* Numa Pompilius reformed the modern Calendar, introducing January and February and adding 5 days to the calendar.

April was the second month of the Roman calendar, before January and February were added by King Numa Pompilius about 700 BC.

Although March was originally the first month in the old Roman Calendar, January became the first month of the calendar year under either Numa or the Decemvirs about 450 BC ( Roman writers differ ).

January became the first month of the calendar year either under King Numa Pompilius ( c. 713 BC ) or under the Decemvirs about 450 BC ( Roman writers differ ).

The order of months in the Roman calendar was January to December since King Numa Pompilius in about 700 BC, according to Plutarch and Macrobius.

* 715 BC: Start of the reign of Roman King Numa Pompilius.

* 713 BC: Numa Pompilius reforms the Roman calendar.

In Roman mythology, he negotiates with Numa Pompilius, the second king of Rome, to establish principles of Roman religion such as sacrifice.

Moreover, Jupiter promised that at the sunrise of the following day he would give to Numa and the Roman people pawns of the imperium.

The religious value of the boundary marker is documented by Plutarch, who ascribes to king Numa the construction of temples to Fides and Terminus and the delimitation of Roman territory.

The Roman Lex Regia ( royal law ), later the Lex Caesarea ( imperial law ) of Numa Pompilius ( 715 – 673 BC ), required the child of a mother dead in childbirth be cut from her womb.

* 713 BC — Numa Pompilius reforms the Roman calendar.

He had a Flamen Maior called the Flamen Quirinalis, who oversaw his worship and rituals in the ordainment of Roman religion attributed to Romulus ' royal successor, Numa Pompilius.

Roman tradition credited Ceres ' eponymous festival, Cerealia, to Rome's second king, the semi-legendary Numa.

Numa is said to have founded Roman religion after dedicating an altar on the Aventine Hill to Jupiter Elicius and consulting the gods by means of augury.

Based on Roman chronology, Numa died of old age in 673 BC.

In other Roman institutions established by Numa, Plutarch thought he detected a Laconian influence, attributing the connection to the Sabine culture of Numa, for " Numa was descended of the Sabines, who declare themselves to be a colony of the Lacedaemonians.

The two best-known of the Camenae were Carmentis ( or Carmenta ), who had her own flamen and in whose honor the Carmentalia was held, and Egeria, the divine consort of Numa Pompilius, the second king of Rome considered the founder of Roman law and religion.

Saturnalia was supposed to have been held on December 17 from the time of the oldest Roman religious calendar, which the Romans believed to have been established by the legendary founder Romulus and his successor Numa.

Numa in his regulation of the Roman calendar called the first month Januarius after Janus, according to tradition considered the highest divinity at the time.

Numa built the Ianus geminus ( also Janus Bifrons, Janus Quirinus or Portae Belli ), a passage ritually opened at times of war, and shut again when Roman arms rested.

Around 713 BC, the semi-mythical successor of Romulus, King Numa Pompilius, is supposed to have added the months of January and February, allowing the calendar to equal a standard lunar year ( 354 days ).

By tradition, Numa promulgated a calendar reform that adjusted the solar and lunar years, introducing the months of January and February.

C. Koch on the other hand sees the epithet Janus Quirinus as a reflection of the god's patronage over the two months beginning and ending the year, after their addition by king Numa in his reform of the calendar.

" Another analogous correspondence may be found in the festival of the Quirinalia of February, last month of the ancient calendar of Numa.

a ) The calendar of Numa and the role of Janus.

The months of Ianuarius and Februarius were added to the calendar by Numa Pompilius in 700 BCE.

His Sabine successor Numa was pious and peaceable, and credited with numerous political and religious foundations, including the first Roman calendar ; the priesthoods of the Salii, flamens, and Vestals ; the cults of Jupiter, Mars, and Quirinus ; and the Temple of Janus, whose doors stayed open in times of war but in Numa's time remained closed.

Romans believed that the month had been added to the Roman calendar, along with Ianuarius and Februarius, by King Numa Pompilius in the 7th century BC.

Likewise, his portrait of Numa Pompilius, an early Roman king, also contains unique information about the early Roman calendar.

About 700 BC it became the eighth month when January and February were added to the year before March by King Numa Pompilius, who also gave it 29 days.

According to Livy the war was commenced by the Latins who anticipated Ancus would follow the pious pursuit of peace adopted by his grandfather, Numa Pompilius.

The most popular of these were, text by Henry Pacory ;, text by Vincent Hyspa ;, a waltz ; ", text by Dominique Bonnaud / Numa Blès ;, a march ;, text by Contamine de Latour lost, but the music later reappears in ; and many more, many of which have been lost.

They were added by Numa Pompilius about 713 BC.

Bloch's methodology was also greatly influenced by his father, Gustave Bloch, a historian of the ancient world, and by 19th-century scholars such as Gabriel Monod, Ernest Renan, and Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges.

Numa Pompilius, a Sabine, was eventually chosen by the senate to succeed Romulus, on account of his reputation for justice and piety.

Numa ’ s reign was marked by peace and religious reform.

His methodology was influenced by Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges, a supporter of the scientific method.

The tortuous nature of the chronology is indicated by Rhea Silvia's ordination among the Vestals, whose order was traditionally said to have been founded by the successor of Romulus, Numa Pompilius.

Most of these have been recorded by Plutarch ( Lives of Romulus, Numa Pompilius and Camillus ), Florus ( Book I, I ), Cicero ( The Republic VI, 22: Scipio's Dream ), Dio ( Dion ) Cassius and Dionysius of Halicarnassus ( L. 2 ).

Faced by a period of bad weather endangering the harvest during one early spring, King Numa resorted to the scheme of asking the advice of the god by evoking his presence.

At last, he found a book by Numa recording a secret rite on how to evoke Iuppiter Elicius.

Livy and Plutarch refer to and discredit the story that Numa was instructed in philosophy by Pythagoras, as chronologically implausible.