.

Neurogenic itch, which is itch induced centrally but with no neural damage, is mostly associated with increased accumulation of exogenous opioids and possibly synthetic opioids.

* Neurogenic TOS includes disorders produced by compression of components of the brachial plexus nerves.

* Neurogenic bladder ( e. g., associated with spina bifida )

Neurogenic shock is a distributive type of shock resulting in hypotension, occasionally with bradycardia, that is attributed to the disruption of the autonomic pathways within the spinal cord.

Neurogenic shock can be a potentially devastating complication, leading to organ dysfunction and death if not promptly recognized and treated.

Neurogenic hypertension in the rat.

Neurogenic mechanisms in hypertension: resetting of the baroreceptors-State of the Art Lecture.

The very ending of the episode, where the iris appears, is an allusion to the Looney Tunes cartoons, with Cartman assuming the role of the stuttering Porky Pig, delivering his signature line " That's all folks !".

Subjects were sweating, trembling, stuttering, biting their lips, groaning, digging their fingernails into their skin, and some were even having nervous laughing fits or seizures.

Research is complicated somewhat by the possibility that such differences could be the consequences of stuttering rather than a cause, but recent research on older children confirm structural differences thereby giving strength to the argument that at least some of the differences are not a consequence of stuttering.

Studies of these techniques have had mixed results, with some stutterers showing substantial reductions in stuttering, while others improved only slightly or not at all.

The footage shocked some viewers who expected rock songs, with Jonny Greenwood playing electronic instruments, the in-house brass band improvising over " The National Anthem ", and Yorke dancing spasmodically and stuttering in " Idioteque ".

He had some peculiar mannerisms of speech, in the form of slight stuttering and drawn-out vowels for emphasis.

" He is also known for stuttering some of his words as he does in their cover " I Will Survive " off " Fashion Nugget ".

In rare cases, stuttering may be acquired in adulthood as the result of a neurological event such as a head injury, tumour, stroke or drug use.

Palilalia is often grouped with other complex tic disorders, like echolalia and coprolalia and may sound like stuttering ; all can be symptoms of Tourette syndrome, Parkinson's disease, obsessive – compulsive disorder, or autism.

Mantenna is a nervous stuttering imbecile mainly used for comic relief.

Branagh, whether by his choice or his director's, plays Lee like a Woody impressionist, down to the nervous gestures and the stuttering whine.

He is a very shy and nervous boy and is always stuttering, but he is a loyal and capable squire.

In " Tango Charlie " she has shed the device, undergone surgery to restore her nervous system, and uses her money and influence to help Anna Louise Bach with her stuttering career and her current case.

As the boy started reciting his work, nervous to the point of stuttering, the famous novelist listened rather impatiently, then said: " Poor, very poor.

Acute nervousness and stress can trigger stuttering in persons predisposed to it, and living with a highly stigmatized disability can result in anxiety and high allostatic stress load ( i. e., chronic nervousness and stress ) that reduce the amount of acute stress necessary to trigger stuttering in any given person who stutters, exacerbating the problem in the manner of a positive feedback system ; the name ' Stuttered Speech Syndrome ' has been proposed for this condition.

In stuttering, the severity of the disorder is seen as likely to increase when demands placed on the person's speech and language system is exceeded by their capacity to deal with these pressures.

By improving stress-management, the technique can be an adjunct to psychotherapy for people with disabilities, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, panic attacks, stuttering, and chronic pain.

This word derives from the Greek Βάρβαρος-ου, which means stuttering.

CBT has been studied as an aid in the treatment of anxiety associated with stuttering.

Initial studies have shown CBT to be effective in reducing social anxiety in adults who stutter, but not in reducing stuttering frequency.

In season ten, for the first time in public Clark begins to formulate a bumbling / stuttering Kent with glasses akin to the Christoper Reeve / Brandon Routh portrayal of the character.

Experience of speech acquisition delays and speech and language problems can be due to problems processing and decoding auditory input prior to reproducing their own version of speech, and may be observed as stuttering, cluttering or hesitant speech.

However, when a string of letters is done with the same hand, the chances of stuttering are increased and a rhythm can be broken, thus decreasing speed and increasing errors and fatigue.

However, if the reception is poor, one may encounter various other artifacts such as blockiness and stuttering.

The term stuttering is most commonly associated with involuntary sound repetition, but it also encompasses the abnormal hesitation or pausing before speech, referred to by stutterers as blocks, and the prolongation of certain sounds, usually vowels and semivowels.

The term " stuttering ", as popularly used, covers a wide spectrum of severity: it may encompass individuals with barely perceptible impediments, for whom the disorder is largely cosmetic, as well as others with extremely severe symptoms, for whom the problem can effectively prevent most oral communication.

The impact of stuttering on a person's functioning and emotional state can be severe.

This may include fears of having to enunciate specific vowels or consonants, fears of being caught stuttering in social situations, self-imposed isolation, anxiety, stress, shame, or a feeling of " loss of control " during speech.

Despite popular perceptions to the contrary, stuttering is not reflective of intelligence.

Neither acute nor chronic stress, however, itself creates any predisposition to stuttering.

The disorder is also variable, which means that in certain situations, such as talking on the telephone, the stuttering might be more severe or less, depending on the anxiety level connected with that activity.

Although the exact etiology or cause of stuttering is unknown, both genetics and neurophysiology are thought to contribute.

Developmental stuttering is stuttering that originates when a child is learning to speak and develops as the child matures into adulthood.

Other disorders with symptoms resembling stuttering are Asperger's syndrome, cluttering, Parkinson's speech, essential tremor, palilalia, spasmodic dysphonia, selective mutism and social anxiety.

Primary stuttering behaviors are the overt, observable signs of speech fluency breakdown, including repeating sounds, syllables, words or phrases, silent blocks and prolongation of sounds.