The FDN was controlled by former ‘ Somocista ’ ( as Pastora called them ) officers and men of the infamous National Guard.

Pastora had fought for years since the 60 ’ s against the Guardia, who were now enjoying the lavish support of the CIA .”

According to Pastora, this happened because “ we didn ’ t want to be CIA soldiers .” The witness of Jack Terrell, a disillusioned American contra official corroborates this:

* Los Van Van: El Guarary De Pastora / Mi Ritmo Caliente-Egrem / Areito-6557

His maverick vision made all his alliances unstable, ultimately costing him the support of his commanders ... Everybody had an interest in getting rid of Pastora: his commanders, the Americans, the Sandinistas, the other contras .”

Twenty-three Tercerista commandos led by Edén Pastora seized the entire Nicaraguan congress and took nearly 1, 000 hostages including Somoza's nephew José Somoza Abrego and cousin Luis Pallais Debayle.

Armed opposition to the Sandinista Government eventually divided into two main groups: The Fuerza Democrática Nicaragüense ( FDN ), a U. S. supported army formed in 1981 by the CIA, U. S. State Department, and former members of the widely condemned Somoza-era Nicaraguan National Guard ; and the Alianza Revolucionaria Democratica ( ARDE ) Democratic Revolutionary Alliance, a group that had existed since before the FSLN and was led by Sandinista founder and former FSLN supreme commander, Edén Pastora, a. k. a. " Commander Zero ".

Military achievements aside, the presence of Pastora, a former FSLN revolutionary hero, among the Contras, helped the public image of the Contras abroad and provided a sort of public-relations counterweight to the bad reputation accorded to the FDN faction ( mostly led by ex-National-Guard " Somocistas ").

A humiliating hostage crisis ensued in August 1978 when Sandinista rebels led by " Comandante Cero ( Commander Zero )" future Contra leader Eden Pastora took over the National Assembly.

* Iran-Contra scandal: U. S. President Reagan signed a Presidential Finding, secretly authorizing the CIA to provide direct assistance to the Contra rebels, led by Eden Pastora, in overthrowing the Sandinista government of Nicaragua.

Avirgan was present at the La Penca bombing of a press conference being held by Nicaraguan Contra leader Edén Pastora.

The bomb attack occurred during a press conference being conducted by Edén Pastora, a Contra leader, who is presumed to have been the target.

After negotiating a USD $ 500, 000 deal with Somoza and Cardinal Miguel Obando, Pastora, Ortega and other released prisoners left for Cuba, where he claimed to have been a " prisoner " lavished with women and luxury, but not allowed to leave the country until Martín Torrijos, the son of then Panamanian strongman Omar Torrijos and Pastora's personal friend, voiced his concern and went to Cuba to rescue him personally.

Pastora was reviled by John Hull, Oliver North, the CIA, and other Reagan-era insiders for his refusal to subordinate to the CIA-backed Nicaraguan Democratic Force.

Later, when the Iran-Contra scandal broke out and widespread allegations of Contra drug trafficking emerged, the CIA attempted to lay all the blame for any and all Contra drug trafficking at the feet of Pastora.

The strong ties to Somoza decreased the potential to gain domestic support for the FDN, and prevented the U. S. guided unification operation, UNO: “ The contra war had to be sold to Congress and the public as the struggle of an opposition united against the regime in Managua .” The revolutionary hero and commander of the contra force of southern Nicaragua ARDE ( Nicaraguan Democratic Revolutionary Alliance ), Eden Pastora, refused to cooperate with the FDN.

Pastora also received less support from the US government ; whether his performance was a result or cause of this disparity is subject to debate.

The bomb attempt also seriously injured Pastora in both legs.

In 1984, Pastora was apparently the intended target of the La Penca bombing, which killed four people at a press conference he was holding.

Between them deceased Jose Dolores Hernandez and his wife Lolita Pastora you present yourself much wanted by the people Jose Dolores years of his life was employed as secretary at the municipal mayoralty of this people

A press conference had been arranged in the guerrilla outpost of La Penca by Edén Pastora, a former Sandinista who had switched allegiance to the Contra rebels.

Because of the late hour, Pastora initially asked that the press conference commence in the morning, but as the reporters began peppering the guerrilla leader with questions an impromptu press conference began as the reporters and television news crews gathered with Pastora around a chest-high table situated in the main room of the hut.

Carlos Enrique Hernandez Ramos was born on 21 April 1940, in the populous parish of La Pastora, Caracas.

* Siparia: La Divina Pastora

# La Divina Pastora

Siparia is the site of the annual festival of " La Divina Pastora ," named for the church's patron saint.

The festival occurs each year on the saint's day of La Divina Pastora, a few weeks after Easter.

" She is La Divina Pastora, the Divine Shepherdess, a manifestation of the Virgin Mary, to Catholics, and Sipari Mai ( Mother of Siparia ) to Hindus.

