Other medical innovations first introduced by Muslim physicians include the discovery of the immune system, the use of animal testing, and the combination of medicine with other sciences ( including agriculture, botany, chemistry, and pharmacology ), the first drugstores in Baghdad ( 754 ), the distinction between medicine and pharmacy by the 12th century, and the discovery of at least 2, 000 medicinal and chemical substances.

Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes and remain in their modern descendants, such as plants and insects.

Other treatments often used are steroids, azathioprine and intravenous immunoglobulin, which suppress the immune system, and pyridostigmine and 3, 4-diaminopyridine, which enhance the neuromuscular transmission.

Other immunomodulating substances, such as drugs that prevent acetylcholine receptor modulation by the immune system, are currently being researched.

Other proteins are important in cell signaling, immune responses, cell adhesion, and the cell cycle.

Other interesting findings probably linking reelin pathway to developmental hypotheses of schizophrenia are noted in the studies on mice that are either prenatally infected with influenza virus or have their immune system activated artificially during pregnancy.

Other processes usually regulated by the body such as the immune system are also controlled indirectly through the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.

Other late lytic gene products, such as BCRF1, help EBV evade the immune system.

Other biological domains where " knowledge " might be said to reside, include: ( iii ) the immune system, and ( iv ) in the DNA of the genetic code.

Other useful laboratory tests include quantitative measurement of IgA, IgG, IgM ( immunoglobulins ) to look for immune paresis, and beta 2-microglobulin which provides prognostic information.

Other components of the immune system adapt themselves to each new disease encountered and are able to generate pathogen-specific immunity.

Other less-common congenital causes include primary immunodeficiencies, due to the weakened or nonexistent immune system response to severe, recurrent infections that commonly affect the lung.

Other studies show that among homosexual men and injection-drug users, the specific immune deficit that leads to AIDS — a progressive and sustained loss of CD4 + T-cells — is extremely rare in the absence of other immunosuppressive conditions.

Other evidence against Weismann's barrier is found in the immune system.

Other immune components of colostrum include the major components of the innate immune system, such as lactoferrin, lysozyme, lactoperoxidase, complement ,< ref > and proline-rich polypeptides ( PRP ).

Other models have analyzed the spread of epidemics, the threat of biowarfare, biological applications including population dynamics, the growth and decline of ancient civilizations, evolution of ethnocentric behavior, forced displacement / migration, language choice dynamics, cognitive modeling, and biomedical applications including inflammation and the human immune system.

Other types of cells found within the stratum basale are melanocytes ( pigment-producing cells ), Langerhans cells ( immune cells ), and Merkel cells ( touch receptors ).

Other examples include the fungal metabolite lovastatin, which was the lead compound for a series of drugs that lower cholesterol levels, and another fungal metabolite called ciclosporin which is used to suppress the immune response after transplantation operations.

Other clinical features include a high-pitched voice ; distinct facial features, such as a long, narrow face, micrognathism, and prominent nose and ears ; pigmentation changes of the skin including hypo-and hyper-pigmented areas and cafe-au-lait spots ; telangiectasias ( dilated blood vessels ) which can appear on the skin but also in the eyes ; moderate immune deficiency, characterized by deficiency in certain immunoglobulin classes, that apparently leads to recurrent pneumonia and ear infections ; hypogonadism characterized by a failure to produce sperm, hence infertility in males, and premature cessation of menses ( premature menopause ), hence sub-fertility in females.

Other experiments aim to reveal knowledge about the function of the human body, e. g., by creating mice with a human-like immune system to study AIDS or with a brain incorporating human nerve cells.

Other inmates have resorted to killing their rapist ( or probable future rapist ), particularly those who already have long sentences and are thus virtually immune from further legal consequences.

Other treatments modulate the adverse immune response to allergens and include antihistamines, steroids, ciclosporin and immunotherapy ( a process in which allergens are injected to try to induce tolerance ).

Other significant effects include a slowing of cardiovascular system functions, decreased production of red blood cells, balance disorders, and a weakening of the immune system.

Other fibers not mentioned in table are e. g. fibers of the autonomic nervous system

Other archaeologists think instead that the main purpose of the road system was a religious one, providing pathways for periodic pilgrimages and facilitating regional gatherings for seasonal ceremonies.

Other researchers see these motifs as part of a more generalized Puebloan style and / or spiritual significance, rather than evidence of a continuing specific elite socioeconomic system.

Other functions include, market supervision, oversight of the payment system and provision of settlement services, State treasury service, Central Credit Register, economic analysis and institutional consultancy.

Other effects were also noticed in the heart, adrenal glands, spleen and haematopoietic system.

Other bilinear transforms can be used to warp the frequency response of any discrete-time linear system ( for example to approximate the non-linear frequency resolution of the human auditory system ) and are implementable in the discrete domain by replacing a system's unit delays with first order all-pass filters.

Other gender-free dance groups started up in the area after that, and in 1989, at the gender-free dance group in Jamaica Plain, MA, a group of dancers led by Janet Dillon protested the use of these terms, and the armband system was devised: the traditionally male-role dancers would wear armbands and be called " armbands " or just " bands ," and the traditionally female-role dancers would be called " bare arms " or just " bares.

Other suggested effects of the impacts were seismic waves travelling across the planet, an increase in stratospheric haze on the planet due to dust from the impacts, and an increase in the mass of the Jovian ring system.

Other engineering disciplines also overlap with control engineering, as it can be applied to any system for which a suitable model can be derived.

Other scholars have referred to it simply as a caste system.

Other possibilities are ( i ) that residual instrumental errors in WMAP cause the effect ( ii ) that unexpected microwave emission from within the solar system is contaminating the maps.

Other cable cars to use grips were those of the Clay Street Hill Railroad, which later became part of the San Francisco cable car system.

Other cable car systems were implemented in Europe, though, among which was the Glasgow District Subway, the first underground cable car system, in 1896.

Other MFM formats were possible if their characteristics were added to the CP / M C128-specific source code ( available from Commodore ) and the CP / M operating system were re-assembled.

Other formats are associated with a distinct system, such as:

Other critics argue that the DSM represents an unscientific system that enshrines the opinions of a few powerful psychiatrists.

Other important requirements include a sound ecological understanding of the system, including connectedness, ecological dynamics and the context in which the system is embedded.

Other computer architectures that utilize the Eurocard system are VXI, PXI, and PXI Express.

Other key members of the development team included Bill Trost, who created the history, lore and major characters of Norrath ( including Everquest protagonist Firiona Vie ), Geoffrey " GZ " Zatkin who implemented the spell system, and artist Milo D. Cooper, who did the original character modeling in the game.

Other uses of Forth include the Open Firmware boot ROMs used by Apple, IBM, Sun, and OLPC XO-1 ; and the FICL-based first stage boot controller of the FreeBSD operating system.

Other brands that are also present in Kazakhstan through the franchise system include Pepsi, Hilton, Marriott, Intercontinental, and Pizza Hut.

Other intellectuals in the environmental movement ( like Edward Goldsmith ) have used Gaia in the completely opposite way ; to stake a claim about how Gaia's focus on natural balance and resistance and resilience, should be emulated to design a conservative political system ( as explored in Alan Marshall's 2002 book ' The Unity of Nature ', ( Imperial College Press: London ).

Other countries evolve into something akin to a semi-presidential system or indeed a full presidential system.