Originally a cupbearer ( Rabshaqe ) to a king of Kish with a Semitic name, Ur-Zababa, Sargon thus became a gardener, responsible for the task of clearing out irrigation canals.

Originally king of Gwynedd, by 1055 he was ruler of almost all of Wales and had annexed parts of England around the border.

Originally, the Swedish king had little power, and that was restricted to the functions of a warchief, judge and priest at the Temple at Uppsala ( see Germanic king ).

Originally a council of nobles advising a king, boulai evolved according to the constitution of the city ; in oligarchies boule positions might be hereditary, while in democracies members were typically chosen by lot, and served for one year.

Originally only an " exceptional " tax ( i. e. imposed and collected in times of need, as the king was expected to survive on the revenues of the " domaine royal ", or lands that belonged to him directly ), the taille became permanent in 1439, when the right to collect taxes in support of a standing army was granted to Charles VII of France during the Hundred Years ' War.

Originally, the term customs meant any customary payments or dues of any kind ( for example, to the king, or a bishop, or the church ), but later became restricted to duties payable to the king on the import or export of goods.

Originally named the Puente del Rey, it was constructed over the Antigua River by the Spanish in 1806 on the camino del Rey ( highway of the king ), later the National Road, between Vera Cruz and Mexico City.

Originally, the deputy county head was a personal employee of the king and thus the main person through which the king exercised influence in the county.

Originally, from Joshimath, during their reign they dominated lands of varying extent from the ' Katyur ' ( modern day Baijnath ) valley in Kumaon, between 7th and 11th centuries AD, and established their capital, at Baijnath in Bageshwar district, which was then known as Kartikeyapura and lies in the centre of ' Katyur ' valley. Brahmadev mandi in Kanchanpur District of Nepal was established by Katyuris king Brahma deo.

Originally, they formed a network of royal estates, called Uppsala öd, that were the property of the Swedish king.

Originally from Romania, the hora is today the unofficial king of Jewish and Israeli folk dances.

Originally, there were a limited number of knights, at first thirty-one, then increased to thirty-six including the king.

Originally founded in 1902 as a society called the Hot Feet, the society was known primarily for its public ceremonies in which it crowned the society's " king.

Originally compiled in Sanskrit, the Panchatantra was rendered, by order of Persian Sassanid king Anushiravan ( Khosrau I ), in the sixth century, A. D., into Persian.

Originally named Hirmata, the city owed its importance in the 19th century to being located on the caravan route between Shewa and the Kingdom of Kaffa, as well as being only six miles from the palace of the king of Jimma.

Originally it was named Kanał Królewski (), after the Polish king, since he was the initiator of the project.

Originally a member of king Narai's extended family ( two of his relatives were among Narai's wives ), he was a trusted councilor of Narai, and leader of the Royal Elephant Corps.

Originally King Vanraj Chavda established this new city and named Anahilpur Patan OR Anhilvad Patan after the name of his very close friend and the pioneer in establishing the state of Patan, the long fought battle against the then ruler from south with help of local tribals, citizens and loyal warriors to his father The king of state Panchasara few kilometers away from Patan today.

Originally, Rome was ruled by kings ; after the monarchy was abolished and the Republic established, religious prerogatives were transferred to the patres, the patrician ruling class.

Originally, high-resolution gratings were ruled using high-quality ruling engines whose construction was a large undertaking.

Originally intended to aid integration of blacks, the ruling had a negative effect on the admissions of Chinese students, who had become the largest ethnic group in the district.

Originally an important fur trading site in early years of French colonization, St. Ignace declined in importance by the early 19th century with changes in ruling classes and the regional economy.

Originally thought to be a minor injury, on 5 March it was announced Owen required surgery on his hamstring, ruling him out for the rest of the season.

Originally known as Sekber Golkar ( Sekretariat Bersama Golongan Karya, or Joint Secretariat of Functional Groups ), it was the ruling party during Suharto's regime ( 1966 – 98 ), and of Habibie's presidency ( 1998 – 99 ).