Small villages that form part of Upper Santa Cruz are Cangrejal, Jagan village, Hololo Road, Paxvale, Cantaro, Graceland Heights, Gasparillo, Sam-Boucaud, La Pastora Settlement, and Pipiol.

Nevertheless some of these beads are already found in chalcolithic contexts ( site of La Pastora ) which has brought some to speculate on an earlier date for the introduction of this material in southeast Iberia ( late 3rd millennium BC ).

In April 1982, Edén Pastora ( Comandante Cero ), one of the heroes in the fight against Somoza, organized the Sandinista Revolutionary Front ( FRS ) – embedded in the Democratic Revolutionary Alliance ( ARDE ) – and declared war on the Sandinista government.

A popular and charismatic leader, Pastora initially saw his group develop quickly.

One prominent Contra commander, however, was ex-Sandinista hero Edén Pastora, aka " Commadante Zero ," who rejected the Leninist orientation of his fellow comandantes.

Edén Pastora and many of the indigenous guerrilla forces, who were not associated with the " Somozistas ", also resisted the Sandinistas.

The Contras operated out of camps in the neighboring countries of Honduras to the north and Costa Rica ( see Edén Pastora cited below ) to the south.

When it comes to Pastora, we can see two contrasting images.

“ Pastora, who cherished his independence, was perceived as the biggest obstacle to this plan unification under UNO.

Concerned about the increased Soviet and Cuban influence in the Sandinista regime of Nicaragua and the delay of free elections, Spadafora joined the Sandino Revolutionary Front ( FRS ) alongside Edén Pastora (" Comandante Zero "), hero of the August 1978 seizure of Somoza's palace.

Current members of the board of directors of the Kimberly-Clark Corporation are: John Alm, Dennis Beresford, John Bergstrom, Abelanrdo Bru, Pastora Cafferty, Robert Decherd, Thomas Falk, Claudio X. Gonzalez, Mae Jemison, Linda Rice, Marc Shapiro, and Craig Sullivan.

Among the best known are: Santa Marta, Salto del Agua, Leganitos, Divina Pastora, Trapiche, Bullring and Miraflores.

The AMPAS was originally conceived by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studio boss Louis B. Mayer as a professional honorary organization to help improve the film industry ’ s image and help mediate labor disputes.

The International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences defines psychological altruism as " a motivational state with the goal of increasing another ’ s welfare ".

Psychological altruism is contrasted with psychological egoism, which refers to the motivation to increase one ’ s own welfare.

One way is a sincere expression of Christian love, " motivated by a powerful feeling of security, strength, and inner salvation, of the invincible fullness of one ’ s own life and existence ".

Another way is merely " one of the many modern substitutes for love, ... nothing but the urge to turn away from oneself and to lose oneself in other people ’ s business.

* David Firestone-When Romney ’ s Reach Exceeds His Grasp-Mitt Romney quotes the song

" Swift extends the metaphor to get in a few jibes at England ’ s mistreatment of Ireland, noting that " For this kind of commodity will not bear exportation, and flesh being of too tender a consistence, to admit a long continuance in salt, although perhaps I could name a country, which would be glad to eat up our whole nation without it.

George Wittkowsky argued that Swift ’ s main target in A Modest Proposal was not the conditions in Ireland, but rather the can-do spirit of the times that led people to devise a number of illogical schemes that would purportedly solve social and economic ills.

In response, Swift ’ s Modest Proposal was " a burlesque of projects concerning the poor ", that were in vogue during the early 18th century.

Critics differ about Swift ’ s intentions in using this faux-mathematical philosophy.

Charles K. Smith argues that Swift ’ s rhetorical style persuades the reader to detest the speaker and pity the Irish.

Swift ’ s specific strategy is twofold, using a " trap " to create sympathy for the Irish and a dislike of the narrator who, in the span of one sentence, " details vividly and with rhetorical emphasis the grinding poverty " but feels emotion solely for members of his own class.

Swift ’ s use of gripping details of poverty and his narrator ’ s cool approach towards them create " two opposing points of view " that " alienate the reader, perhaps unconsciously, from a narrator who can view with ' melancholy ' detachment a subject that Swift has directed us, rhetorically, to see in a much less detached way.

Once the children have been commodified, Swift ’ s rhetoric can easily turn " people into animals, then meat, and from meat, logically, into tonnage worth a price per pound ".

Swift uses the proposer ’ s serious tone to highlight the absurdity of his proposal.

In making his argument, the speaker uses the conventional, text book approved order of argument from Swift ’ s time ( which was derived from the Latin rhetorician Quintilian ).

James Johnson argued that A Modest Proposal was largely influenced and inspired by Tertullian ’ s Apology: a satirical attack against early Roman persecution of Christianity.

Johnson notes Swift ’ s obvious affinity for Tertullian and the bold stylistic and structural similarities between the works A Modest Proposal and Apology.

He reminds readers that " there is a gap between the narrator ’ s meaning and the text ’ s, and that a moral-political argument is being carried out by means of parody ".