The Bayeux Tapestry (,, Norman: La telle du conquest ) is an embroidered cloth — not an actual tapestry — nearly long, which depicts the events leading up to the Norman conquest of England concerning William, Duke of Normandy and Harold, Earl of Wessex, later King of England, and culminating in the Battle of Hastings.

Lower Normandy (, ; Norman: Basse-Normaundie ) is an administrative region of France.

Upper Normandy (, ; Norman: Ĥâote-Normaundie ) is one of the 27 regions of France.

The Normans, a Viking people who settled in Northern France and founded the Duchy of Normandy would have a significant impact on many parts of Europe, from the Norman conquest of England to Southern Italy and Sicily.

On 28 September 1066, William of Normandy invaded England with a force of Normans, in a campaign known as the Norman Conquest.

William and his nobles spoke and conducted court in Norman French, in England as well as in Normandy.

Upon Henry ’ s death, the Norman and English barons ignored Matilda ’ s claim to the throne, and thus through a series of decisions, Stephen, Henry ’ s favourite nephew, was welcomed by many in England and Normandy as their new ruler.

The most important of these conquests for French history was the Norman Conquest of England by William the Conqueror, following the Battle of Hastings and immortalised in the Bayeux Tapestry, because it linked England to France through Normandy.

For a century and a half following the Norman Conquest of England in 1066, Normandy and England were linked by Norman and Frankish rulers.

Rollo's descendant William, Duke of Normandy, became king of England in 1066 in the Norman Conquest culminating at the Battle of Hastings, while retaining the fiefdom of Normandy for himself and his descendants.

Caen, Cherbourg, Carentan, Falaise and other Norman towns endured many casualties in the Battle of Normandy, which continued until the closing of the so-called Falaise gap between Chambois and Montormel.

In 1066, he entertained an embassy from the illegitimate Duke of Normandy Guillaume II, Guillaume le Bâtard, ( after his successful invasion of England he came to be known as William the Conqueror ) which had been sent to obtain his blessing for the Norman conquest of England.

Matilda and Geoffrey suspected that they lacked genuine support in England, and proposed to Henry in 1135 that the king should hand over the royal castles in Normandy to Matilda whilst he was still alive and insist on the Norman nobility swearing immediate allegiance to her, thereby giving the couple a much more powerful position after Henry's death.

William was a Norman French-speaking fifth-generation descendant of the Viking war-leader Rollo, the first Scandinavian ruler of Normandy ; but Norman historians since Dudo of St. Quentin still celebrated the old Norse heritage of the ducal dynasty.

After a long struggle to establish his power, by 1060 his hold on Normandy was secure, and he launched the Norman conquest of England in 1066.

To deal with Norman affairs, William put the government of Normandy into the hands of his wife for the duration of the invasion.

Once in Normandy the new English king went to Rouen and the Abbey of Fecamp, and then attended the consecration of new churches at two Norman monasteries.

William II ( Old Norman: Williame II ; – 2 August 1100 ), the third son of William I of England, was King of England from 1087 until 1100, with powers over Normandy, and influence in Scotland.

As in Normandy, his bishops and abbots were bound to him by feudal obligations ; and his right of investiture in the Norman tradition prevailed within his kingdom, during the age of the Investiture Controversy that brought excommunication upon the Salian Emperor Henry IV.

* 1204 — Fall of Normandy from Angevin hands to the French King, Philip Augustus, end of Norman domination of France.

* Eleanor of Normandy, a Norman noblewoman and the daughter of Richard II of Normandy ( possible date ; d. after 1071 )

* Battle of Val-ès-Dunes: William the Conqueror, with assistance from King Henry I of France, secures control of Normandy by defeating the rebel Norman barons at Caen.

During that time he took a great part in the campaigns and negotiations which led to the Treaty of Paris in 1259, under which King Henry III of England recognized his loss of continental territory to France ( including Normandy, Maine, Anjou, and Poitou ) in exchange for France withdrawing support from English rebels.

He was in command of all Allied ground forces during Operation Overlord from the initial landings until after the Battle of Normandy.

Then the king came to the Haye in Touraine and his men had passed the river of Loire, some at the bridge of Orléans and some at Meung, at Saumur, at Blois, and at Tours and whereas they might: they were in number a twenty thousand men of arms beside other ; there were a twenty-six dukes and earls ( Counts ) and more than sixscore banners, and the four sons of the king, who were but young, the duke Charles of Normandy, the lord Louis, that was from thenceforth duke of Anjou, and the lord John duke of Berry, and the lord Philip, who was after duke of Burgoyne ".

The D-Day Normandy landings on June 6, 1944 were costly but successful ; a month later the invasion of Southern France took place, and control of the forces which took part in the southern invasion passed from the AFHQ to the SHAEF.

There were rumours that Montfort's son Simon was planning an invasion of England from Normandy, and this was the hope that the rebels hung on to.

Noteworthy technical achievements of Mountbatten and his staff include the construction of an underwater oil pipeline from the English coast to Normandy, an artificial harbour constructed of concrete caissons and sunken ships, and the development of amphibious tank-landing ships.

Mountbatten claimed that the lessons learned from the Dieppe Raid were necessary for planning the Normandy invasion on D-Day nearly two years later.

File: Camembert. JPG | Camembert, cheese specialty from Normandy

* Homo, a French surname originating from Brittany and Normandy, borrowed from church Latin.

Led by Rollo, some Vikings had settled in Normandy and were granted the land, first as counts and then as dukes, by King Charles the Simple, in order to protect the land from other raiders.

Small-scale cider production on farms for domestic consumption, particularly by seasonal workers from Brittany and mainland Normandy, was maintained, but by the mid-20th century production dwindled until only eight farms were producing cider for their own consumption in 1983.

* Contact 94 Former radio station broadcasting to the island from Normandy.

Again saddled with an unfilmably long script, Frankenheimer threw it out and took the locations and actors left from the previous film and began filming, with writers working in Paris as the production shot in Normandy.

He argued that he need not attend Philip's court because of his special status as the Duke of Normandy, who was exempt by feudal tradition from being called to the French court.

John's relief operation was blocked by Philip's forces, and John turned back to Brittany in an attempt to draw Philip away from eastern Normandy.

At those times when John was preparing for campaigns in Normandy, for example, huge quantities of silver had to be withdrawn from the economy and stored for months, which unintentionally resulted in periods during which silver coins were simply hard to come by, commercial credit difficult to acquire and deflationary pressure placed on the economy.

In 1214 John began his final campaign to reclaim Normandy from Philip.

In 1066, King Harald Hardråde of Norway invaded England, only to be defeated by Harold Godwinson, who in turn was defeated by William of Normandy, descendant of the Viking Rollo, who had accepted Normandy as a fief from the Frankish King.

In 1068, he granted asylum to a group of English exiles fleeing from William of Normandy, among them Agatha, widow of Edward the Confessor's nephew Edward the Exile, and her children: Edgar Ætheling and his sisters Margaret and Cristina.

The threat was enough to bring the English king back from Normandy, where he had been fighting Robert Curthose.