Anaïs Nin (; born Angela Anaïs Juana Antolina Rosa Edelmira Nin y Culmell, February 21, 1903 – January 14, 1977 ) was a French-Cuban author, based at first in France and later in the United States, who published her journals, which span more than 60 years, beginning when she was 11 years old and ending shortly before her death, her erotic literature, and short stories.

Anaïs Nin was born in Neuilly, France, to artistic parents.

Her father, Joaquín Nin, was a Cuban pianist and composer, when he met her mother Rosa Culmell, who was a classically trained singer in Cuba of French and Danish descent.

Nin was raised a Roman Catholic and spent her childhood and early life in Europe.

Nin left Paris in the late summer of 1939, when residents from overseas were urged to leave France due to the upcoming war and returned to New York City with Guiler ( who was, on his own wish, all but edited out of her diaries published in her lifetime and whose role in her life is therefore difficult to gauge ).

Guiler remained in New York City and was unaware of Nin's second marriage until after her death in 1977, though biographer Deirdre Bair alleges that Guiler knew what was happening while Nin was in California, but consciously " chose not to know ".

Though the marriage was annulled, Nin and Pole continued to live together as if they were married, up until her death in 1977.

Nin was acquainted, often quite intimately, with a number of prominent authors, artists, psychoanalysts, and other figures, and wrote of them often, especially Otto Rank.

They rented the apartment of an American man who was away for the summer, and Nin came across a number of French paperbacks: " One by one, I read these books, which were completely new to me.

That was the end of the long running dispute between the Split and Nin Bishoprics.

In June, 1937 Andrés Nin, the secretary of the anti-Stalinist Marxist POUM, was tortured and killed in an NKVD prison.

This position was contested by Andrés Nin and some other members of the League who did not support the call for a new International.

Nin was transformed by her therapy with Rank.

* 1168 ( Nin ' an 3, 19th day of the 2nd month ): In the 3rd year of Rokujō-tennō's reign ( 六条天皇3年 ), the emperor was deposed by his grandfather, and the succession (‘‘ senso ’’) was received by his cousin, the third son of the retired-Emperor Go-Shirakawa.

* 1168 ( Nin ' an 3, 19th day of the 2nd month ): In the 3rd year of Rokujō-tennō's reign ( 六条天皇3年 ), the emperor was deposed by his grandfather, and the succession (‘‘ senso ’’) was received by his cousin, the third son of the retired-Emperor Go-Shirakawa.

Ninurta ( Nin Ur: God of War ) in Sumerian and Akkadian mythology was the god of Lagash, identified with Ningirsu with whom he may always have been identical.

Caesar was supported by the urban Liburnian centres, like Iader ( Zadar ), Aenona ( Nin ) and Curicum ( Krk ), while the city of Issa ( Vis ) and the rest of the Liburnians gave their support to Pompey.

Nin was tortured ( flayed ) and murdered, under the supervision of the NKVD.

Despite the attempts of her mother, therapists Rene Allendy and Otto Rank, and writer Henry Miller, to break Anaïs Nin of her dependence on the diary, she would continue to keep a diary up until her death in 1977.

Nin appeared in the Kenneth Anger film Inauguration of the Pleasure Dome ( 1954 ) as Astarte ; in the Maya Deren film Ritual in Transfigured Time ( 1946 ); and in Bells of Atlantis ( 1952 ), a film directed by Guiler under the name " Ian Hugo " with a soundtrack of electronic music by Louis and Bebe Barron.

Nin is hailed by many critics as one of the finest writers of female erotica.

Portrait of Anaïs Nin in the 1970s by Elsa Dorfman

Ningizzida has been popularised in the 20th C. by Raku Kei Reiki ( a. k. a. " The Way of the Fire Dragon ") where " Nin Giz Zida " is believed to be a fire serpent of Tibetan rather than Sumerian origin.

* Andreu Nin, one of the founders of the Workers ' Party of Marxist Unification ( POUM ), the party mocked by Karkov in Chapter 18.

Other names borne by this goddess are Nin-Karrak, Nin Ezen, Ga-tum-dug and Nm-din-dug, the latter signifying " the lady who restores to life ", or the Goddess of Healing.

Madonna used a shofar played by Yitzhak Sinwani on the Confessions Tour and the album Confessions on a Dance Floor for the song Isaac, based on Im Nin ' alu.

In 1935, POUM was formed as a communist opposition to Stalinism by the revolutionaries Andreu Nin and Joaquín Maurín.

After the region of Catalonia saw its regional government reinstated by the Spanish Republic in the opening phase of the Spanish Civil War, Nin joined the devolved government, the Generalitat, headed by Lluís Companys, as Councillor of Justice.

Regardless, Nin's fate was kept secret by those involved, resulting in a clandestine POUM campaign asking Juan Negrín's new government: Gobierno Negrín: ¿ dónde está Nin?