Originally called the Palazzo della Signoria, after the Signoria of Florence, the ruling body of the Republic of Florence, it was also given several other names: Palazzo del Popolo, Palazzo dei Priori, and Palazzo Ducale, in accordance with the varying use of the palace during its long history.

Originally the post was hereditary, but this was changed, and an Elean from each of the ruling families were elected as a Hellanodikos.

Originally Martin Scorsese was slated to direct the project, but has since dropped out, though not ruling out the possibility of producing the film.

Originally, they worshiped the gods Kassegore and Yig, but with the rise of the Naga to a ruling position, they now worship vile gods known as the Varn.

Originally called the Palazzo della Signoria, after the Signoria of Florence, the ruling body of the Republic of Florence, it was also given several other names: Palazzo del Popolo, Palazzo dei Priori, and Palazzo Ducale, in accordance with the varying use of the palace during its long history.

Originally recorded by hand, these words have been copied and recopied, translated and retranslated through the ages.

Originally called Rijndael, the cipher was developed by two Belgian cryptographers, Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen, who submitted to the AES selection process.

Originally based on the date used to calculate the age of fruit trees for tithing as mandated in Leviticus 19: 23 – 25, the holiday now is most often observed by planting trees, or raising money to plant trees.

Originally applied to any group of infantry primarily armed with projectile weapons, artillery has over time become limited in meaning to refer only to those engines of war that operate by projection of munitions far beyond the effective range of personal weapons.

Originally, the B ( wireline ) side license was usually owned by the local phone company, and the A ( non-wireline ) license was given to wireless telephone providers.

Originally exercised by a single person, the office of Lord High Admiral was from the 18th century onward almost invariably put " in commission " and exercised by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, who sat on the Board of Admiralty.

Originally voiced by Mike Judge in " The Crush ", later by Rottilio Michieli, Todd is a trashy deadbeat and a violent criminal.

Originally BBSes were accessed only over a phone line using a modem, but by the early 1990s some BBSes allowed access via a Telnet, packet switched network, or packet radio connection.

Originally developed by Ericsson, Bluetooth technology is now used in many different products by many different manufacturers.

Originally, poorly organised Lions teams regularly suffered defeat at the hands of their hosts, but by 1955 the tourists took the matches seriously enough to obtain a 2 – 2 draw in South Africa.

Originally published by Fantasy Games Unlimited in 1976, only two years after the first role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons was published, this edition is now long out of print.

Originally written as a novel series by Wang Du Lu starting in the late 1930s, the film is adapted from the storyline of the fourth book in the series, Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon.

; CMUCL: Originally from Carnegie Mellon University, now maintained as free and open source software by a group of volunteers.

Originally, however, this referred to certain key priests of important churches of the Diocese of Rome, who were recognized as the cardinal priests, the important priests chosen by the pope to advise him in his duties as Bishop of Rome ( the Latin cardo means " hinge ").

Originally called the Pioneer Mill, it was built by John R. Yale.

Originally intended as a patent medicine when it was invented in the late 19th century by John Pemberton, Coca-Cola was bought out by businessman Asa Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coke to its dominance of the world soft-drink market throughout the 20th century.

Originally, the members of the Cheka were exclusively Bolshevik ; however, in January 1918, the Left SRs also joined the organization The Left SRs were expelled or arrested later in 1918, following the attempted assassination of Lenin by an SR, Fanni Kaplan.

Originally rebuffed by her in the early-1920s, Chiang managed to ingratiate himself to some degree with Soong May-ling's mother by first divorcing his wife and concubines, and promising to eventually convert to Christianity.

Originally performed with two-handed comb scoops, dry picking is today accomplished by motorized, walk-behind harvesters which must be small enough to traverse beds without damaging the vines.

Originally published in 2010 by Allen Lane, a Penguin Books imprint.