As an answer, the propaganda launched by the PCE proclaimed: En Salamanca o en Berlín (" Either in Salamanca or Berlin in Nazi Germany "), elaborating the slander campaign alleging that Nin was a fascist.

Barnes has been cited as an influence by writers as diverse as Truman Capote, William Goyen, Karen Blixen, John Hawkes, Bertha Harris, and Anaïs Nin.

20th century erotic fiction includes such classics of the genre as: Suburban Souls ( 1901 ), published by Carrington and possibly written by him also ; The Confessions of Nemesis Hunt ( issued in three volumes 1902, 1903, 1906 ), probably by George Reginald Bacchus, printed by Duringe of Paris for Leonard Smithers in London ; Josephine Mutzenbacher ( 1906 ) by Felix Salten ; Sadopaideia ( 1907 ) by Anon ( possibly Algernon Charles Swinburne ); Les Mémoires d ' un jeune Don Juan ( 1907 ) and the somewhat disturbing Les onze mille verges ( 1907 ) by Guillaume Apollinaire ; The Way of a Man with a Maid ( 1908 ) and A Weekend Visit by Anon ; Pleasure Bound Afloat ( 1908 ), Pleasure Bound Ashore ( 1909 ) and Maudie ( 1909 ) by Anon ( probably George Reginald Bacchus ); Manuel de civilité pour les petites filles à l ' usage des maisons d ' éducation ( 1917 ) and Trois filles de leur mère ( 1926 ) by Pierre Louys ; Story of the Eye ( 1928 ) by Georges Bataille ; Tropic of Cancer ( 1934 ) and Tropic of Capricorn ( 1938 ) by Henry Miller ; The Story of O ( 1954 ) by Pauline Réage ; Helen and Desire ( 1954 ) and Thongs ( 1955 ) by Alexander Trocchi ; Ada, or Ardor ( 1969 ) by Vladimir Nabokov ; Journal ( 1966 ), Delta of Venus ( 1978 ) and Little Birds ( 1979 ) by Anaïs Nin and The Bicycle Rider ( 1985 ) by Guy Davenport.

Nin is interrogated under torture by NKVD agent Alexander Orlov. An explosion aboard the Republican battleship Jamie I at Cartagena causes about 300 deaths and the total loss of the ship. Bilbao shelled by 20, 000 shells.

Grigulevich worked under NKVD general Alexander Orlov, using the code names MAKS and FELIPE, and organized so-called " mobile groups " that killed, among other actual and suspected Trotskyists, POUM leader Andrés Nin.

; June 21: Soviet agents assassinate the POUM leader Nin.

Andreu Nin i Pérez (; February 4, 1892, El Vendrell, Tarragona – June 20, 1937, near Madrid ) was a Spanish Catalan Communist revolutionary.

Nin and most of the leadership of POUM were arrested and sent to a camp near Madrid.

Nin had a number of disagreements with Trotsky in this period, specifically when Trotsky advised the ICE leader that entry into the Socialist Youth of Spain would augment the forces at their disposal, while Nin advocated forming of a united party with the Workers and Peasants Bloc ( BOC ), a group coming out of the communist movement but seen as being on its right wing.

After her parents separated, her mother moved Anaïs and her two brothers, Thorvald Nin and Joaquin Nin-Culmell, to Barcelona, and then to New York City.

According to her diaries, Volume One, 1931 – 1934, Nin abandoned formal schooling at the age of sixteen years and later began working as an artist's model.

After being in America for several years, Nin had forgotten how to speak Spanish, but retained her French and became fluent in English.

On March 3, 1923, in Havana, Cuba, Nin married her first husband, Hugh Parker Guiler ( 1898 – 1985 ), a banker and artist, later known as " Ian Hugo " when he became a maker of experimental films in the late 1940s.

The couple moved to Paris the following year, where Guiler pursued his banking career and Nin began to pursue her interest in writing ; in her diaries she also mentions having trained as a flamenco dancer in Paris in the mid-to-late 1920s.

On her second visit to Rank, Nin reflects on her desire to be “ re-born ,” feelingly, as a woman and artist.

During the war, Nin sent her books to Frances Steloff of the Gotham Book Mart in New York for safekeeping.

According to her diaries, Vol. 1, 1931 – 1934, Nin shared a bohemian lifestyle with Henry Miller during her time in Paris.

In 1966, Nin had her marriage with Pole annulled, due to the legal issues arising from both Guiler and Pole having to claim her as a dependent on their federal tax returns.

Nin often cited authors Djuna Barnes and D. H. Lawrence as inspirations.

Nin once worked at Lawrence R. Maxwell Books located at 45 Christopher Street.

Anaïs Nin is perhaps best remembered as a diarist.

Previously unpublished works are coming to light in A Café in Space, the Anaïs Nin Literary Journal, which most recently includes " Anaïs Nin and Joaquín Nin y Castellanos: Prelude to a Symphony — Letters between a father and daughter.